| 面向常发性拥堵的城市局部路网韧性评价与分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈思妤,李洁,胡演诚,姜宇.面向常发性拥堵的城市局部路网韧性评价与分析[J].交通信息与安全,2022,40(4):138-147. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈思妤 李洁 胡演诚 姜宇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.湖南大学土木工程学院 长沙 410082 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目51878264河南省交通厅科技项目2020G11 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了缓解常发性拥堵引发的城市噪音、能源消耗和废气排放等现状，使路网具备抵抗短时激增车流的能力，将宏观基本图与性能时序图相结合对局部路网韧性进行量化。针对韧性属性，提出了鲁棒性指数、损失面积比、恢复快速性、流量峰值差和临界密度差5个评价指标，反映路网在性能下降、稳定和恢复阶段的韧性特性。引入Kendall法检验各赋权法的一致性，并基于CRITIC的多属性决策获得最优权重，提出了组合赋权和模糊逻辑相结合的城市局部路网韧性综合评价方法，结合李克特量表法对综合韧性得分进行分级。以长沙市局部路网为例，设计韧性改善方案，针对常发性拥堵路段上的交叉口进行信号配时优化；通过VISSIM仿真并计算得到各方案的韧性指标。研究结果显示:方案8，10和16能有效吸收短时激增车流并与路网状态相适应，所有方案中方案14的韧性得分最高。局部路网综合韧性得分具有随着优化路段数的增加而增长的趋势，但并不是线性递增。信号配时优化改变了路网韧性属性，并降低了部分路段对城市局部路网韧性的负面影响。不同评价方法下的韧性得分排名存在部分差异，流量峰值差与脆弱性指数的评价排名更接近，损失面积比与韧性损失值的评价排名更接近。所提出的指标不局限于单一韧性属性，能更全面、客观地反映干扰下路网的响应过程。
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| 关 键 词： | 交通工程 城市局部路网 韧性评价 多属性决策 性能时序图 宏观基本图 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-16 |
An Evaluation and Analysis on the Resilience of the Urban Local Road Network for Recurrent Congestions |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China2.Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800Kgs, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | To alleviate the state of urban noise, energy consumption, and carbon emission caused by recurrent traffic congestions, and to improve the ability to resist impacts of a short-term surge in traffic flow, macroscopic fundamental diagrams and performance profiles are combined to quantify the resilience of the urban local road network. Five evaluation indices, including robustness index, ratio of loss areas, rapid recovery, difference of peak flows, and difference of critical densities, are proposed to reflect characteristics of the resilience in the stages of performance degradation, stability, and recovery. The Kendall method is used to test the consistency of each weighting method, and the optimal weight is obtained based on the CRITIC for multi-attribute decision making. Furthermore, a combined method using weighting method and fuzzy logic is proposed to evaluate the resilience of the urban local road network, and the resilience score is graded by the Likert scale. Taking a local road network in the city of Changsha as a case study. Improvement schemes for the resilience are designed, and schemes of traffic signal timing are carried out and optimized to improve the resilience of recurrently congested intersections on key road sections. The evaluation indices of the resilience of the local road network are calculated based on the outputs of VISSIM simulations. The results show that scheme 8, 10, and 16 can effectively absorb the short-term surge in traffic flowand adapt to traffic states on the road network. The scheme 14 has the best performance out of all schemes. The comprehensive resilience score of the urban local road network presents an upward trend of non-linear growth with the increasing number of signal optimized sections. The optimization of traffic signal timing improves resilience properties of the local road network, and then reduces the negative impacts of some key sections on the resilience of urban local road network. Besides, different methods for evaluating the resilience make distinct ranking results.The ranking results based on difference of peak flows are more similar to the results of vulnerability indices, while the ranking results based on ratio of loss areas are more similar to the results of loss of resilience. The proposed evaluation indices, not confined to a single attribute of resilience, can reflect the response process of road network under disruption more comprehensively and objectively. |
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