电装牌制冷机制冷剂压力异常的故障原因及排除方法

简要介绍了SR650和SFQ6880型高级旅游车装用的DBC－5185型制冷机的安全装置，分析了制冷剂高压异常和低压异常等故障的产生原因，简述了检查故障原因的具体方法和步骤，提出了各故障的排除方法。     

冷藏汽车制冷机的选择

本文详细介绍了冷藏汽车设计时选择制冷机的两种方法，即类比法和计算法。     

冷藏车制冷机的维护与检修

制冷机是冷藏车的关键组成部分,它的日常维护和保养直接关系到冷藏车车厢内的制冷效果。笔者就冷藏车制冷机的日常维护及检修进行阐述,为广大用户用车、养车提供相关参考。夏季高温天气常使冷藏车和保温车在使用中暴露出许多问题,这些与车辆保养和维护状况差有很大关系。很多冷藏车长期在高强度和超载情况下运行,又缺少正常的保养,出现各种各样的问题在所难免。     

整装待发 如何安装儿童安全座椅（之三）

上期介绍了关于婴儿型和幼儿型儿童安全座椅的安装方法。这期我们就学童型儿童安全座椅与跨年龄段儿童安全座椅的调节方法向大家做详细介绍。     

HB-3000型布氏硬度计数字化控制系统的研制

介绍了HB-3000型布氏硬度计控制系统的结构和功能,针对原系统中存在的主要问题,提出了对该型硬度计数字化控制系统的研制方法,就如何实现系统的软、硬件设计及机构动作进行了详细介绍,并给出了系统控制原理图和程序设计流程图。     

北京切诺基吉普车化油器的结构特点及调整

介绍了北京切诺基吉普车发动机装用的卡特YFA型化油器的结构特点及工作原理。同时,还详细介绍了自动阻风门电加热驱动器、自动阻风门真空驱动器、快怠速和节气门定位器等辅助装置。提出了卡特YFA型化油器在使用过程中的调整方法。     

奥托山牌H9-20型客车变速器

介绍了奥托山牌H9—20型客车变速器的结构、损坏形式和修复方法。     

更为小巧和精确的记录器

进行消毒处理时，冰箱、制冷机和培养室，或疫苗和血液制品的运输过程都需要精确监控期间的温度、湿度和电子数据。目前已有一些应用系统可以用于检测和记录这些关键的参数。[第一段]     

JTQ-A型酒感停车器

介绍了JTQ-A型酒感停车器的工作原理、电路组成和调试方法,以及使用注意事项。     

Lada2108,2109型轿车化油器

简要介绍了Lada2108、2109型轿车装用的Lada2108－1107010型化油器的新特点，详细分析了化油器的主油系、怠速油系、过渡油系、省油系、加速油系及起动油系等主要工作系统的结构，同时具体介绍了化油器的分解步骤和检查、调整的方法。     

冷藏汽车系列CAD系统的探讨

本文阐述了冷藏汽车系列计算机辅助设计的方法,分析了0.5～10t冷藏汽车CAD的主要步骤和内容;并对如何建立冷藏汽车的CAD系统和开发该系统的应用软件作了探讨。     

盾构法施工隧道个体降温防噪设备设计研究

为有效改善盾构隧道内施工人员个体作业环境,降低施工人员个体作业温度和接触噪声,通过调研、系统总结、软件建模等方法,分析隧道内高温及噪声对作业人员身心健康的影响,从设备设计依据、应具备的主要功能、关键技术参数、设计方案比选、总体方案设计、工作原理等方面对个体降温防噪设备进行设计研究,研发一种盾构法施工隧道作业环境个体防护设备。该设备由特制防护服、轻量化定位通信制冷器、降噪耳机、小型便携式电源等组成,创新性地将降温、防噪、通信及定位功能结合起来,实现个体防护设备功能的多样化和实用化,特别适用于具有作业人员少、粉尘含量低等特点的盾构法施工隧道。     

软土路基沉降预测Richards模型方法

在分析路基沉降规律和Richards曲线特征的基础上,针对常用的Gompertz、Von Bertalanffy和Logistic3种沉降预测模型的不足,基于Richards曲线的数学特征,提出将Richards模型应用于路基的沉降预测。以常用的Gompertz、VonBertalanffy和Logistic3种沉降预测模型和Richards模型进行了对比分析;并基于重复二元回归法提出了适用于路基沉降预测的四参数Richards模型。结果表明,Logistic模型、Gompertz模型和Von Bertalanffy模型为Richards模型的特例,由工程实例的预测分析证明了该模型能更好地适应实际情况的变化,适用范围更广,且预测精度更高。     

Impact de la tarification,des fréquences et des temps de transfort sur les flux ferroviares dans le Bassin parisien

We have modelled trips on the Paris basin on the basis of the SNCF long-distance surveys. This modelling allows us to test the impact of pricing, journey times and train frequencies on rail travel demand. Three models have been constructed — a generation model (which computes trip production, that is to say the distribution of trips on the basis of the zones in which rail users reside), a geographical distribution model which is used to estimate the distribution of trip production on the basis of origin and destination zone, and lastly a model choice model which computes the proportion of commuting flows which takes place by rail. In this study the generation model has been partially supplied by the surveys. The distribution model takes thetrip production data output from the generation model in order to evaluate the total of rail flow on each O-D pair. This data is then used to calibrate the modal choice model.     

