| 大跨小间距隧道微振钻爆施工及中夹岩振动特性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 季相臣,傅洪贤,孔恒,高宇璠.大跨小间距隧道微振钻爆施工及中夹岩振动特性研究[J].中国公路学报,2021,34(4):220-230. |
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| 作者姓名： | 季相臣 傅洪贤 孔恒 高宇璠 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院, 北京 100044;2. 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司, 湖北武汉 430056;3. 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司, 北京 100089 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（51278042） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了减少隧道爆破产生的振动，研究大跨小间距隧道中夹岩的振动特性，依托贵阳市七冲村1号公路隧道工程，依据自由面减振原理对CD法进行优化，提出中夹岩侧上台阶“前后错落3部”同步爆破施工的CD法，并对中夹岩内部围岩的爆破振动进行测试，研究并揭示后行隧道掏槽孔、辅助孔及周边孔爆破时掌子面前后中夹岩内部围岩的振动速度传播规律。研究结果表明：利用增加自由面个数和面积对CD法进行优化，能够保证在施工进度不变的条件下，使5 m处围岩的振动速度小于5 cm·s-1，有效地减小了爆破振动，实现微振爆破施工；在隧道爆破近区，爆破距离是影响振动速度的主导因素，质点最大振动速度由周边孔单段装药量决定；在隧道爆破中远区，装药量是影响振动速度的主导因素，质点最大振动速度由最大一段装药量决定；无论掏槽孔爆破还是辅助孔及周边孔爆破，掌子面前方中夹岩振动速度都稍大于掌子面后方中夹岩振动速度；掌子面前方岩体的场地系数K大于掌子面后方中夹岩的场地系数K；随着自由面数量的增加，场地系数K及衰减系数α都减小。
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| 关 键 词： | 隧道工程 微振施工 振动测试 围岩内部 中夹岩 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-07-15 |
Study on Micro-vibration Drilling and Blasting of Large Span Tunnel Using Small Spacing and Vibration Characteristics of Intermediate Rock Wall |
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| JI Xiang-chen,FU Hong-xian,KONG Heng,GAO Yu-fan.Study on Micro-vibration Drilling and Blasting of Large Span Tunnel Using Small Spacing and Vibration Characteristics of Intermediate Rock Wall[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2021,34(4):220-230. |
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| Authors: | JI Xiang-chen FU Hong-xian KONG Heng GAO Yu-fan |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;2. CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430056, Hubei, China;3. Beijing Municipal Construction Co. Ltd., Beijing 100089, China |
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| Abstract: | To reduce the vibration caused by tunnel blasting, the vibration response characteristics of intermediate rocks in large-span and small spacing tunnels were studied. Based on the No.1 highway tunnel project of Qichongcun in Guiyang City, the CD method was optimized according to the principle of free surface vibration reduction. A synchronized blasting of three parts located independently along the axial direction of the tunnel at upper bench of CD method was proposed to measure the blasting vibration of the intermediate rock. According to the results, the propagation law of blasting vibration velocity of intermediate rock in front of and behind the tunnel face were revealed while blasting cutting holes, auxiliary holes, and surrounding holes. The results show that the method of increasing the number and area of free surface by optimized CD can reduce blasting vibration significantly. Optimized CD can ensure that the blasting vibration speed of an intermediate rock 5 m away from the peripheral holes is less than 5 cm·s-1. Hence, micro-vibration blasting was conducted. In the near zone of tunnel blasting, the blasting distance is the dominant factor affecting the vibration velocity, and the maximum vibration velocity of particles were determined by charge per delay of peripheral holes. In the middle and far zone of tunnel blasting, the charge quantity is the dominant factor affecting the vibration velocity, and the maximum vibration velocity of particles were determined by the maximum per delay charge of tunnel blasting. The blasting vibration velocity of an intermediate rock in front of the tunnel face is slightly higher than that behind the tunnel face irrespective of cutting hole blasting, auxiliary hole blasting, or surrounding hole blasting. The site coefficient K of rock mass in front of the tunnel face is larger than that behind tunnel face. The site coefficient K and attenuation coefficient α decreases with the increase in the number of free surfaces. |
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| Keywords: | tunnel engineering micro-vibration construction vibration test surrounding rock interior intermediate rock wall |
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