Improving the validity and reliability of authentic assessment in seafarer education and training: a conceptual and practical framework to enhance resulting assessment outcomes

Past literature on authentic assessment suggests that it provides a far more reliable and valid indicator of outcomes such as higher student engagement, ability to transfer skills to different contexts, multiple evidence of competence, and student performance. This has appeal in seafarer education and training where both students and employers increasingly perceive traditional assessment methods as failing to consistently generate these outcomes. However, this paper argues that improving different aspects of assessment validity and reliability is essentially required to enhance the outcomes identified above. The paper builds on and extends previous work to investigate and develop a conceptual and practical framework that promotes a holistic approach to authentic assessment that provides greater assurances of validity and reliability throughout all stages of assessment within seafarer programs. It also lays the path to future research directions by establishing the agenda to test the practicality of the framework in the authentic assessment of seafarer students and also investigate the impact of students’ perception of increasing authenticity on performance scores in assessment tasks.     

完善我国海员证书体系的相关策略

文中介绍了STCW公约马尼拉修正案框架下船员证书体系,指出了STCW公约及其修正案的生效对我国船员证书体系的影响,提出了完善我国船员证书体系的相关建议,可为我国开展STCW公约马尼拉修正案的履约工作提供有益的参考和借鉴。     

Model course to revalidate deck officers’ competences using simulators

In accordance with Part A, Chapter I, Section I/11 Revalidation of Certificates of the Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) 2010 Convention, continued evaluation of professional competence shall be established, among others, by successfully completing an approved training course or courses. Every master, officer and radio operator holding a certificate issued or recognised under any chapter of the convention other than chapter VI, who is serving at sea or intends to return to sea after a period ashore, shall be required, at intervals not exceeding 5 years, to demonstrate continued professional competence, in order to continue to qualify for seagoing service. The main objective of this research is to design a model course using simulation technology to train and demonstrate seafarers’ competence in accordance with the provisions of STCW Code for existing seafarers who need to revalidate their professional maritime certificates also in accordance with the standards governing the use of simulators, Reg I/12 of 2010 STCW Code. The purpose of this revalidation simulation-based model course is to assist maritime training institutes and their teaching staff in organising and introducing specific training courses for revalidation of certificates of competence (CoCs) as well as enhancing, updating or supplementing existing training material where the quality and effectiveness of the training courses may thereby be improved. Only those STCW competences relating to ship bridge simulators will be considered for the model course scenario development and testing.     

如何加强船员培训管理

文中分析了经修订的STCW公约及规则对我国船员培训管理的影响,提出了加强我国船员教育培训的相关建议和设想。     

船员适任性多层次灰色综合评价研究

为了定量评价船员的适任能力,依据胜任力绩效评价理论建立了4个层次的船员适任性评价指标体系,运用层次分析法确定了各评价指标的权重,利用灰色评价理论构建了船员适任性多层次灰色评价模型。它将评价者的分散信息处理成一个描述不同灰类程度的权向量,再对其进行单值化处理,得到受评者的评价值,可以定量区别船员的实际适任能力,并能分析各评价指标所属的灰类分布情况,通过对模型的实例验证,充分表明其科学性和合理性。模型的建立对于船员的甄选和业绩考核,完善船公司薪酬制度和激励机制,改进船员管理模式,保证海上航行安全,具有十分重要的现实意义。     

谈船员休息时间的PSC检查

STCW公约和MLC2006公约都为保证船员足够的休息时间提出了明确的要求,以保证船舶安全运营。文中介绍了STCW公约和MLC2006公约对船员休息时间的要求,提出了检查重点和方法,旨在为PSCO开展检查提供指导,亦为航运公司应对即将开始的关于船员休息时间的CIC检查提供建议。     

我国液货船海员特殊培训的思考

文中介绍了液货船员特殊培训的现状,指出了STCW公约马尼拉修正案生效后对我国液货船员特殊培训项目和证书的影响,以期为我国液货船海员开展履约工作提供参考。     

新版海船船员证书简介

文中介绍了基于STCW公约马尼拉修正案框架下的新版海员证书,就"98版证书"与新版证书进行比对分析,介绍了新版证书的特点,为了解、熟悉该证书提供参考。     

Vocational and academic approaches to maritime education and training (MET): Trends,challenges and opportunities

Traditional seafarer training has always focused on the acquisition and use of practical skills. The prevailing view is that, while this approach addresses a degree of cognitive skills, it focuses on and gives much more emphasis to the acquisition of hands-on practical skills for the performance of specific tasks. On the other hand, academic education has been seen to be much more focused on the development of in-depth analytical and critical thinking skills; cognitive skills that are less reliant on hands-on task-oriented training, but stress critical reading and discussion. The global trend in maritime education and training is increasingly to link an essentially vocational education that provides specific and restricted competence outcomes with more general or deeper academic components leading to an academic qualification. This trend has led to some dilemmas for curriculum development, for training legislation in a global industry, and for achieving desired learning outcomes in a professional setting (in the shipping industry). This paper discusses some of the challenges arising from this trend and the opportunities the trend offers.     