摩托车车架有限元建模方法分析

对于不同摩托车车架的结构型式,相应的有限元计算模型有基于杆系结构的计算模型、基于板壳结构的计算模型及杆系、板壳混合结构的计算模型3种。杆系结构计算模型对车架实际结构简化过大,只能得到相对满意的整体结构强度和刚度;板壳结构计算模型比杆系结构计算精度高,是目前较先进的一种处理方法;对于管板组合式摩托车车架,可采用杆系和板壳组合结构进行计算。     

基于扭矩的汽油机控制模型开发及验证

开发了基于扭矩的控制模型,包括传感器信号处理模型、扭矩模型、怠速模型、节气门模型、空气系统模型、起动控制模型等。为了验证基于扭矩的控制系统,将基于扭矩的控制系统写入自主开发硬件,在发动机台架上进行了测试。结果表明发动机起动迅速,起动时间在3 s以内。怠速转速稳定,怠速转速波动在±10 r/min以内。进怠速和出怠速时过渡平滑。瞬态工况过渡平滑,发动机最高转速运转稳定。基于扭矩控制模型扭矩控制精度在5%以内。试验结果表明自主开发的系统控制功能基本完备,能较好地满足扭矩控制要求。     

High fidelity quasi steady-state aerodynamic model effects on race vehicle performance predictions using multi-body simulation

We described in this paper the development of a high fidelity vehicle aerodynamic model to fit wind tunnel test data over a wide range of vehicle orientations. We also present a comparison between the effects of this proposed model and a conventional quasi steady-state aerodynamic model on race vehicle simulation results. This is done by implementing both of these models independently in multi-body quasi steady-state simulations to determine the effects of the high fidelity aerodynamic model on race vehicle performance metrics. The quasi steady state vehicle simulation is developed with a multi-body NASCAR Truck vehicle model, and simulations are conducted for three different types of NASCAR race tracks, a short track, a one and a half mile intermediate track, and a higher speed, two mile intermediate race track. For each track simulation, the effects of the aerodynamic model on handling, maximum corner speed, and drive force metrics are analysed. The accuracy of the high-fidelity model is shown to reduce the aerodynamic model error relative to the conventional aerodynamic model, and the increased accuracy of the high fidelity aerodynamic model is found to have realisable effects on the performance metric predictions on the intermediate tracks resulting from the quasi steady-state simulation.     

New Model of Tire Overturning Moment Characteristics and Analysis of Their Influence on Vehicle Rollover Behavior

A newly developed tire model for the Overturning Moment (OTM) characteristics and the analysis of the influence of OTM on vehicle rollover behavior are presented. The new OTM model was developed based on the so-called Magic Formula tire model. The concept of the new model involves identifying the difference between the simple model and the measurements to the newly defined functions. It was seen that the new model agrees very well with the measured data over a wide range of tire vertical loads, slip angles and camber angles. The influence of tire OTM on the vehicle rollover behavior was also investigated by using a full vehicle simulation in which a rather large steering angle was input. The results obtained from the vehicle simulation with three different tire models (model without OTM, simple model and new model) were compared with the experimental results. It was found that the calculated result obtained with the new OTM model agreed best with the experiment.     

轮胎胎面特性对侧偏模型预测精度影响分析

胎面花纹是影响轮胎性能的重要因素。文中以模态参数模型的稳态侧偏模型为基础，从理论推导和实际计算两方面说明胎而花纹刚度的重要性，其对侧偏模型计算结果的影响要大大高于对垂直模型的影响。因此，在确定轮胎解析模型中胎面花纹参数时应首先考虑其对侧偏模型的影响。     

土体水分蒸发速率计算模型研究进展

土体水分蒸发速率的计算对于估算水分的损失、设计尾矿土体覆盖层、垃圾填埋场的选址等方面具有重大的影响。在查阅大量文献的基础上，系统地阐述了水量平衡模型、能量平衡模型、质量传输模型、阻力模型、耦合模型、三温模型、吸力模型等的特点和适用范围，以及问题和展望。