| 草原公路线形诱导标志对驾驶员视觉特性影响的实验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 葛敬芳,戚春华,朱守林,杨锋,张贵满.草原公路线形诱导标志对驾驶员视觉特性影响的实验研究[J].交通信息与安全,2016,34(5):46-52. |
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| 作者姓名： | 葛敬芳 戚春华 朱守林 杨锋 张贵满 |
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| 作者单位： | 内蒙古农业大学能源与交通工程学院 呼和浩特 010018 |
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| 摘 要： | 草原公路线形诱导标志在指示曲线路段道路线形变化、诱导驾驶员视线、缓解视觉单调感、提高行车安全等方面都发挥着重要作用.选取草原公路不同曲线路段,利用眼动仪采集7名驾驶员的眼动指标,筛选得到5名驾驶员的能清晰描述眼动变化规律的有效数据,并通过单因素方差分析筛选眼动响应敏感指标,得出不同因素对驾驶员眼动指标的影响规律.结果表明,瞳孔直径对是否存在线形诱导标志、驾驶员性别响应敏感;扫视幅度对线形诱导标志设置位置响应敏感.不存在线形诱导标志时,驾驶员的平均瞳孔直径大于存在线形诱导标志时驾驶员的平均瞳孔直径0.09 mm;而存在线形诱导标志时,驾驶员的瞳孔直径变化幅度较大,平均变化率相差近0.5%.线形诱导标志设置在道路左侧时,驾驶员扫视幅度幅值较大,相比线形诱导标志设置在道路右侧时驾驶员的扫视幅度高2.59°,平均变化率相差1.3%.女性驾驶员在线形诱导标志引导路段的平均瞳孔直径比男性驾驶员大近0.25 mm,瞳孔直径变化幅度明显,平均变化率相差0.7%.
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| 关 键 词： | 交通安全 草原公路 线形诱导标志 眼动特性 曲线段 |
The Effects of Chevron Alignment Signs on Characteristics of Drivers′ Eye Movement: An Experimental Study on Prairie Highways |
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| Abstract: | Chevron alignment signs on prairie highways play a significant role in directing changes of road alignment, inducing sight of drivers, relieving visual monotony, and improving driving safety.Different curve sections on a prairie highway are selected, and indicators of eye movement are collected from seven drivers using eye tracking system.The data of five drivers are recognized as valid.A One-way ANOVA analysis is applied to filter sensitive indices considering the influence of different factors.The results indicate that pupil diameter is sensitive to the existence of chevron alignment signs and gender of drivers;while saccade amplitude is sensitive to the positions of chevron alignment signs.When no chevron alignment sign exists, the average pupil diameter is 0.09 mm, higher than that with chevron alignment signs.The pupil diameter changes in a wide range with variance of the average rate of change about 0.5%.When chevron alignment signs are positioned on the left side, the saccade amplitude is 2.59° higher than on the right side.And variance of the average rate of change is about 1.3%.Female drivers are found to be more concentrated, with a larger (0.25 mm) pupil diameter, and variance of the average rate of change is 0.7%. |
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