Key technology of ship product data exchange based on STEP

In this paper, in order to implement the share and exchange of the ship product data, a new kind of global function model is established. By researching on the development and trend of the application of ship STEP （ standard for the exchange of product model data） standards, the AIM （application interpreted model） of AP216 is developed and improved as an example, aiming at the characteristics and practical engineering of ship industry in our country. The data exchange interfaces are formed based on STEP in the CAD/CAM for the ship by all function modules and shared databases under the global function model. The share and exchange of all information and data are solved in the design, manufacture and all life-cycle of ship products among different computer application systems. The research work makes foundation for the ship industry informatization.     

超大型集装箱船特殊布置结构直接建模计算评估法

目前国内外大量的关于集装箱结构的研究大多集中于如何优化性能,整船波浪载荷预报和整船结构分析,但对超大型集装箱船的特殊布置结构研究甚少,重油舱布置于船中区域就是特殊布置结构的一例。根据某在建10000 TEU集装箱船的相关数据,对布置于船中区域重油舱直接独立建模计算,确定载荷、工况,并对重油舱结构进行应力分析与评估。该方法可为超大型集装箱船特殊布置的结构设计和计算评估提供相应的技术支持与参考。     

核发电船堆舱破损状态极限强度分析

对于核发电船而言,考虑到核反应堆的安全性问题,船体结构即使发生破坏,也要保证整体的强度,所以有必要针对破损后的船体梁进行极限强度分析。在船体剩余极限强度分析中,核反应堆舱所处舱段的极限承载能力是整个核发电船极限强度分析的关键。文章研究的重点集中在核反应堆舱段,在该舱段选取危险剖面进行剩余极限强度分析。同时,采用中和轴偏转的Smith方法对反应堆舱段进行破损船体极限强度计算,并结合HCSR规范对其进行评估。根据该核电船作业海域的海况资料,对其遭遇的波浪载荷进行长期极值预报,进而得出该船破损情况下的设计极限弯矩。结果表明,该船的设计极限弯矩满足规范中的要求,为基于规范的特定海域中的特定船型剩余强度评估提供参考。     

基于STEP的船舶产品数据交换技术

为实现船舶产品数据交换与共享,建立了一种新的总体功能模型.通过研究船舶STEP标准的应用与发展的趋势,以AP216为例开发与完善了船舶应用协议的应用解释模型(AIM);在总体功能模型中通过各个功能模块与基于STEP的共享数据库建立了在船舶CAD/CAM等系统上基于STEP的数据交换接口;解决了计算机应用系统之间关于船舶产品设计、制造以及全部生命周期所需的信息和数据的交换与共享.     

The vertical disintegration of ship management: choice criteria for third party selection and evaluation

An assessment of the rationale for the vertical disintegration of ship management suggests that there might be compelling economic benefits for the separation of ownership from management. In this context, as a means for developing effective marketing strategies, it is important for ship managers to know the criteria used by current and prospective clients for ship manager selection and evaluation. The aim of this paper is to empirically identify the dimensions for ship manager selection and performance evaluation and their relative importance and to discuss the implications for marketing emanating from such an assessment. The methodology adopted includes the collection of secondary and primary data, both from ship managers and their clients, using interviews and a mail survey. The results indicate the prevailing importance of certain dimensions in selection (e.g. technical ability, reputation, competency) and evaluation (responsiveness, trustworthiness, technical ability), whereas it also found that price alone is not perceived to be as important in ship manager selection. It is concluded that placing emphasis on such dimensions in the formulation of a marketing strategy will contribute towards the attraction and retention of clients, whereas cost-cutting measures to allow price reduction, as well as advertising, will be ineffective over the long term.     

液化石油气船疲劳强度校核方法

提出了改进的ＦＡＳＳ（Ｆａｔｉｇｕｅ Ａｓｓｅｓｓｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ Ｓｈｉｐ Ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓ）评估系统,使之适用于液化石油ＬＰＧ,Ｌｉｑｕｉｆｉｅｄ Ｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍ Ｇａｓ）船船体结构的疲劳寿命校核。该系统从疲劳分析的基本原理出发,以疲劳累积损伤度公式为理论基础,可对船体结构进行疲劳寿命校核。通过对１６５００ｍ＾３ＬＰＧ船的验算,表明改进后的方法能有效评估ＬＰＧ船舶体结构的疲劳寿命。     

The vertical disintegration of ship management: choice criteria for third party selection and evaluation

