In order to deepen the understanding of the cable force optimization of long-span cable-stayed bridges, the solution ideas and optimization processes of various methods are expounded according to the principle of determining the reasonable completed state of cable-stayed bridges. It is not enough accurate to optimize the cable force of long-span cable-stayed bridge only by one method to complete the optimization of cable force. The basic principles of the reasonable completed bridge state of cable-stayed bridge are discussed, and several common optimization methods of complete bridge cable force are introduced. Firstly, the minimum bending energy method is selected to obtain the initial cable force, and the influence matrix method is used to carry out the secondary optimization. The complete state of the bridge cable force is described. The large finite element software Midas Civil is based to establish the cable-stayed bridge model. Taking the reasonable complete-state bridge as the control objective, the complete bridge cable force of the background bridge is optimized.