信息化在提升船员培训质量方面的运用

文中对船员培训过程监管及如何提升船员培训质量和控制方面进行了研究,分析了影响船员培训质量的要素,提出了推进船员培训全过程信息化管理的相关建议。     

STCW马尼拉修正案生效后船员休息时间的PSC检查

STCW公约马尼拉修正案即将于2012年1月1日生效,并将对PSC检查产生重大影响。文中以船员休息时间的PSC检查为切入点,总结了STCW公约以及ILO相关公约对船员休息时间的要求及修正,分析了相关滞留案例与检查要点,为STCW公约马尼拉修正案生效后船员体息时间的PSC检查提供了参考。     

深化船员培训、考试体制改革 提高船员综合素质

文中指出了《中华人民共和国船员培训管理规则》(交通运输部2009年10号令)为我国船员培训体制的改革奠定了基础,分析了我国目前船员培训、监管和考评体系改革的必要性,并通过对英国的职业教育模式和美国、菲律宾的船员考试监管模式的分析,提出了我国船员培训体制改革的新构想和船员考试、评估模式改革的新思路。     

STCW78/10公约对航海技术专业人才培养的影响及对策

在概述STCW78/10公约对航海技术专业人才培养产生较大影响的基础上,本文介绍了我国履约的准备情况,提出航海技术专业人才培养应从培养模式、培养途径、培养规格、课程体系和教学手段与方法五个方面进行调整和改革的措施,以应对公约修改对航海人才培养的影响.     

基于层次分析-模糊综合评价的海员能力评估模型

针对当前沿海和远洋航运企业在海员能力评估方面主观性较强且评估结果较为滞后,相关信息系统的基础数据和评估数据无法得到持续有效利用的问题,通过分析海员能力评估项的构成,采用层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)和模糊集理论建立动态能力评估模型。基于该模型,通过引入信息系统相关数据,提高评估标准的持续性、科学性和可操作性。     

事故责任海员任职资格终止方式探析

从分析船员任职资格终止的常见方式及其差异入手,就《中华人民共和国海船船员适任考试和发证规则》实施后,应如何按照规定加强对事故责任海员适任能力的跟踪考核,特别是对适任能力考核结果表明船员不再符合适任条件的海员任职资格终止应如何定性进行了分析阐述,并结合船员管理工作实际,对具体操作问题给出了合理建议     

航运安全文化建设初探

探讨了航运安全文化的起源和发展,介绍了ISM规则、STCW 95公约和PSC检查在航运安全文化建设中的里程碑作用和航运安全文化的观念碰撞,提出了航运安全文化的适用范围、航运安全文化的理念和安全共建的方案。     

STCW公约对救助船员培训的影响与应用

文中介绍了STCW公约马尼拉修正案产生的背景及修正内容,提出了履行公约对救助船员培训的相关影响及应用。     

Towards safety improvement: implementation and assessment of new standards of competence for Electro-Technical Officers on ships

The paper deals with education of ship engineers as an integral part of maritime policy in global shipping. The central problem, how to reconcile technological advancement with training en route to improving safety, is defined. A complete conceptual model for solving a central question is formulated and described. At the beginning, a short analysis of technological advances and the need for training is presented. Next, the basic components of conceptual model, including implementation and assessment of new standards of competences for Electro-Technical Officers in the wake of Maritime Education and Training (MET) development are discussed. A key point of the assessment procedure is focused on the formulation of criterion defining the impact of new standards on the given processes characterizing a professional carrier development of seafarers. These processes, which mean certification process and recruitment of candidates to seafarer profession, are strongly linked with and influenced on MET development and improving the safety of shipping. Empirical application by pointing the Polish case study to the framework of conceptual model under consideration is shown and analysed. Finally, the future works as well as the concluding remarks are formulated and commented on.     

基于 MLC 2006履约完善我国船员社会保险制度

文中介绍了《2006年海事劳工公约》关于船员的社会保障条款,并分析了我国船员社会保险缴纳的现状,提出了通过加强船员劳动合同的监管,加大船员劳动保障现场监管力度等办法,进一步完善我国船员社会保险制度。