һ�����͵��˶�Ŀ��ʶ��������㷨�о�

提出了一种应用于智能交通监控系统的运动目标识别和跟踪方法。针对帧间差分提取运动目标的缺陷与不足,提出了一种基于冗余小波变换的运动目标识别算法,即直接在冗余小波变换域提取运动区域,从而检测出运动目标。对于检测出来的运动目标,本文对mean-shift算法进行了改进,采用自适应mean-shift算法,对目标进行跟踪。实验结果表明,本文提出的算法可以有效地提取运动目标,即使目标与背景具有较高的相似度,也可以较准确的提取出前景运动信息,效果要好于传统的帧差法;跟踪目标准确度高,不受目标大小变化的影响。本算法具较高的实用价值和应用前景。     

双注意力引导的跨层优化交通场景语义分割

针对交通场景目标分割边缘不平滑以及小目标难以准确分割等问题，本文提出一种双注意力引导的跨层优化交通场景语义分割算法。首先，构建多分支特征提取编码网络，并利用串行非比例式空洞卷积实现空间上下文信息提取，进而改善小目标信息的丢失；其次，构建基于空间对齐的跨层特征融合解码网络，实现语义信息和细节信息的融合，增强不同尺度目标的表达能力；最后，提出通道和空间注意力机制，建模全局通道相关性和长距离位置相关性，增强网络对关键特征的学习能力。交通场景数据集Cityscapes和CamVid上的实验结果表明，所提特征提取编码网络、跨层特征融合解码网络以及注意力机制模块是有效的；所提语义分割算法获得了77.79%和78.66%的平均交并比，能够平滑目标分割边缘，尤其对细长条形目标具有鲁棒性。     

应用小波模历史图像的运动车辆视频检测

为提高车辆目标检测的稳定性和准确性,提出了基于背景减除和小波分解模历史图像的运动车辆检测算法.首先对原始图像进行小波分解,对低频分量用混合高斯模型和纹理特征相结合的方法,自适应更新背景并标记运动目标初始区域;然后,基于高频分量计算模值,并通过逐帧历史累积得到模历史图像;最后,利用车辆目标与阴影相比富含边缘细节的特点,对目标进行倾斜校正后,将目标边缘分别沿图像x和y方向投影,利用投影曲线将边缘信息与目标初始区域信息迭代融合,得到最终检测结果.实验结果表明,用本文方法检测车辆的捕获率达到99.0%,有效率为92.5%;与使用单一自适应背景提取方法相比,在实际交通场景中可有效处理阴影导致的多目标粘连问题,检测结果更准确.     

基于视觉注意机制 PCNN 模型的车牌 图像分割方法

车辆图像中车牌具有所占比例小、位置不固定、大小不一,以及分割易受光照影 响的特点.因此,车牌图像的分割始终是车辆跟踪、车辆识别等领域中的难点问题.针对以 上问题,本文提出了基于视觉注意机制脉冲耦合神经网络模型的车牌图像分割方法.该方 法将视觉注意机制中的数据驱动模式和任务驱动模式相结合. 数据驱动模式中,通过对 PCNN 模型细胞感受野功能的完善,使优化 PCNN 模型具有了尺度性和方向性.任务驱 动模式中,针对不同尺度的分割,利用组合不变矩和局部灰度熵,自适应地确定目标的特 征尺度和最佳尺度,并确定该目标最终的分割结果.经实验验证,该方法对车牌图像具有 较好的分割效果.     

Orthogonal discriminant improved local tangent space alignment based feature fusion for face recognition

Improved local tangent space alignment (ILTSA) is a recent nonlinear dimensionality reduction method which can efficiently recover the geometrical structure of sparse or non-uniformly distributed data manifold. In this paper, based on combination of modified maximum margin criterion and ILTSA, a novel feature extraction method named orthogonal discriminant improved local tangent space alignment (ODILTSA) is proposed. ODILTSA can preserve local geometry structure and maximize the margin between different classes simultaneously. Based on ODILTSA, a novel face recognition method which combines augmented complex wavelet features and original image features is developed. Experimental results on Yale, AR and PIE face databases demonstrate the effectiveness of ODILTSA and the feature fusion method.     

Moment-Based Method to Estimate Image Affine Transform

The estimation of affine transform is a crucial problem in the image recognition field. This paper resorted to some invariant properties under translation, rotation and scaling, and proposed a simple method to estimate the affine transform kernel of the two-dimensional gray image. Maps, applying to the original, produce some correlative points that can accurately reflect the affine transform feature of the image. Furthermore, unknown variables existing in the kernel of the transform are calculated. The whole scheme only refers to one-order moment,therefore, it has very good stability.     

基于小波脊频级联特征的雷达辐射源信号识别

为识别复杂体制雷达辐射源信号,提出了一种基于小波脊频级联特征提取的信号识别方法.该方法采用新的小波原子和脊线检测策略提取信号的脊频特征,并提取其级联特征作为信号识别向量.仿真结果表明,采用级联特征能有效地识别辐射源信号,当信噪比为5 dB时,识别率达95%以上.与传统小波和现有方法相比,所提出的方法具有更好的信号识别效果.     

