According to statistics, from 1965 to the end of 2020, a total of 245 underwater tunnels were constructed in my country, of which 171 were constructed by the shield method, accounting for about 70% of the total number of underwater tunnels. The shield method has become the most important part of the construction of underwater tunnels. Main construction method. The ring and the ring, the segment and the segment of the shield tunnel are all connected by bolts, which are flexible structures. This forms the underwater shield tunnel whose structure has been in dynamic changes since the completion of its construction. Based on the monitoring data of the structure settlement and the riverbed of the tunnel site area of the Nanjing Yingtian Street Yangtze River Tunnel for more than 10 years, this paper analyzes the settlement changes of the underwater shield tunnel during the operation period.