V型发动机冷却水套改进及三维数值模拟分析

为了提高某V型发动机冷却性能,对该机原冷却水套模型结构分5个阶段进行了改进,包括加大左右侧排气端气缸垫通道面积,增加气缸盖和气缸体水套通道,开通气缸盖水套排气侧中间断口。利用Ricardo三维流体软件VECTIS对原水套和每阶段改进水套进行了三维数值模拟计算,并进行了比较分析。结果表明,最终改进后的水套流动性能比原水套有明显的改善。     

基于CFD技术的增压发动机冷却水套性能分析

由于某2.0L汽油发动机需要提升动力性,计划在原自然吸气发动机的基础上增加涡轮增压器,需要对冷却水套的换热性能进行CFD仿真计算。经过分析发现,原发动机冷却水套无法满足增压发动机的换热需求,需对缸垫排气侧水孔和缸盖排气门鼻梁区右侧水套进行改进。     

KM48天然气发动机水套的仿真与改进

KM48天然气发动机是在原重型柴油机平台上开发的,由于燃烧温度升高,热负荷增加,原机水套有可能不能满足冷却要求。据此,利用FLUENT软件对其冷却水套进行仿真和改进。结果表明,缸盖排气门侧的三角鼻梁区的冷却液流速仅为0.5~2m/s,不能满足冷却要求。为此提出了两种改善缸盖鼻梁区冷却效果的结构方案,仿真结果表明,在缸盖水套的排气门侧加一个面积为199mm2的上通道时,冷却液的流速可提高到2~2.5m/s,满足冷却要求。     

CA498型车用柴油机冷却水套的CFD分析

应用FLUENT软件对CA498型车用柴油机冷却水套进行了模拟，对短缸体水套3种改进设计方案进行了CFD分析，通过对3种改进方案的缸体水套内流场、机油冷却水腔内流场及水套内压力损失的比较，确定了最终满足冷却要求的CA498短缸体水套的结构方案。     

分体冷却式柴油机缸盖水套的CFD分析

利用CFD技术对一高速柴油机缸盖水套进行了分析。介绍了缸盖水套结构调整的基本原则及其计算网格的选取方法，并对3种方案的缸盖冷却流场进行了分析。指出，进一步减小沿进气道侧两缸相邻区域连接截面的面积，可以显著减少沿该侧的冷却液流量，增加沿着排气道侧和喷油器侧的冷却液流量。如在缸盖底部排气门侧加导流盘结构，其冷却效果更好。     

新一代2.0L4缸汽油机冷却系统的开发

为满足日益严格的全球燃油经济性要求,流量主动控制、缸间钻孔和快速加热等各种先进的发动机冷却技术得以应用。韩国现代汽车公司最近开发了新一代2.0L4缸汽油机,采用了几种新的冷却系统技术。从概念设计阶段到预生产阶段,总结了三维计算机辅助工程(CAE)分析在发动机冷却性能评价中的应用。对缸盖和缸体水套中的冷却液流动进行了研究,找出了最佳方案,并通过优化缸垫孔对其进行了进一步的改进。在制造首台试验发动机之前,进行了三维温度模拟,以满足工程样机阶段的开发标准。为降低发动机温度或提高生产率,在新开发的发动机上研究并实施了一些水套的设计,如快速加热的缸体水套隔板、集成EGR 冷却器的缸体、集成排气歧管的缸盖等。这些设计在试验阶段呈现了良好的效果。采用了三维热流CAE分析,对各系统进行了详细的物理现象研究,并提出了解决方案。结果表明,新一代发动机的冷却系统具有足够的热稳定性。     

发动机冷却水套内三维流动的数值模拟研究

应用FIRE软件对某一发动机冷却水套进行了三维数值模拟，得到了冷却液流场速率、换热系数分布、压力损失以及流量分布等流场信息。从计算结果中发现，该发动机缸体水套的第2缸、第3缸等区域存在流动死区．水套进、排气侧流量分布相差较大．整体水套压力损失与同类机型相比偏小等不合理的流动现象，是导致其第2缸、第3缸“拉缸”的主要原因。最后提出了相应的解决方案。     

轿车发动机冷却水套流动与传热CFD计算分析

通过UG软件对某汽油机冷却水套建立三维模型,利用计算流体力学软件FLUENT分析发动机内部冷却水的流场分布、换热系数分布以及压力损失,同时对该发动机的冷却水套提出了优化方案并对其计算结果与原方案进行了对比分析。原发动机冷却水套的流动传热计算表明:缸盖进气侧冷却水流动较均匀,3缸和4缸缸体冷却水套排气侧冷却能力较差,1缸和2缸缸盖冷却水套排气侧冷却能力较差,通过改进前后换热系数比较,说明改进后的发动机冷却水套的换热能力优于原发动机冷却水套。     

柴油机缸盖水套冷却流场的LDV试验研究

采用激光多普勒测速仪(LDV)对某柴油机缸盖水套内的流场分布状况进行了测量,测试结果与CFD计算结果具有较好的一致性。LDV测试和CFD仿真结果表明,在该缸盖水套两排气门之间的鼻梁区具有较好的流动分布,最大流速在1m/s以上;而在两对进、排气门之间的鼻梁区冷却液流速较低,最大流速仍低于0.5m/s,不利于该区域的换热。因此,需要对该款缸盖水套进行结构优化设计,以提高缸盖水套的整体换热效率。     