An assessment of the rationale for the vertical disintegration of ship management suggests that there might be compelling economic benefits for the separation of ownership from management. In this context, as a means for developing effective marketing strategies, it is important for ship managers to know the criteria used by current and prospective clients for ship manager selection and evaluation. The aim of this paper is to empirically identify the dimensions for ship manager selection and performance evaluation and their relative importance and to discuss the implications for marketing emanating from such an assessment. The methodology adopted includes the collection of secondary and primary data, both from ship managers and their clients, using interviews and a mail survey. The results indicate the prevailing importance of certain dimensions in selection (e.g. technical ability, reputation, competency) and evaluation (responsiveness, trustworthiness, technical ability), whereas it also found that price alone is not perceived to be as important in ship manager selection. It is concluded that placing emphasis on such dimensions in the formulation of a marketing strategy will contribute towards the attraction and retention of clients, whereas cost-cutting measures to allow price reduction, as well as advertising, will be ineffective over the long term.     

基于XML的船体结构CAD数据交换研究

分析了XML技术在船体结构数据信息交换应用中的特点,归纳了船体结构在计算机里的数据表达形式,并建立了相应的XML Schema.分别为船体结构设计软件CATIA和Intelliship设计了XML交换接口,基于XML文件格式,实现了不同CAD系统之间的船体结构数据交换.     

高性能船性能综合评估方法研究

为了在高性能船推广应用时按任务需求选择综合性能最优的船型,开展了高性能船性能综合评估方法研究。基于层次分析法和多属性效用理论,首先按照指标体系的构建原则选定高性能船性能评价的指标,构建指标体系层次结构,然后建立高性能船性能综合评估方法,并对一船型平台选型实例进行计算分析。研究表明,所建立的性能综合评估方法可以为高性能船应用中的选型决策提供技术支撑。     

船舶典型节点疲劳强度试验及S-N曲线拟合方法研究

疲劳评估的关键问题是S-N曲线的选取,对于某些结构复杂的大型船舶特有的结构形式,现有规范没有合适的S-N曲线.为了更合理准确地进行结构疲劳强度研究,本文选取某型具有复杂结构的船舶,用实尺度模型试验的方法研究几种典型节点的S-N曲线特性.通过全船有限元谱分析疲劳强度计算,筛选出疲劳问题重点关注区域,确定模型试验部位;根据疲劳问题严重区域的实船结构,设计加工典型节点实尺度疲劳试验模型;确定多个加载工况,进行典型节点疲劳强度试验,获取典型节点多种载荷工况下的疲劳寿命值,在此基础上,研究得到各节点S-N曲线及P-S-N曲线;应用试验所得P-S-N曲线,对船体典型节点部位进行疲劳强度评估,并与规范S-N曲线结果进行了对比,指出了它们的差异.     

三体船横摇惯性半径的估算方法研究

三体船的研究与应用极大地推进了高速船舶的发展.对三体船耐波性研究的重要工作内容之一是确定其横摇惯性半径,以计算船舶的横摇周期等.由于三体船的特殊结构,横摇惯性半径的确定方法与单体船型有所不同.在三体梁简化模型的基础上,通过对计算结果的拟合与修正,找到了三体船横摇惯性半径计算的相关参数,得出三体船惯性半径的估算公式,并通...     

Towards a short time “feature-based costing” for ship design

Cost is perhaps the most influential factor in the outcome of a product or service within many of today’s industries. Cost assessment during the early stage of ship design is crucial. It influences the go, no-go decision concerning a new development. Cost assessment occurs at various stages of ship design development. Economic evaluation as early as possible, in the design phase, is therefore vital to find the best pricefunction compromise for the ship projects. The authors have developed a feature-based costing model for cost effectiveness measurements intended to be used by ship designers for the real time control of cost process. The outcome is that corrective actions can be taken by management in a rather short time to actually improve or overcome predicted unfavourable performance.     

大型船舶结构的疲劳强度校核方法

传统的船舶结构疲劳强度校核一般只考虑高周疲劳而忽略了低周疲劳。随着船舶结构向大型化发展以及最近海损事故的发生,低周疲劳问题引起了船舶行业的广泛关注。Urm等人于2004年对装卸载引起的油轮船体结构的低周疲劳问题进行了研究,并给出了计算方法,但具体的计算结果没有给出,许多问题没有解决,因此有必要对船舶结构低周疲劳的原因及校核方法进行深入的研究。针对这一问题,首先分析了引起船舶结构低周疲劳的原因;其次,对现有的S-N曲线外推得到低寿命区S-N曲线的可行性进行了分析,并将外推得到的低寿命区段曲线和经过试验验证的低周疲劳寿命曲线进行了比较;最后分析了波浪载荷等引起的小幅疲劳载荷以及满载和压载引起的大幅疲劳载荷导致的疲劳损伤的相互作用,从而提出了一种非线性累积计算模型。     

