| 紧急制动条件下地铁车辆与钢弹簧浮置板轨道动力相互作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 陆晨旭,时瑾,段其炎,文俊逸.紧急制动条件下地铁车辆与钢弹簧浮置板轨道动力相互作用[J].交通运输工程学报,2019,19(1):96-107. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陆晨旭 时瑾 段其炎 文俊逸 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京交通大学 土木建筑工程学院,北京,100044;北京交通大学 土木建筑工程学院,北京,100044;北京交通大学 土木建筑工程学院,北京,100044;北京交通大学 土木建筑工程学院,北京,100044 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目51578054北京市自然科学基金项目8182041 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了优化坡道上钢弹簧浮置板轨道的设计, 在考虑轮轨纵向作用关系与钢弹簧浮置板轨道特点的基础上, 运用多体动力学理论和有限元法建立了紧急制动条件下地铁车辆与钢弹簧浮置板轨道动力相互作用模型, 利用多体动力学软件UM验证了模型的有效性, 分析了车辆与轨道的动力响应。研究结果表明: UM软件与本文模型计算得到的车体纵向加速度和轮轨纵向力平均相对误差分别为1.3%、2.8%;在紧急制动过程中, 车体始终处于向前点头和纵向振动的状态, 导致前轮增载, 后轮减载; 由于板与板之间不连续, 钢轨和浮置板之间会产生纵向相对错动, 须注意钢轨与浮置板之间不协调的纵向变形; 间隔2组扣件布置一对隔振器方案(方案1) 所得板端钢轨垂向位移比板中大0.2 mm, 间隔2组扣件布置一对隔振器, 再间隔3组扣件布置一对隔振器方案(方案2) 所得板端钢轨垂向位移比板中小0.5 mm; 2种布置方案下, 轨道纵向变形相差不超过5%, 扣件和钢弹簧受到的纵向作用力相差不超过15%;短波轨道不平顺显著加剧了钢轨和浮置板的垂向振动效应, 不平顺状态下钢轨最大垂向加速度可达15g左右; 钢弹簧浮置板轨道可以降低传递到基础底部的垂向振动, 加速度降幅约为0.2 m·s-2, 但会显著放大低频段钢轨、浮置板的垂向振动, 振动量增幅约为15 dB。
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| 关 键 词： | 车辆工程 地铁 紧急制动 钢弹簧浮置板 动力响应 短波随机不平顺 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-08-01 |
Dynamic interaction between metro vehicle and steel spring floating slab track under emergency braking condition |
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| LU Chen-xu,SHI Jin,DUAN Qi-yan,WEN Jun-yi.Dynamic interaction between metro vehicle and steel spring floating slab track under emergency braking condition[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2019,19(1):96-107. |
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| Authors: | LU Chen-xu SHI Jin DUAN Qi-yan WEN Jun-yi |
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| Affiliation: | School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China |
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| Abstract: | To optimize the design of steel spring floating slab track on the grade, based on the consideration of longitudinal wheel-rail relationship and structure characteristics of steel spring floating slab track, the dynamic interaction model of metro vehicle and steel spring floating slab track under the emergency braking condition was established through the multi-body dynamics theory and finite element method. The validity of the model was verified through the multi-body dynamics software UM. The dynamic responses of vehicle and track under the emergency braking condition were analyzed. Research result shows that the average relative errors of longitudinal acceleration of car body and longitudinal wheel-rail force calculated by the UM and the model in this paper are 1.3% and 2.8%, respectively. During the emergency braking process, the car body is always in the state of forward pitching and longitudinal vibration, resulting in the increased load in the front wheel and the decreased load in the rear wheel. Owing to the discontinuities between the slabs, a longitudinal relative dislocation occurs between the track and floating slab. The special attentions should be paid to the longitudinal uncoordinated deformation between the rail and floating slab. For the scheme of arranging a pair of isolators at the intervals of two sets of fasteners (scheme 1), the vertical displacement of rail at the end of slab is 0.2 mm larger than that at the middle of slab. For the scheme of arranging a pair of isolators at the intervals of two sets of fasteners, then arranging a pair of isolators at the intervals of three sets of fasteners (scheme 2), the vertical displacement of rail at the end of slab is 0.5 mm smaller than that at the middle of slab. Under the two layout schemes, the difference of longitudinal deformation of track is no more than 5%, and the difference of longitudinal force acting on fastener and steel spring is no more than 15%. The short wave track irregularity significantly increases the vertical vibrations of rail and floating slab, and the maximum vertical acceleration of rail can reach up to approximately 15g in the presence of track irregularity. Steel spring floating slab can reduce the vertical vibration transmitted to the bottom of the foundation, and the acceleration decreases by approximately 0.2 m·s-2. However, the low-frequency vertical vibrations of rail and floating slab amplify significantly, and the vibration increases by approximately 15 dB. |
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