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针对雾天绕城高速公路交通事故对路网车流的显著干扰,立足于路网,在事故影响区划分为保护区、控制区和缓冲区的基础上,通过采集某典型绕城高速交通事故数据,应用干涉车流波模型计算出缓冲区主线干涉作用下最大排队长度Xg和所对应的时刻tg,以及事故消散时间t2;就各个影响区所处空间位置和区内交通流特性,分别探讨了雾天各事故影响区紧急交通组织措施的应用,为最大限度降低二次事故发生和发挥绕城高速公路枢纽作用提供指导。 相似文献
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针对绕城高速公路的重要性及雾天交通事故对路网车流的显著干扰,在事故影响区划分为保护区、控制区和缓冲区的基础上,通过采集某典型绕城高速公路交通事故数据,首先应用干涉车流波模型计算出缓冲区主线干涉作用下最大排队长度和所对应的时刻,以及事故消散时间;其次就各个影响区所处空间位置和区内交通流特性,分别探讨了雾天各事故影响区紧急交通组织措施应用,为最大限度地降低二次事故发生和发挥绕城高速公路枢纽作用提供指导. 相似文献
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道路交通拥堵程度的准确判别是交通管理人员及时采取有效应对措施的基础,不同交通拥堵程度既有客观层面的体现,也有驾驶人的主观感受.为兼顾交通拥堵的外在表现和实际行车感受,以车辆首次停车排队至通过路口的时间与信号控制周期的比值为基础建立排队时间指数(QTI),用于信号控制路口交通拥堵程度评价,并对其有效性进行验证.通过采集不同城市典型信号控制路口的高峰运行数据,获得排队时间指数、车辆排队长度和车辆延误等结果,对比分析了排队时间指数与车辆延误和排队长度的关系,研究了不同拥堵状态下排队时间指数的分布规律.结果显示:排队时间指数与车辆延误呈正相关关系,表明采用排队时间指数评价路口拥堵是可行和有效的,且利用排队时间指数可以发现路口潜在的配时不合理情况.结合现有常用拥堵程度分级方法,将拥交通状态划分为严重拥堵、中度拥堵、轻度拥堵和畅通4个等级,并以采集的路口排队时间指数为样本,利用聚类分析方法将得到不同拥堵等级下的排队时间指数的阈值,用以刻画信号控制路口的交通拥堵程度. 相似文献
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为了实时估计路段车辆排队长度,利用铺设在路段上的检测器,提出了一种车辆排队估计方法,对车辆排队进行实时跟踪。该方法考虑了一般的道路拓扑结构,路段排队的演化过程分为四个阶段:初始排队阶段、排队蔓延阶段、排队上溯阶段和堵塞路段阶段,不同阶段的排队利用不同的信息,通过不同的模型进行推算,通过实地调查验证,可以高效实时追踪路段排队的演化。 相似文献
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近年,基于网联车辆轨迹数据的交通管控与服务研究方兴未艾。其中,信号控制交叉口排队长度估计备受关注。然而,在低渗透率条件下,单个周期内轨迹稀少且提供的交通信息十分有限。现有研究仅以当前周期内网联车辆轨迹数据为输入,难以获得准确且可靠的周期级排队长度估计结果。因此,融合利用历史网联车辆轨迹数据提供的车辆到达和停车位置信息以及当前周期内实时观测的网联车辆排队信息,提出一种基于最大后验概率的周期最大排队长度估计方法。首先,依据历史轨迹数据的停车位置信息,估计排队长度的先验分布;其次,依据历史轨迹数据的车辆到达信息,估计周期内车辆的历史到达分布,并结合周期内最后1辆排队网联车辆的到达时刻与停车位置,构建排队长度似然函数;最后,基于贝叶斯理论,结合前述先验分布与似然函数,推导周期排队长度的后验分布,并采用最大后验概率方法实现周期最大排队长度的估计。仿真结果表明:所提方法在不同饱和度和渗透率条件下,均优于现有的方法;即使在车辆轨迹数不超过1 veh·周期-1的低渗透率条件下,所提方法的平均绝对估计误差也不超过2 veh·周期-1。实证结果表明:在渗透率仅为8.96%的条件下,所提方法的平均绝对误差为2.12 veh·周期-1,平均相对估计误差为12.4%,同样优于现有同类方法。 相似文献
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With the progress of information and sensing technologies, estimating vehicular queue length at signalized intersections becomes feasible and has attracted considerable attention. The existing studies provided a solid theoretical foundation for the estimation; however, the studies have some restrictions or limitations more or less. This paper presents a new methodology for estimating vehicular queue length at signalized intersections using multi-source detection data under both undersaturated and oversaturated conditions. The methodology applies the shockwave theory to model queue dynamics. Using data from probe vehicles and point detectors, analytical formulations for calculating the maximum and minimum (residual) queue lengths of each cycle are developed. Ground truth data were collected from numerical experiments conducted at two intersections in Shanghai, China, to verify the proposed methodology. It is found that the methodology has mean absolute percentage errors of 17.09% and 12.28%, respectively, for maximum queue length estimation in two tests, which are reasonably effective. However, the methodology is unsatisfactory in estimating the residual queue length. Other limitations of the proposed models and algorithms are also discussed in the paper. 相似文献
