| 不同排烟口开启状态下妈湾隧道的排烟技术 |
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| 引用本文： | 曾艳华,李杰,张先富,韩通,丁茂瑞,张嵩.不同排烟口开启状态下妈湾隧道的排烟技术[J].西南交通大学学报,2019,54(6):1177-1186. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曾艳华 李杰 张先富 韩通 丁茂瑞 张嵩 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划课题资助项目（2016YFC0802201） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了研究隧道发生火灾时通风排烟方式和排烟口开启状态对排烟效果的影响，对妈湾水下盾构隧道的排烟特性和排烟效率进行了分析. 通过理论分析和火灾动力学模拟器FDS，得到了纵向通风排烟方式的临界风速和重点通风排烟方式的最佳排烟量；基于不同的排烟口开启状态设置工况，对烟气高度、蔓延长度、人眼高度处的能见度、CO体积浓度及排烟口的风速大小和排烟效率进行了研究. 研究结果表明:（1） 妈湾水下盾构隧道临界风速为4.5 m/s，重点排烟方式下同时开启上下游排烟口及只开启下游排烟口的最佳排烟量分别为290、410 m3/s；（2） 同时开启上下游排烟口，且及时开启火源正上方排烟口，能保证人眼高度处能见度大于10 m，CO浓度仅在火源上下游200 m范围内超过人体耐受极限，最大值仅为450 ppm，烟气高度在火源上游方向近100 m范围内升高，烟气蔓延距离缩短；（3） 同时开启火灾上下游排烟口时，及时打开火灾点正上方排烟口时的整体排烟效率比不打开时更高；只开启下游排烟口时，则正好相反；（4） 综合人员逃生指标，当发生火灾时，应采用重点排烟，同时开启火灾上下游排烟口，并及时打开火灾点最近的排烟口.
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| 关 键 词： | 水下盾构隧道 数值模拟 排烟口开启状态 排烟风量 排烟效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-06-20 |
Smoke Exhaust Technology of Different Opening State of Smoke Vent in Mawan Tunnel |
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| ZENG Yanhua,LI Jie,ZHANG Xianfu,HAN Tong,DING Maorui,ZHANG Song.Smoke Exhaust Technology of Different Opening State of Smoke Vent in Mawan Tunnel[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2019,54(6):1177-1186. |
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| Authors: | ZENG Yanhua LI Jie ZHANG Xianfu HAN Tong DING Maorui ZHANG Song |
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| Abstract: | In order to study the effect of the tunnel smoke exhaust mode and the opening state of the smoke Vent on the smoke exhaust efficiency during the fire, the smoke exhaust characteristics and smoke exhaust efficiency of the Mawan underwater shield tunnel were analyzed. Firstly, through the theoretical analysis and fire dynamics simulator FDS, the critical wind speed of the longitudinal ventilation and smoke exhaust mode and the optimal smoke exhausting amount of the key ventilation and smoke exhaust mode are calculated. Secondly, a variety of working conditions are set based on different opening state of the smoke Vent. And the smoke height, spread length, visibility at the height of the human eye, CO volume concentration, wind speed at the exhaust port and smoke exhaust efficiency were studied. The results show that: (1) the critical wind speed of the Mawan Underwater Shield Tunnel is 4.5 m/s. When the key smoke evacuation method is adopted, the optimal air volume of smoke exhaust for opening the upstream and downstream exhaust vents is 290 m3/s, and the value for opening the downstream exhaust vents is 410 m3/s. (2) When the upstream and downstream exhaust vents are opened, timely opening the exhaust vents directly above the fire source can ensure that the visibility of the human eye is higher than 10 m, and the CO concentration exceeds the human tolerance limit only in the range of 200 m upstream and downstream of the fire source, and the maximum value is only 450 ppm. The smoke height rises within the range of nearly 100 m in the upstream direction of the fire source, the smoke spread distance is shortened. (3) When the upstream and downstream exhaust vents are opened, and the exhaust vents at the top of the fire point are opened in time, the overall exhaust efficiency is higher than when the exhaust vents at the top of the fire point are not opened. When only the downstream exhaust vents are opened, the opposite is true. (4) In combination with the personnel escape index, when a fire occurs, the key smoke evacuation method should be adopted, the upstream and downstream exhaust vents should be opened, and the nearest exhaust vent of the fire point should be opened in time. |
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