| 面向智能内河航运通信的无线信道测量与典型信道特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 李昌振,陈伟,王觉,常福星.面向智能内河航运通信的无线信道测量与典型信道特征[J].交通运输工程学报,2022,22(4):322-333. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李昌振 陈伟 王觉 常福星 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.武汉理工大学 信息工程学院，湖北 武汉 4300702.武汉理工大学 自动化学院，湖北 武汉 4300703.武汉理工大学 国家水运安全工程技术研究中心，湖北 武汉 4300634.大兴安岭地区森林消防支队，黑龙江 大兴安岭 165000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目61701356国家自然科学基金项目52102399长江海事局信息中心科技项目20142h0157 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了明确新一代移动通信技术服务智能内河航运的作用机理，基于内河航运无线通信发展现状和通信环境特殊性，搭建了4G和5G临时无线通信网络，分别对以长江武汉段为例的典型内河通信场景开展了实际信道测量活动，以探寻内河航运无线通信特性的影响因素；利用高精度无线信道测量仪采集了信道传输函数、信号接收强度、时延等信道参数；基于无线传播理论和抽头延迟线模型，提取了传输路径损耗、功率时延分布、时延扩展、多普勒扩展等典型无线信道特征；基于信道典型特征参数，预测了4G和5G无线传播信号在内河场景下的有效覆盖范围及信号传输速率，探究了内河航运无线通信的多径来源和时延分布。测量和分析结果表明:内河航运无线通信中，桥梁、岸边建筑、过往大型船舶等均为无线传播信号多径效应的主要来源；桥梁可以造成最大18.0 dB的衍射损耗，岸边建筑和过往船舶遮挡会分别造成25.0、10.6 dB的能量衰减；4G无线通信的最大测量速率为95.32 Mb·s-1，而5G通信测量速率最高可达0.72 Gb·s-1；大型过往船舶还会造成均方根时延扩展增大约754.94 ns。可见，根据内河通信特殊环境构建合适的新一代移动通信专网，可以更好地为智能航运提供通信保障服务。
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| 关 键 词： | 内河航运 信道测量与建模 通信性能 信道特征 网络规划 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-16 |
Wireless channel measurement and typical channel characteristics for intelligent inland navigation communications |
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| LI Chang-zhen,CHEN Wei,WANG Jue,CHANG Fu-xing.Wireless channel measurement and typical channel characteristics for intelligent inland navigation communications[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2022,22(4):322-333. |
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| Authors: | LI Chang-zhen CHEN Wei WANG Jue CHANG Fu-xing |
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| Affiliation: | 1.School of Information Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China2.School of Automation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China3.National Engineering Research Center Water Transport Safety, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, Hubei, China4.Forest Fire Brigade in Greater Khingan Mountains, Greater Khingan Mountains 165000, Heilongjiang, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to clarify the mechanism of the new generation mobile communication technology in serving intelligent inland navigation, the 4G and 5G temporary wireless communication networks were built based on the development status and special communication environment of wireless communication for inland navigation. With the Wuhan Section of the Yangtze River as an example, the channel measurement work was carried out in typical communication scenarios of inland rivers to explore the influence factors on the wireless communication characteristics of the inland navigations. The channel parameters, such as channel transmission function, received signal strength, and delay, were collected by a high-precision wireless channel sounder. The typical wireless channel characteristics, such as transmission path loss, power delay distribution, delay spread, and Doppler spread, were extracted based on the wireless propagation theory and a tap delay line model. Based on the typical channel characteristic parameters, the effective coverage ranges and transmission rates of 4G and 5G wireless signals in inland river scenarios were predicted, and the multi-path sources and delay distribution of wireless communication for inland navigation were explored. Measurement and analysis results show that bridges, shore buildings, and large passing vessels are the main sources of the multi-path effect of wireless transmission signals in wireless communication for inland navigation. The maximum diffraction loss caused by bridges can reach 18.0 dB. The power attenuations caused by the block of shore buildings and passing vessels can reach 25.0 and 10.6 dB, respectively. The transmission rate of the wireless signals shows that the maximum measurement rate of 4G wireless communication is 95.32 Mb·s-1, while that of 5G communication can reach 0.72 Gb·s-1. In addition, the root mean square delay spread will be increased by about 754.94 ns under the influence of large passing vessels. Therefore, a private wireless communication network should be constructed appropriately according to the special environment of inland river communication, so as to provide better communication support services for intelligent navigation. |
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