| 美国货车交通安全理论研究与技术应用现状及展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨文臣,李立,田毕江,胡澄宇.美国货车交通安全理论研究与技术应用现状及展望[J].交通信息与安全,2017,35(4):12. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨文臣 李立 田毕江 胡澄宇 |
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| 作者单位： | 云南省交通规划设计研究院陆地交通气象灾害防治技术国家工程实验室 昆明 650031 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目西部交通建设科技项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 世界经济的快速发展必然带动货运交通量迅速增长,受道路条件、车辆性能和不良驾驶行为等因素综合作用,货车交通事故易发,且经常造成严重的人身财产损失.为提高货运车辆交通安全管理水平,从货车事故理论、主动安全防控技术、安全仿真建模技术3个方面回顾美国货车交通安全技术的研究脉络和主要实践成果,总结公路货车交通安全研究的模型框架、研究热点、主要信息系统及分析技术,探讨有效推进货车交通安全理论研究、技术装备研发和管理实践探索的关键问题和研究趋势.研究发现,翔实可靠的数据是开展货车交通安全理论研究的基础,主动安全理念逐步贯彻于货运交通系统建设和运营全过程,各类仿真技术能够有效拓展货车交通安全研究的广度和深度.
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| 关 键 词： | 交通安全 货车 事故致因 主动安全 驾驶模拟 微观仿真 |
American Truck Traffic Safety Theory and Practice Technology: A Survey of the State-of-art |
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| Abstract: | Steady increase of the worldwide economy results in a rapid growth of truck transport.However, there is high risk of truck transport under various influences of road conditions, vehicle performances, and risky driving behaviors, for which cause death and great loss in property.A comprehensive review of the state-of-art theory for truck traffic safety in United States is conduct with purpose to improve safety management of trucks.Frameworks and main practical achievements of previous studies are reviewed and analyzed from three aspects: truck accident theories, proactive safety prevention technologies, and simulation modeling methods on traffic safety.Then model systems, equipment research and development, hot issues, information systems, and analyzing techniques of truck safety on highways are summarized.Finally, the key issues and trends on theoretical studies, equipment developments, and management of truck safety are analyzed for future studies.The review results demonstrated that detailed and reliable data is the foundation of theoretical studies of truck transport safety.The ideas of proactive safety have been gradually accepted in developing and managing practice of truck operation systems.Various types of simulation techniques can extend the scope and depth of future studies on truck safety. |
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