Simulation Calculation Method and Application for Relative Displacement of Heavy Hall Freight Suspension on Curved Track
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摘要:
为准确求解曲线轨道上重载货车悬挂的相对位移，首先，建立曲线轨道数学模型，推导出曲线外轨超高、顺坡角、侧滚角和中心角随线路长度的变化公式，再根据车辆各刚体部件进出曲线的时间和所处曲线位置差异，编程计算悬挂点刚体间的超高及转角差；其次，以刚体质心为坐标原点建立本体坐标系，分别给出悬挂点在两刚体本体坐标系中的坐标表达式，通过坐标变换法将本体坐标转换到同一坐标系下，计算悬挂点瞬态相对位移；最后，结合车辆曲线动力学仿真程序计算，即可求出车辆曲线通过时各悬挂点的动态相对位移. 计算结果表明：车辆悬挂相对位移是车辆参数和曲线轨道参数综合作用的结果，当单独不计线路侧滚角差、顺坡角差、中心角差时，对应悬挂相对位移的最大偏差率可达42.85%、24.03%、71.42%；利用坐标变换结合动力学仿真计算的方法可全面考虑车辆和轨道参数，求解车辆悬挂相对位移更为准确.
Abstract:In order to accurately solve the relative displacements of heavy haul freight suspension on a curved track, firstly the mathematical model of curved track was established, and the formulas of outer rail superelevation, slope angle, roll angle and central angle with the length of curve were derived, then according to the time difference and the geometric position difference between the suspension components while the vehicle entering or leaving the curved track, programming to calculate the relative rail superelevation and angle difference of these rigid components. Secondly, the ontological coordinate system was established with the centroid of each rigid body as the origin, and the coordinate expressions of suspension points in the two ontology coordinate systems were given respectively, and converting these coordinates into a same coordinate system through coordinate transformation method, so the transient relative displacement of suspension points could be calculated. Finally, by combining the vehicle curving dynamics simulation, the dynamic relative displacements of suspension points could be calculated. The results indicate that the relative displacement of vehicle suspension is the result of the comprehensive action of vehicle parameters and curve track parameters, when the difference of roll angle difference, slope angle and central angle are excluded separately, the corresponding maximum deviation rate of relative suspension displacement can arrive at 42.85%, 24.03%, and 71.42%. The method of coordinate transformation combined with dynamic simulation can fully consider the vehicle and track parameters, and the relative displacement of vehicle suspension can be solved more accurately.
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图 2 重载货车各刚体部件在曲线轨道上的位置关系
Figure 2. Position relationships of the freight car rigid bodies on a curved track
图 3 车辆系统悬挂点刚体间的超高差
Figure 3. Superelevation height differences between the rigid bodies of vehicle system suspension points
图 4 车辆系统悬挂点刚体间的侧滚角差
Figure 4. Rolling angle differences between the rigid bodies of vehicle system suspension points
图 5 车辆系统悬挂点刚体间的顺坡角差
Figure 5. Slope angle differences between the rigid bodies of vehicle system suspension points
图 6 车辆系统悬挂点刚体间的中心角差
Figure 6. Yawing angle differences between the rigid bodies of vehicle system suspension points
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