| 轨道交通中异构智融车载网络发展综述 |
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| 引用本文： | 董平,尹晨洋,张宇阳,张宏科.轨道交通中异构智融车载网络发展综述[J].交通运输工程学报,2022,22(2):41-58. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董平 尹晨洋 张宇阳 张宏科 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京交通大学 电子信息工程学院，北京 100044 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划2018YFB1800305国家自然科学基金项目61872029国家自然科学基金项目61972026 |
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| 摘 要： | 从蜂窝无线接入技术、非蜂窝无线接入技术、异构智融车载网络接入技术三方面，分析了国内外轨道交通车载网络的研究现状；针对非蜂窝无线接入技术和蜂窝无线接入技术的问题，阐述了协同利用轨道交通周边异构无线资源进行网络融合、协同通信的优越性；从网络模型、网络架构两方面论述了异构智融车载网络的融合方案；结合智能轨道交通业务需求，从可靠性和资源利用率两方面对现有的异构智融车载网络研究进行了系统性的归类梳理；从人工智能、安全性和云边结合三方面提出未来异构智融车载网络的发展趋势。研究结果表明:异构智融车载网络可靠性分为网络架构的可靠性和数据传输的可靠性，其中在网络架构可靠性方面，主要研究了通过冗余网络架构、车云传输架构、软件定义网络构架和智慧协同网络架构4种方式提升可靠性，在数据传输可靠性方面，主要研究了通过多路径传输、网络编码和切换算法降低传输过程中的丢包率；异构智融车载网络资源利用率分为无线接入的资源利用率和链路调度的资源利用率，其中在无线接入资源利用率方面，主要通过信道状态预测、频谱划分、频移补偿3种方式增加网络吞吐量，提高资源利用率，在链路调度的资源利用率方面，主要通过调度算法、接收缓存算法和拥塞控制算法来减少异构链路对数据传输的影响，降低数据重传次数，提高网络资源利用率。
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| 关 键 词： | 轨道交通 车载网络 无线通信 可靠性 资源利用率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-09-28 |
Review on development of heterogeneous smart cooperative vehicular networks in rail transit |
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| DONG Ping,YIN Chen-yang,ZHANG Yu-yang,ZHANG Hong-ke.Review on development of heterogeneous smart cooperative vehicular networks in rail transit[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2022,22(2):41-58. |
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| Authors: | DONG Ping YIN Chen-yang ZHANG Yu-yang ZHANG Hong-ke |
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| Affiliation: | School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China |
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| Abstract: | The research status of vehicular networks of rail transit both at home and abroad was analyzed from three aspects, i.e., cellular wireless access technology, non-cellular wireless access technology, and heterogeneous smart cooperative vehicular network access technology. Considering the problems of non-cellular and cellular wireless access technology, the advantages of cooperatively using heterogeneous wireless resources around rail transit for network convergence and cooperative communications were expounded. The convergence schemes of heterogeneous smart cooperative vehicular networks were discussed from the aspects of the network model and network architecture. In view of the business requirements of intelligent rail transit, the existing research on heterogeneous smart cooperative vehicular networks was systematically classified from the perspectives of reliability and resource utilization. The future development trends of heterogeneous smart cooperative vehicular networks were proposed regarding artificial intelligence, security, and cloud-edge combination. Research results show that the reliability of heterogeneous smart cooperative vehicular networks is comprised of network architecture reliability and data transmission reliability. The former mainly proposes improving reliability in the ways of redundant network architecture, vehicle-to-cloud transmission architecture, software-defined network architecture, and smart and cooperative network architecture. The latter focuses on reducing the packet loss rate in the process of transmission through three ways, i.e., multi-path transmission, network coding, and handoff algorithms. The resource utilization of heterogeneous smart cooperative vehicular networks can be divided into wireless access resource utilization and link scheduling resource utilization. The former improves the throughput and resource utilization by three methods, i.e., channel state prediction, spectrum division, and frequency shift compensation. The latter reduces the influence of heterogeneous links on data transmission and the times of data retransmission and raises the utilization of network resources mainly by scheduling algorithm, receiving and buffer algorithm, and congestion control algorithm. 6 tabs, 7 figs, 79 refs. |
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