共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
针对列车制动过程存在的复杂性、非线性、时变性、不确定性等因素,通过分析影响建立BP神经网络模型的主要因素,建立了用于列车制动控制的BP神经网络模型。以货物列车为仿真对象,在Matlab环境中进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,该方法控制安全性好、停车误差小,基于BP神经网络的智能算法运用于列车制动控制是可行的。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
半挂汽车列车制动性能仿真计算 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
在分析半挂汽车列车结构特点及使用条件的前提下,对其制动系统的性能进行了仿真设计,并借助被利用附着系数法预测了该车的使用性能及制动稳定性. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
为了预先掌握多轴轮式工程机械制动性能,指导制动系统设计,以某四轴轮式工程机械为对象,考虑了地面附着条件、质心位置、制动产生的轴荷转移等因素,进行了制动性能仿真研究。通过车轮坐标系与整车坐标系映射关系,对悬挂和车轮的小变形作线性假设,建立了整机在制动稳定极限状态下的动力学模型,利用MATLAB/Simulink分析附着系数、质心相对位置、制动初速度对制动距离的影响,并将仿真结果与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明:仿真结果与试验结果吻合良好;随地面附着系数和质心距离第Ⅰ轴中心线位置的增加,整车制动距离减小;随制动初速度和质心距离地面高度的提高,整车制动距离增加;相对静止状态,制动过程中第Ⅰ轴和第Ⅳ轴轴荷变化最显著。 相似文献
10.
11.
变频车、砂浆车、渣车及管片车是盾构施工中常用的工矿编组列车。为了解决传统的工矿编组列车单气路制动控制系统在启停时存在延时、不能无级调节刹车力等问题,对传统的工矿编组列车气路制动控制系统进行双作用气路改造,对制动装置加装一套气压控制管路,使得机车在制动时气缸迅速排气,从而解决了延迟问题,同时也保证在制动过程中能对气缸进气压力调节,实现制动过程可控,大大提高了机车制动的可靠性,解除了工矿编组列车制动不同步带来的安全隐患。通过这个小改进,希望对盾构施工过程中存在类似问题的项目提供一些参考和借鉴。 相似文献
12.
针对重型载货汽车因气压制动系统发生管路破裂、机械故障或热衰退导致制动效能下降且不易察觉从而引发严重交通事故的问题,提出基于主成分分析降维(PCA降维)和马尔可夫模型的气压制动系统危险状态识别方法。考虑到三轴载货汽车双回路制动系统的结构复杂性以及制动过程制动踏板动作、系统压力建立和实现车辆减速具有明显的时序性特点,首先采用PCA降维的方法对系统状态进行辨识;然后运用驾驶人制动意图与制动系统响应的双层隐形马尔可夫模型对系统状态进行识别。受驾驶人习惯影响制动踏板作用瞬间辨识度低,采用混合高斯聚类法提取不同制动意图时制动保持阶段数据建立制动意图识别模型和系统响应识别模型,通过二者匹配程度判定系统状态。最后,分别依据实车试验数据对模型进行离线训练和在线辨识验证。试验结果表明:系统正常状态下,基于PCA降维和马尔可夫模型相结合的识别方法能够准确、有效地识别制动系统状态;制动管路断开压力降低状态下,PCA降维方法能够及时有效识别其危险状态。 相似文献
13.
汽车防抱死制动系统(Anti-lock Braking System,ABS)的作用是确保汽车制动时行驶方向的稳定性、可靠性,但是目前仍存在非线性、时变性以及参数不确定性等问题。为保证汽车制动行驶过程中的操纵稳定性和安全性,进一步实现各工况下防抱死制动系统的优化控制,以影响整车稳定的变量滑移率为研究对象,分析所设计策略的控制效果。搭建汽车动力学模型、制动系统模型、轮胎模型和滑移率模型等主要模型,设计基于滑移率的ABS二阶非线性自抗扰控制器。运用MATLAB/Simulink软件对基于自抗扰控制(Active Disturbance Rejection Control,ADRC)的ABS制动过程和基于模糊PID控制的ABS制动过程进行仿真,对比研究最佳滑移率、载荷、水泥-冰对接路面、扰动等对制动过程中的轮速、车速以及滑移率等动态性征反映的稳定性和抗扰能力的影响,同时研究其对最终制动距离和最终制动时间反映的制动性能的影响。最后,将自抗扰控制器和模糊PID控制器装配于试验车辆的ABS,进行水泥路面和冰-水泥对接路面制动过程的实车试验。研究结果表明:基于二阶非线性自抗扰控制算法的ABS制动的最终制动距离和最终制动时间更短、制动效果更优,制动过程中的轮速、车速和滑移率在响应速度、稳定性和抗扰能力等方面均更佳;试验结果与仿真结果吻合,证明了仿真模型及其仿真结果的可行性和正确性。 相似文献
14.
