| 公路独柱墩桥梁抗倾覆研究综述 |
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| 引用本文： | 周勇军,王业路,赵煜,薛宇欣,韩智强.公路独柱墩桥梁抗倾覆研究综述[J].交通运输工程学报,2022,22(6):46-66. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周勇军 王业路 赵煜 薛宇欣 韩智强 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.长安大学 公路学院，陕西 西安 7100642.长安大学 旧桥检测与加固技术交通运输行业重点实验室，陕西 西安 7100643.太原科技大学 车辆与交通工程学院，山西 太原 030024 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目52278138国家重点研发计划2021YFB2601000中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目300102218506 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了促进公路独柱墩桥梁的可持续发展，总结了国内外典型桥梁倾覆事故，并从桥梁倾覆破坏机理、倾覆稳定性影响因素和抗倾覆控制方法3个方面系统梳理了公路独柱墩桥梁在抗倾覆领域的研究现状，强调了超载对桥梁结构安全威胁的严重性、倾覆问题复杂性及紧迫性。研究结果表明:桥梁倾覆事故多由超载车辆偏载行驶诱发，这些独柱墩桥梁存在“强弯弱倾”现象；汽车荷载对桥梁的弯矩、剪力和扭矩效应影响不同，亟须建立一套适用于桥梁抗倾覆分析的重型汽车荷载计算标准；不同桥梁发生倾覆破坏的模式及相应的荷载最不利状态各不相同，明确桥梁不同破坏模式下的倾覆轴力学模型对倾覆最不利状态演化至关重要，尚需在倾覆轴力学模型和倾覆最不利状态领域开展更为深入的研究工作；温度、预应力、收缩徐变和基础变位因素耦合作用下的桥梁倾覆机理仍不清晰；采用反力最不利状态描述桥梁的倾覆极限状态，割裂了倾覆效应与扭矩特性的力学联系；建议以可靠度理论为基础，结合倾覆破坏模式及合理倾覆轴力学模型来完善抗倾覆控制计算方法，进一步降低公路独柱墩桥梁安全运营风险；在保持一定抗倾覆安全冗余度和注重桥梁监控与维护的前提下，加强治超限载管理是防止该类事故发生的根本途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 桥梁工程 独柱墩 倾覆 研究综述 倒塌机理 倾覆轴 计算方法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-07-19 |
Review on research of anti-overturning of highway bridges with single-column piers |
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| ZHOU Yong-jun,WANG Ye-lu,ZHAO Yu,XUE Yu-xin,HAN Zhi-qiang.Review on research of anti-overturning of highway bridges with single-column piers[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2022,22(6):46-66. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Yong-jun WANG Ye-lu ZHAO Yu XUE Yu-xin HAN Zhi-qiang |
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| Affiliation: | 1.School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China2.Key Laboratory of Bridge Detection Reinforcement Technology of Ministry of Communications, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China3.School of Vehicle and Transportation Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China |
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| Abstract: | To promote the sustainable development of highway bridges with single-column piers, the typical bridge overturning accidents at home and abroad were summarized. The research progress of highway bridges with single-column piers in the field of anti-overturning was systematically stated from three aspects: bridge overturning failure mechanism, influencing factors of overturning stability, and control methods for anti-overturning. The serious threat of overload to bridge structrue safety and the complexity and urgency of the overturning problem were emphasized. Research results show that bridge overturning accidents are mostly induced by eccentric overloaded vehicles, and the phenomenon of strong bending and weak overturning exists in these bridges with single-column piers. It is urgent to establish a calculation standard for heavy vehicle loads suitable for the bridge anti-overturning analysis due to different effects of vehicle loads on the bending moment, shear force, and torque moment of bridges. The overturning failure modes and the corresponding most unfavorable load states vary in terms of different bridges, and it is important to clarify the overturning axis mechanics models for the evolution of the most unfavorable overturning states of different failure modes, and the research should be intensified on the overturning axis mechanics models and the most unfavorable overturning states. The mechanism of bridge overturning under the coupling effect of temperature, prestress, shrinkage-creep, and bearing settlement is still unclear. Using the most unfavorable state of reaction force to describe the overturning limit state of the bridge ignores the mechanical connection between the overturning effect and the torque moment characteristics. It is suggested that the overturning failure modes and reasonable overturning axis mechanical models should be combined based on the reliability theory to improve the anti-overturning control calculation method, so as to reduce the safe operation risk of highway bridges with single-column piers. Under a certain extent of safety redundancy of anti-overturning and monitoring and maintaining of bridges, strengthening the management of overloads is the fundamental way to prevent such accidents. 2 tabs, 12 figs, 104 refs. |
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