| PHEV发动机驱动工况效率耦合分析与优化控制 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗勇,赵小帅,龙克俊,斯红路,赵秋林,李沛然.PHEV发动机驱动工况效率耦合分析与优化控制[J].中国公路学报,2019,32(3):163-172. |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗勇 赵小帅 龙克俊 斯红路 赵秋林 李沛然 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司 汽车噪声振动和安全技术国家重点实验室, 重庆 400054;
2. 重庆理工大学 汽车零部件先进制造技术教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400054;
3. 重庆青山工业有限责任公司, 重庆 400054 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（51305475）；汽车噪声振动和安全技术国家重点实验室2017年度开放基金项目（NVHSKL-201702）；重庆市教委科学技术研究项目（KJQN201801143，KJQN201800718）；重庆市重点产业共性关键技术创新专项项目（cstc2015zdcy-ztzx60013） |
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| 摘 要： | 单轴并联式混合动力系统（Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle，PHEV）包括电池、驱动电机、发动机、自动变速器等多个关键部件。各部件效率特性存在相互耦合的关系，要实现系统整体效率最优，需要辨明影响系统效率的控制参数，并对系统整体效率最优的控制参数进行优化。以装备无级变速器（Continuously Variable Transmission，CVT）的PHEV为研究对象，首先对系统各关键部件的效率特性进行分析，建立各关键部件效率模型，明确各部件效率与控制参数、状态参数之间的关系。在此基础上，对发动机单独驱动模式下动力传递路径中不同部件的效率耦合关系进行分析，推导出系统燃油消耗量与动力系统各状态参数、控制参数之间的函数关系。根据分析结果，选取车辆需求功率及车速为状态参数，变速器速比及发动机转矩为控制参数，以系统燃油消耗量最小为目标建立优化目标函数和约束条件，对系统优化问题进行定义。根据优化问题的特点，设计基于模拟退火的优化算法对优化问题进行求解，获取系统燃油消耗率最小时变速器目标速比和发动机目标转矩随状态参数的变化关系。建立系统仿真模型对所述优化算法进行仿真分析，并搭建混合动力试验台对优化结果进行试验验证。结果表明：无级变速器效率对系统整体效率影响较大，采用优化控制规律使发动机效率有所降低，但无级变速器效率升高更大，系统整体效率升高；在功率需求一定的循环工况下，优化控制算法比传统上仅以发动机效率最高为目标的控制算法节油1%~2%。
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| 关 键 词： | 汽车工程 效率优化控制 模拟退火算法 混合动力汽车 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-03-11 |
Efficiency Coupling Analysis and Optimal Control of Powertrain of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles Under Engine-only Mode |
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| LUO Yong,ZHAO Xiao-shuai,LONG Ke-jun,SI Hong-lu,ZHAO Qiu-lin,LI Pei-ran.Efficiency Coupling Analysis and Optimal Control of Powertrain of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles Under Engine-only Mode[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2019,32(3):163-172. |
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| Authors: | LUO Yong ZHAO Xiao-shuai LONG Ke-jun SI Hong-lu ZHAO Qiu-lin LI Pei-ran |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology, China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400054, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automobile Parts, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China;
3. Chongqing Tsingshan Industrial Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400054, China |
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| Abstract: | Powertrain of parallel hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is composed of a battery, a drive motor, an engine, an automatic transmission, and several other key components. The efficiency characteristics of these components are coupled with each other. To achieve optimal overall efficiency of the system, the coupling relationships between the efficiency of different components need to be analyzed. The control parameters that determine the overall efficiency under different working modes need to be identified and should be optimized to achieve maximum system efficiency. In this paper, PHEV equipped with continuously variable transmission is studied. First, the efficiency characteristics of key components in the system were analyzed; efficiency models of these key components were established; and relationships between efficiency, control parameters, and state parameters were revealed. Furthermore, the coupling relationships between the efficiency of different components in the power transfer path were analyzed under the engine-only mode. The relationships between fuel consumption, state parameters, and control parameters of the system were deduced. According to the analysis results, power requirement and vehicle speed were selected as state parameters; and CVT ratio and engine torque were selected as control parameters. An objective function and constraints were established to achieve minimize fuel consumption, and the system optimization issues were defined. According to the characteristics of the optimal equation, an algorithm based on simulated annealing was proposed to solve the optimization equation. The relationships between CVT ratio, engine torque, and state parameters of the system were obtained to achieve minimum fuel consumption. Simulations and tests were carried out under a standard driving cycle and fixed speeds. Results indicate that the efficiency of CVT has a great influence on the overall efficiency of the system. The engine efficiency is reduced by using the optimal control law, but the efficiency of CVT increased more and the overall efficiency of the system is increased. Under driving cycle where the power requirement is fixed, fuel consumption under the proposed control algorithm reduced by about 1%-2% compared with the traditional control algorithm, which only consider reaching the highest engine efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | automotive engineering efficiency optimal control simulated annealing algorithm parallel hybrid electric vehicle |
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