Reza Serajian Saeed Mohammadi Asghar Nasr 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2019,57(2):192-206
It needs some seconds for a signal, which is created from brake application, to travel from the first part of the train system (locomotive) to the end part of it (last wagon). Delay in time of all parts of the system (train) brake is seen which might deteriorate the longitudinal dynamic interaction of the long trains. For instance, this results in running of the rear cars to the front ones and hence producing large in-train forces at the buffers and couplers. Major parts of the rolling stock in railway system repair are known for relative compression and tension forces, which are applied to the whole train system and cause huge expenses for the industry. For trains with long lengths, operating in safe area is another important relation with train forces along the system. By using MATLAB simulation in this study, we investigated the length's effect on train dynamic along the system mainly for freight trains. We did our research on the trains which are currently used in Railways of Islamic Republic of Iran, RIRI. Four diverse cases were under our simulation, in each of which, trains consist of 52, 32, 20 and 12 cars, respectively. Two different forces (tension and compression) are displayed here as of the outcome of the research. Simulations show different forms of interplays in dynamics along the system. Then we compared the graphs to each other to find out detailed influences of length of the whole system (train including different number of wagons and locomotive) on dynamics of system along it while braking is applied. 相似文献
15.
半挂汽车列车附着系数的分析与制动力分配系数的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文对列车的制动工况建立力学模型,分析研究制动器制动力分配曲线I、β和附着系数ψ0的关系,求取列车理想的附着系数和制动器动力分配系数。 相似文献
16.
惰行可以有效降低地铁列车能耗,通过选择合适的惰行点可以实现列车的节能运行。建立了定时约束条件下列车节能运行惰行控制优化模型,将模型求解的遗传算法嵌入到城市列车运行计算系统中,实现了给定线路条件下站间最佳惰行点的自动计算。结合具体算例对不同站间距离、线路条件、区间限速、运行时间、惰行次数等条件下的惰行控制进行了仿真研究,给出了各影响因素与惰行控制的关系。仿真结果表明,该方法能较好地解决惰行控制优化问题,地铁列车合理的站间运行时间取值,一般在最小运行时间的基础上增加8%~15%比较合适。 相似文献
17.
18.
R. Conti E. Galardi E. Meli D. Nocciolini A. Rindi 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2015,53(5):651-671
Traction and braking systems deeply affect longitudinal train dynamics, especially when an extensive blending phase among different pneumatic, electric and magnetic devices is required. The energy and wear optimisation of longitudinal vehicle dynamics has a crucial economic impact and involves several engineering problems such as wear of braking friction components, energy efficiency, thermal load on components, level of safety under degraded or adhesion conditions (often constrained by the current regulation in force on signalling or other safety-related subsystem). In fact, the application of energy storage systems can lead to an efficiency improvement of at least 10% while, as regards the wear reduction, the improvement due to distributed traction systems and to optimised traction devices can be quantified in about 50%. In this work, an innovative integrated procedure is proposed by the authors to optimise longitudinal train dynamics and traction and braking manoeuvres in terms of both energy and wear. The new approach has been applied to existing test cases and validated with experimental data provided by Breda and, for some components and their homologation process, the results of experimental activities derive from cooperation performed with relevant industrial partners such as Trenitalia and Italcertifer. In particular, simulation results are referred to the simulation tests performed on a high-speed train (Ansaldo Breda Emu V250) and on a tram (Ansaldo Breda Sirio Tram). The proposed approach is based on a modular simulation platform in which the sub-models corresponding to different subsystems can be easily customised, depending on the considered application, on the availability of technical data and on the homologation process of different components. 相似文献
19.
为实现刹车时桥上多状态车流并行动态演化的高真实度模拟和时变汽车荷载与桥梁运动状态的时时耦合,首先从宏观和微观上丰富随机车流模拟方法,宏观上沿用交通荷载调查数据中的车辆顺序、车辆基本特性等不变量,以车辆间距为服从正态分布的限幅随机变量,形成深度融合交通荷载调查数据和交通流理论的随机车流高真实度仿真方法;微观上对车辆间距随机变量确定的关键状态-阻塞状态,引入加权速度,实现阻塞密度时车流的走走停停动态描述,采用考虑驾驶人状态的概率分布方法确定车辆时距;实现多密度随机车流的高真实度仿真。其次细化刹车过程模拟,建立车流差异化刹车模型:采用顺次对比方法,筛选桥长范围最不利刹车车流;引入停车视距,考虑驾驶人反应,区分头车和跟驰车辆,精细模拟车辆刹车动态过程和刹车车流演化过程,差异化确定各车辆刹车参数;实现桥上多状态车流并行动态演化模拟。第三建立刹车力学模型,并融入至已有正常车流的车-桥耦合系统,构建可考虑刹车状态的分析系统。最后确定桥梁典型响应和分析指标,以一座大跨斜拉桥为例,对多刹车工况下的桥梁响应进行分析。结果表明:桥上刹车状况一般会产生超过正常行驶状况下的桥梁响应,最不利单车道刹车状况下的塔根弯矩甚至达到跑车工况的2.7倍,简单采用规范冲击系数方法很难实现刹车响应的包络;刹车过程中的桥梁响应最值不仅与采取刹车的车辆数目和桥上车辆保有量有关,还受刹车作用与桥梁原响应趋势的顺逆程度控制;桥梁及桥上刹停车辆的总质量和桥上正常行驶的车辆决定桥梁响应时程曲线趋势振幅;典型桥梁响应的总体趋势,与车流密度和刹车车道数相关性较小,不同时段车流会对梁端顺桥向位移和塔根弯矩产生影响。 相似文献