景洪升船机下游引航道口门区通航水流条件观测研究*

针对通航建筑物下游引航道口门区复杂流场的现场观测难题，发明了高精度的水流流速、流场测试方法，准确获得不同流量工况下景洪升船机下游引航道口门区的横向、纵向及回流流速，揭示带透水导墙的引航道口门区流场结构特征，为升船机船舶通航安全评价、航路航法优化等通航管理提供重要依据；并将原型观测与模型试验结果进行对比分析，针对通航水流条件模型试验及船舶通航安全评估提出建议，可为相关研究提供参考。     

水口坝下水位治理工程施工期通航水流条件研究

水口坝下水位治理工程施工导流阶段,因围堰导致河道过流宽度缩窄,容易出现大流速、漩涡、剪刀水、跌水等不良水流流态。为改善通航水流条件,进行了整体水工模型试验研究。根据水力学基本原理,通过采取圆弧连接上游纵横围堰、降低缩窄河道河床底高程等工程措施,消除了漩涡与跌水现象,减弱了剪刀水流强度,改善了水流条件。模型试验结果显示:工程措施实施后施工河段的最高安全通航流量模型观测值由Q=1 686 m3/s提高至Q=2 810 m3/s。     

崔家营枢纽导流明渠运行期通航条件分析

崔家营枢纽施工期间由导流明渠实施泄洪与通航。文章依据导流明渠运行期的实测资料,分析了导流明渠运行期的实际通航条件、实际通航条件与模型试验结果的异同及其原因。结果表明:导流明渠内的实测流速与水面比降与设计阶段的模型试验结果较为一致,明渠通航条件基本达到了设计目的,但由于河床组成抗冲性较弱,导流明渠出口及枢纽下游近坝处河床冲刷下切,枯水期同流量水位下降,致使导流明渠内在设计最低通航流量下的水深不能满足通航水深要求。     

库区连续急弯段的通航水流条件研究

根据水力学原理和弯道河床特性分析,并通过整体水工模型试验,研究库区连续急弯段的通航水流条件及其改善措施。针对急弯河段存在的水流集中、流速峰值大、涡流、螺旋流同时出现,水流条件不能满足通航要求的问题,研究提出了填潭、河道扩挖和切除凸嘴的综合整治措施,可以消除旋流、降低航道内流速峰值,从而改善通航水流条件,提升通航流量。     

大窑湾防波堤口门通航条件研究

根据模型试验结果 ,描述了口门宽度、防波堤堤身结构型式以及水深与口门通航条件的关系 ,分析了影响港口口门通航条件的主要因素 ,并根据自航船模的试验情况初步提出了船舶进出口门的流速限值。     

渠江风洞子船闸导航墙透空型式效果研究

文中结合通航建筑物导航墙开孔对引航道通航水流条件影响的水工模型试验研究成果,探讨了导航墙开孔区域及开孔比在模型试验中的选取。研究表明,水工模型试验中,通航水流较透空前有明显的改善,值得在同类低闸坝枢纽在船闸中借鉴。     

小尺度自航船模试验及技术特点

针对通航物理模型研究中出现实际通航与试验结果不一致的问题,介绍了通航小尺度自航船模作为一种特殊传感器在水工、河工模型量测中的应用。阐述了三峡-葛洲坝两坝间改进船型船队扩大通航能力试验中,自航船模与实船操纵性能的相似性问题以及船模试验的技术特点。     

基于船舶受力试验的丁坝区通航安全问题研究*

利用三维点式多普勒流速仪(ADV)对丁坝区流场进行量测,并通过高精度测力天平和数字式应变数据采集仪测量船模在不同流速下丁坝区域不同位置处的纵向和横向二维受力状况,分析船舶在丁坝区域航行时的受力特性,从受力角度研究船舶在整治建筑物附近的通航安全问题。试验研究表明,船舶在经过丁坝时横向受力会经历一次正向（推力）峰值和一次负向（吸力）峰值,正向（推力）峰值出现的位置为船体中心移动至丁坝上游0.56～0.67倍船长范围,负向（吸力）峰值出现的位置为船体中心位于丁坝下游0.11～0.44倍船长范围,且船体横向距坝头越远,极值出现得越晚。纵向受力极值出现位置为船舶中心位于丁坝下游0.065～0.28倍船长范围,且随着来流流速增大,极值点有向下游推移的趋势。     

水工模型试验的流速测量方法与数据处理程序

在水工模型试验中,基础数据的准确度与精确度直接关系到科研成果的质量。流速是模型试验中观测的主要数据之一。模型流速的测量方法有许多种,如示踪物法、光电法、声学多普勒法等。光电法是目前水工模型试验中应用最多的流速测量方法。文章所述的模型测杆流速处理程序实现的功能就是计算流速测杆采集流速的平均值并直观地以流速过程线图显示。通过应用于上海国际航运中心洋山港区整体物理模型试验的实践表明,程序采用微调方法,解决了判断涨落潮时存在的问题,提高了水工模型试验工作的精度和效率,为科学决策提供了依据。     

岷江龙溪口航电枢纽施工期通航问题试验研究

岷江龙溪口航电枢纽是一座以航运为主、航电结合的大(2)型综合利用水利枢纽工程。该工程施工期通航条件的好坏,将直接关系到岷江乐山至宜宾段航道能否满足大件船舶安全畅通的运输要求,意义重大。根据龙溪口航电枢纽工程施工导流模型试验成果,分析了各施工导流期的通航水流条件,并针对施工通航存在的问题特别是二、三期围堰区段流速超标、流态较差、通航流量较低等相关问题,提出了改善施工期通航水流条件、提高通航流量的综合性工程措施,较好地解决了本枢纽工程施工期的通航问题,其研究成果可作为类似工程借鉴和参考。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.