| 老年人对自动驾驶汽车接受度研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 景鹏,王伟,吴麟麟.老年人对自动驾驶汽车接受度研究[J].中国公路学报,2021,34(6):158-171. |
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| 作者姓名： | 景鹏 王伟 吴麟麟 |
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| 作者单位： | 江苏大学 汽车与交通工程学院, 江苏 镇江 212013 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（71871107） |
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| 摘 要： | 有限的交通方式选择使得老年群体出行的机动性、便捷性和可达性往往难以得到充分的满足，这会极大影响晚年生活的幸福感，为解决这一问题，针对老年群体的出行行为研究受到了广泛关注。自动驾驶汽车作为一种新兴出行方式，能够提高老年群体出行机动性，这一新兴出行方式得以普及的前提条件之一在于广大老年群体是否能迅速且广泛地接受。因此，在自动驾驶汽车大规模应用之前，研究老年群体对这一新兴技术的接受度对于未来提高老年群体出行质量具有重要意义。从行人和使用者2个角度，同时融合极具中国特色的面子意识等影响因素来探讨老年人（60岁及以上）对自动驾驶汽车的认知和接受度。从行人角度，进行了2种情景的假设，并采用有序Logistic回归分析态度、感知有用性、信任和感知风险等变量对自动驾驶汽车接受度的影响，结果发现信任对接受意向的影响最为显著，而感知有用性的影响并不显著。从使用者角度，采用结构方程模型探索面子意识等心理潜变量对自动驾驶接受意向的行为机理，结果表明态度、感知有用性、感知风险和面子意识等对使用意向都有显著影响，而对行人影响显著的信任因素对使用者影响却并不显著。研究成果能够为自动驾驶汽车企业推出老年群体相关出行服务提供一定的科学依据，同时也为政府相关政策的制定提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 交通工程 接受度 有序logistic回归 结构方程模型 老年人 自动驾驶 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-03-30 |
Acceptance of Autonomous Vehicles for the Elderly |
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| JING Peng,WANG Wei,WU Lin-lin.Acceptance of Autonomous Vehicles for the Elderly[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2021,34(6):158-171. |
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| Authors: | JING Peng WANG Wei WU Lin-lin |
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| Affiliation: | School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China |
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| Abstract: | Finite travel mode choices for the elderly limit their travel motility, convenience, and accessibility, thereby significantly affecting their quality of life. Consequently, extensive attention has been paid to research on travel behavior among the elderly. Autonomous vehicles, an emerging technology, has been shown to improve the travel motility of the elderly, enabling improvement of their travel conditions. However, the success of this development relies on whether the elderly population can quickly and widely accept this emerging mode. Thus, before autonomous vehicles are implemented for large-scale use, it is of immense significance to study the acceptance level of this newly-developing technology among the elderly. In addition to the perspectives of pedestrians and users, a special factor with a Chinese characteristic, namely, face consciousness, among the elderly (60 years and above) was considered in this study. With regard to pedestrians, two hypothetical scenarios were adopted, and variables, including ordinal logistic regression analytical attitude, perceived usefulness, trust, and perceived risk, were utilized to analyze the acceptability toward the autonomous vehicles. The results indicate that trust demonstrates the most significant impact on the acceptability, whereas perceived usefulness under two scenarios demonstrates almost no effect. With regard to users, the structural equation model was employed to investigate the behavioral mechanism of psychological latent variables (such as face consciousness) on the acceptance of autonomous driving. The test results reveal that attitude, perceived usefulness, perceived risk, and face consciousness have a significant impact, while trust, which has a strong effect on pedestrians, has almost no effect on users. This study not only provides a certain scientific basis for autonomous vehicle companies to launch elderly group-related travel services, but also draws the theoretical outline for governments at all levels. |
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| Keywords: | traffic engineering acceptance ordinal logistic regression structural equation model elderly autonomous vehicle |
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