实用船舶结构疲劳评估方法概要

船舶结构的疲劳评估是船舶力学的主要研究领域之一。本文对常用的船舶结构疲劳评估方法——船级社提出的简化方法、谱分析法、设计波法、断裂力学方法,以及概率S-N曲线和概率断裂力学方法进行了概述。首先分别对每种方法中的关键技术细节进行了较为详细的论述,给出了这些技术细节当前的处理方法及存在的主要问题。最后,对各方法进行了总结和概括,指出了每种方法的优缺点,并给出了每种方法未来的研究重点和发展方向。     

T型焊接接头疲劳性能研究

T型焊接接头在船舶与海洋工程结构中广泛应用,研究T型焊接接头的疲劳性能对于提高船舶与海洋工程结构的强度具有重要意义.针对工程中常用的四种焊趾形式的T型焊接接头,利用有限元计算和模型试验两种方法对其疲劳性能进行了研究.结果表明,平面型焊趾是较优的T型接头焊趾形式.     

基于CBM的船舶设备健康管理系统

结合分析基于CBM的船舶设备健康管理系统及其国内外研究现状,设计了系统实施流程、技术和功能架构；通过开展状态监控技术、综合诊断技术以及健康评估技术的研究,进行综合状态评估，实现船舶设备健康管理。最后,从数据采集、状态评估、性能预测和维修决策支持等方面对实现系统的关键技术进行论述。基于CBM的船舶设备健康管理系统实现了对船舶设备健康状态及趋势的实时知悉,并对使用、维修活动的决策提供了辅助支持功能,从而降低设备维修费用,提高船舶设备使用效能。     

深海耐压结构健康监测实时安全评估方法和试验验证

文中提出了一种可直接用于深海耐压结构健康监测系统的结构强度安全性评估算法,该算法基于实时监测数据、结构基准状态和系统测量误差,与常规方法相比不需要建立监测对象结构模型.研究出的结构安全性实时评估方法在耐压结构模型压力筒破坏试验中进行了验证,结果表明,结构健康监测系统在耐压结构破坏前发出了报警信息,与常规基于模型的结构安全性评估方法相比,报警压力值提高了0.76 MPa,对深海耐压结构的使用具有重要的工程价值.     

Study on shell–solid coupling FE analysis for fatigue assessment of ship structure

A simple, robust and high-precision method for shell–solid coupling has been demonstrated. The coupling is achieved by a fictitious shell plane perpendicular to the original shell plane. The guidelines for this coupling technique for ship structural analysis are established by examining the local stress of the stool-like welded joint models. The surface stresses in the vicinity of the weld of a small corner joint model and a large ship structure model calculated by the proposed technique are in good agreement with those obtained from the multipoint constraint-based coupling models and the strain measurements. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed technique in the local approach fatigue assessment of actual ship structures.     

Consistency in the development of performance assessment methods in the maritime domain

The maritime industry is considered to be a backbone of the global economy. It is therefore imperative to ensure that maritime operations run safely and efficiently. Assessment of maritime performance is necessary for designers and engineers to be able to pinpoint the weakest links in the system and make impactful system improvements. The current article presents a systematic quantitative literature review of research on performance assessment in the maritime industry with the goal of establishing an understanding of accuracy and consistency in the development of methods used to assess performance. The review focuses on four major segments within the industry—port logistics, ship handling, safety and environmental research—and investigates their uses in developing accurate and consistent performance assessment methods. After the completion of an exclusion process, 62 articles published in a wide range of academic journals were used in the analysis. Two important conclusions were drawn from the analysis. First, performance assessment is generally consistent throughout the maritime industry; most papers used accurate and consistent approaches to develop the methods (n?=?43). A subsequent bivariate analysis revealed a call for increased attention to the development of assessment methods within the maritime segment of ship handling. The current study suggests and discusses certain directions with regard to assessment research in the maritime industry.     

小水面双体船结构优化分析

分析某型号小水线面双体船在2种航态下的结构强度问题,并在此基础上实现该船体结构的优化,以达到提高结构总体性能,减小结构重量并降低结构重心之目的.在研究中,根据 CCS 规范计算双体船结构的外载荷,并用有限元法进行结构强度分析.最后,通过集成多学科优化平台,以遗传算法为搜索策略,同时对2种航态下的船体结构进行优化.数值计算表明,优化结果具有可行性,可为现实设计提供参考.