降低摩托车排气噪声的试验研究

排气噪声是摩托车最主要噪声源之一，对某１２５摩托车进行了整车噪声评价声源识别、对其不带消声器而带空管的发动机排气噪声进行了频谱分析并对消声器消声性能做过改进试验和分析计算，结果表明，该摩托车主要噪声源仍为排气噪声；改进的 声 消声效果优于原消声器消声效果。     

高压共轨柴油机高海拔热平衡模拟试验研究

在内燃机高海拔（低气压）模拟试验台上,对某高压共轨柴油机进行了模拟高原环境的热平衡试验,研究了海拔高度和冷却液温度对柴油机整机热流量分配的影响。结果表明：随着海拔的升高,转化为有效功的热量以及排气带走的热量逐渐下降,冷却液散热量逐渐增大,其他热量损失大幅增加;在相同海拔下,随着冷却液温度的升高,转化为有效功的热量和排气带走的热量逐渐增加,冷却液带走的热量大幅下降,其他热量损失明显增大;当海拔大于3000 m 后各项热流量分配的增幅或降幅变化更加明显。     

Viable combined cycle design for automotive applications

A relatively new approach for improving fuel economy and automotive engine performance involves the use of automotive combined cycle generation technologies. The combined cycle generation, a process widely used in existing power plants, has become a viable option for automotive applications due to advances in materials science, nanotechnology, and MEMS (Mico-Electro Mechanical Systems) devices. The waste heat generated from automotive engine exhaust and coolant is a feasible heat source for a combined cycle generation system, which is basically a Rankine cycle in the context of this study. However, there are still numerous technical issues that need to be solved before the technology can be implemented in automobiles. A simulation was performed to examine the amount of waste energy that could be recovered through the use of a combined cycle system. A simulation model of the Rankine cycle was developed using Cycle-Tempo software. The simulation model was ultimately used to evaluate the rate of waste heat recovery and the consequential increase in the overall thermal efficiency of the engine with the combined cycle generation system under typical engine operating conditions. The most effective automotive combined cycle system recovered 68% of the waste heat from the exhaust and coolant, resulting in a 6% improvement in engine efficiency. The results are expected to be beneficial for evaluating the feasibility of combined cycle generation systems in automotive applications.     

提高车用发动机能量利用率研究进展

描述了近几年车用汽油机发展的几种新技术,包括GDI和HCCI燃烧技术以及混合动力技术的应用和发展,分析了它们的特点和在节能、环保等方面的作用。介绍了利用发动机排气余热的温差发电技术。论述了利用发动机冷却水余热和排气余热来改善发动机性能的新技术,该技术通过一套发动机后接蒸气动力装置,回收发动机余热能量做功,从而提高发动机能量利用率。探讨了这一新技术的研究内容,展望了它的应用发展前景。     

Active coolant control strategies in automotive engines

The coolant flow rate in conventional cooling systems in automotive engines is subject to the mechanical water pump speed, and high efficiency in terms of fuel economy and exhaust emission is not possible given this limitation. A new technology must be developed for engine cooling systems. The electronic water pump is used as a substitute for the mechanical water pump in new engine cooling systems. The new cooling system provides more flexible control of the coolant flow rate and engine temperature, which previously relied strongly on engine driving conditions such as load and speed. In this study, the feasibility of two new cooling strategies was investigated using a simulation model that was validated with temperatures measured in a diesel engine. Results revealed that active coolant control using an electronic water pump and valves substantially contributed to a reduction of coolant warm-up time during cold engine starts. Harmful emissions and fuel consumption are expected to decrease as a result of a reduction in warm-up time.     

基于冷却液温度的内燃机能量流试验研究

内燃机能量流试验是评估不同控制策略下内燃机能耗和指明其改善方向的重要方法。通过试验对1台涡轮增压缸内直喷汽油机进行了基于冷却液温度的能量平衡分析,基于热力学定律,将能量平衡项分为有效功、冷却液损失、排气损失和通过辐射传热产生的未计入热损失。结果表明:小负荷时,随着冷却液温度的升高,燃油消耗率略有下降,NO_x排放量增加;全工况下,HC排放量随着冷却液温度的升高而减少,CO和CO_2排放量变化不大;有效功占比和排气损失占比随负荷的增大而增大,几乎不受冷却液温度的影响;冷却液损失占比随冷却液温度的升高而减小。     

SY492Q—1型发动机燃用90号汽油的性能试验研究

ＳＹ４９２Ｑ－１型发动机（１３０系列和２１２５系列汽车的配套动力）原机燃用７０号（马达法）汽油。采用正交试验法，对该机燃用９０号（研究法）汽油时的压缩比，比油器主要孔及点火提前角等进行了优选试验，并与原机的动力性，经济性和排放进行了对比分析。     

Integration of a single cylinder engine model and a boost system model for efficient numerical mapping of engine performance and fuel consumption

A numerical engine mapping methodology is proposed for the engine performance and fuel consumption map generation. An integrated model is developed by coupling a single cylinder GT-Power® engine model with a MATLAB/ Simulink® based boost system model to simulate a turbocharged diesel engine over the entire engine operating speed and load ranges within reasonable computational constraints. A single cylinder engine model with the built-in multi-zone combustion modeling option in GT-Power® is configured as a predictive engine model. The cycle averaged simulation result from the engine model is used as the boundary conditions of the boost system including intake and exhaust manifolds and a turbocharger. The boost system model developed in MATLAB/Simulink® platform calculates the intake and exhaust conditions which are fed back to the engine model. The integrated system model predicts the performance and fuel consumption of a turbocharged diesel engine with better predictive capability than mean value engine models. Its computational time is fast enough to simulate the engine over the entire engine operation range compared to multi-cylinder engine models.