| 基于出站时间的高速公路收费站车辆排队检测 |
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| 引用本文： | 靳引利,石绍刚,王军.基于出站时间的高速公路收费站车辆排队检测[J].交通信息与安全,2016,34(3):81-87. |
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| 作者姓名： | 靳引利 石绍刚 王军 |
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| 作者单位： | 长安大学电子与控制工程学院，西安 710064; 长安大学交通系统工程研究所，西安 710064 |
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| 摘 要： | 目前,对高速公路收费站进行服务评价的数据主要依靠人工现场调查或使用专用检测设备来获取,在人力、资金方面消耗较大。而收费站的海量收费数据则可通过自动调查直接获得,充分利用这些收费数据资源可以获得很好的经济价值。分析了目前国内在公路收费站排队研究方面的局限性和不足。基于高速公路收费站的实际数据,研究分析了排队情况下同车道相邻车辆的出站时间规律,对收费站的车辆排队检测算法,以及车辆队长、排队逗留时间、服务时间等指标的量化计算进行了方法设计。以陕西省富平、韩城和芝川收费站的收费数据进行了实例计算,并与 M/G/1模型的计算结果以及调研数据进行对比,分析其绝对误差,对比结果表明平均服务时间的绝对误差不超过3 s;除韩城收费站105车道外,平均队长的绝对误差不超过1辆;除富平收费站101车道外,平均逗留时间的绝对误差不超过10 s。验证了算法的有效性与普适性。
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| 关 键 词： | 交通规划 高速公路 收费站 M/G/1 模型 等待时间 |
Detection of Vehicle Queuing at Toll Stations on Highways Based on Departure Time |
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| Abstract: | The data for performance evaluation of toll station services on highways is largely collected by people or by professional detection equipment,which has disadvantages in staff and financial costs.The big data from toll stations on highways is much easier to collect,which has great potentials in applications to evaluate service performance of toll stations.The analyses on limitations and deficiencies of the latest studies on vehicle queuing at toll stations on highways are carried out at first.Based on the data from toll stations on highways,the statistical regularities of the departure time between consecutive vehicles in the same lane are further studied during the queuing situations.Systematic solutions are proposed,including a detection algorithm of vehicle queuing at toll stations,and an algorithm of quantitative measure-ment on queue length,waiting time,and service time.Three case studies are carried out by using the data from Fuping, Hancheng and Zhichuan toll stations in Shaanxi Province,respectively.The results from these proposed algorithms are compared with actual situations as well as with the results of the M/G/1 model.The results indicate that the absolute er-ror of average service time is within 3 s.The absolute error of average queue length is within 1 vehicle,except the 105 lane of Hancheng toll station.The absolute error of average waiting time is within 10 s,except the 101 lane of Fuping toll station.According to the above findings,it can be concluded that these proposed algorithms are suitable for evaluating service performance of highway stations.The results also indicate that the proposed algorithms are flexible to deal with different types of highway toll stations. |
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