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Real-time queue length information at signalized intersections is useful for both performance evaluation and signal optimization. Previous studies have successfully examined the use of high-resolution event-based data to estimate real-time queue lengths. Based on the identification of critical breakpoints, real-time queue lengths can be estimated by applying the commonly used shockwave model. Although breakpoints can be accurately identified using lane-by-lane detection, few studies have investigated queue length estimation using single-channel detection, which is a common detection scheme for actuated signal control. In this study, a breakpoint misidentification checking process and two input-output models (upstream-based and local-based) are proposed to address the overestimation and short queue length estimation problems of breakpoint-based models. These procedures are integrated with a typical breakpoint-based model framework and queue-over-detector identification process. The proposed framework was evaluated using field-collected event-based data along Speedway Boulevard in Tucson, Arizona. Significant improvements in maximum queue length estimates were achieved using the proposed method compared to the breakpoint-based model, with mean absolute errors of 35.7 and 105.6 ft., respectively. 相似文献
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Vehicles instrumented with Global Positioning Systems, also known as GPS probe vehicles, have become increasingly popular for collecting traffic flow data. Previous studies have explored the probe vehicle data for estimating speeds and travel time; however, there is very limited research on predicting queue dynamics from such data. In this research, a methodology was developed for identifying the lane position of the GPS-instrumented vehicles when they are standing in the queue at signalized intersections with multiple lanes, particularly in the case of unequal queue. Various supervised and unsupervised clustering methods were tested on data generated from a microsimulation model. Among the tested methods, the Optimal Bayes Rule that utilizes probability density functions estimated using bivariate statistical mixture models was found to be effective in identifying the lanes. The methodology for lane identification was tested for queue length estimation. This research confirms that the lane identification is an important step required prior to the queue length estimation. The accuracies of the models for lane identification and queue length estimation were evaluated at varying levels of demand and probe vehicle market penetrations. In general, as the market penetration increases, the accuracy improves as expected. The result shows that 40% market penetration rate is adequate to reach about 90% accuracy. 相似文献
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基于视频图像处理方法,提出了一种复式伸缩窗来实时跟踪交叉口排队车辆队尾和队头的位置变化,从而准确描述交叉口车辆排队形成和消散过程。通过检测指定区域内车辆是否存在和是否运动,分别构建跟踪排队队尾和队头的队尾伸缩窗和队头伸缩窗。描述排队首尾伸缩变化的复式伸缩窗则由这两个伸缩窗相互协作所构成。根据跟踪队尾和队头的结果,车辆排队长度和停车延迟时间等重要参数就可以轻易得到。试验结果表明本文算法能实时准确地跟踪队尾和队头的位置,能适应不同天气环境和光照变化,其准确率达到92%以上,较好地满足车辆堵塞监控和交通信号灯控制的需要。 相似文献
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城市拥堵的发生过程一般是某路段发生拥堵,然后扩散至其他路段进而形成区域拥堵.因而,如果能够在排队上溯至交叉口之前估计出路段排队长度并实施控制,就可以在一定程度上缓解拥堵.为了得到路段实时排队最远点,文中利用点信息对路段上的排队演化进行研究.从分析路段排队形成时的道路交通流运行特征入手,研究了道路交通流运行状态与固定点数据之间的映射关系,提出了分别利用单固定点信息、双固定点估计连续流形成的排队最远点.利用仿真软件对其进行验证,并研究了不同的采样间隔对算法的影响,结果表明,该算法可以在一定的采样间隔下得到较好的结果. 相似文献
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应用Vissim仿真模型研究了在不同的主辅路流量组合和交织流量比下,菱形立交出入口区间平均速度、平均最大排队长度、出口流量与出入口间距的关系.研究表明,交织区平均速度、平均最大排队长度和出口流量都随出入口间距的变化而变化.当主辅路流量和交织流量比较小时,三者随出入口间距变化较小;当主辅路流量和交织流量比较大时,三者随出入口间距变化较大.因此可以得出,当交通流量较小或出入口间距受限时,出入口间距为l00 m时比较适宜;当交通流量较大时,随交织流量比由0.2增大到0.3以上时,出入口间距应由300 m增大到450m,才能有较好的运行状态. 相似文献
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环长白山旅游公路改扩建对景观格局的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对环长白山旅游公路改扩建工程,以ETM+遥感影像为基础数据,提取公路经过区域各景观要素信息,应用景观生态学分析软件Fragstats3.3计算该公路不同距离缓冲区的景观格局指数,通过分析其变化规律,定量化地研究环长白山旅游公路改扩建对公路沿线区域景观格局的影响。结果表明,公路改扩建导致不同缓冲距离带内斑块密度、Shannon多样性指数、景观分割指数增加,蔓延度指数、最大斑块指数减小;公路改扩建前后各景观指数的变化幅度随缓冲距离的增加而减小。环长白山旅游公路改扩建加剧了路域景观格局破碎化,对景观格局影响集中表现在200 m范围以内。 相似文献