Efficient iris recognition via ICA feature and SVM classifier

With the increasing demands of security in ournet worked society,the technology for personalidentification works as the main solution to safe-guard people s properties.Biometrics is an alterna-tive to solve the problemand has the advantage thatthey cannot be stolen or forgotten like pass words.Because personal identification numbers or identifi-cation tokens(such as s mart cards)cannot provide ahighlevel of security which can be copied,inspec-ted and/or stolen.They only showthe knowledgeof som…     

基于小波包能量谱和SVM的水下目标识别

为了提高舰船辐射噪声信号分类的准确率,即在水下进行舰船目标识别的准确率,采用了小波包提取信号能量谱特征的方法和支持向量机的分类算法.简介了小波包变换及支持向量机的基本原理,然后针对舰船辐射噪声信号进行多层小波包分解,提取各子频段能量谱作为特征量,归一化处理后构建特征向量,最后用支持向量机算法进行分类.仿真实验结果表明,利用对信号的多层小波包分解提取能量谱特征和支持向量机的分类算法能对舰船辐射噪声信号进行有效识别.     

基于小波变换和线性判别分析的人脸识别方法

提出了将人脸图像的小波分解和线性判别分析结合以达到人脸识别的方法.首先对人脸图像作小波分解,并将分解后的低频系数进行线性判别分析进一步降低人脸特征向量的维数,最后利用最近邻分类器进行分类识别.实验表明,该方法的正确识别率高于传统的特征脸识别方法.     

Exploiting Local and Global Characteristics for Contrast Based Visual Saliency Detection

Visual saliency is an important cue in human visual system to identify salient region in the image;it can be useful in many applications including image retrieval,object recognition,image segmentation,etc.Image contrast has been used as an effective feature to detect visual salient region.However,the conventional contrast measures either in spectral domain or in spatial domain fail to give sufficient consideration towards the local and global characteristics of the image.This paper presents a visual saliency detection algorithm based on a novel contrast measurement.This measurement extracts the spectral information of image block using the 2D discrete Fourier transform(DFT),and combines with the total variation(TV)of image block in spatial domain.The proposed algorithm is used to perform salient region detection in the image,and compared with state-of-the-art algorithms.The experimental results from the MSRA dataset validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

小波在结构损伤鉴定中的应用

为得到信号小波变换后的模峰值点,提出了信号降阶概念,并以悬臂梁为例,说明了有损信号和无损信号之差是对梁结构位移信号的一种有效的降阶方法.提出了利用模极大值分布图判断结构损伤的办法.并以第四类损伤为例进行了算法的演算,说明了利用模极大值分布图来鉴定损伤的方法.从中可以看出,上述探伤方法可以达到工程所要求的最高精度,可以将损伤精确定位到有损结构位移信号的采样节点上,具有较高的工程实用价值.     

基于属性识别的驾驶员安全特性评价

为对城市交通中驾驶员安全特性进行评价,利用属性识别原理构建驾驶员安全特性评价体系,通过建立包含道路条件、交通管理设施和驾驶员个性三方面属性的综合评价模型,对驾驶员安全特性影响指标进行分析。评价模型根据指标属性测定值与多指标综合属性测定值,对驾驶员安全特性进行属性识别分析。以安徽省某市6路公交一段线路为研究对象,对公交车驾驶员安全特性进行评价。结果表明,公交车驾驶员安全特性“一般”,为公交车驾驶员安全特性的改善提供理论依据。     

Radar Emitter Signal Recognition Using Wavelet Packet Transform and Support Vector Machines

This paper presents a novel method for radar emitter signal recognition. First, wavelet packet transform （WPT） is introduced to extract features from radar emitter signals. Then, rough set theory is used to select the optimal feature subset with good discriminability from original feature set, and support vector machines （SVMs） are employed to design classifiers. A large number of experimental results show that the proposed method achieves very high recognition rates for 9 radar emitter signals in a wide range of signal-to-noise rates, and proves a feasible and valid method.     

Human and bicycle detection system using range sensor

This paper presents a full-scale solution to the detection of the traffic data using laser device. Range images, gathered by a particular laser camera, are used in the multi-threshold segmentation. The multi-threshold segmentation is based on the height of the moving objects. In order to get the precise height of the moving objects, mapping of the original terrain is performed on the first step. On each layer, the clustering algorithm called iteration-self organizing data analysis techniques algorithm (ISODATA) is conducted afterwards. Kalman filtering technique is applied to recognize and track the moving objects. Extensive experiments show that these algorithms are effective in object recognition and tracking, as well as robust in the applications.     

基于小波的路面裂缝识别研究

应用基于小波变换的图像分解和重构方案可以进行公路路面裂缝的检测与识别。首先对路面图像进行多分辨二维离散小波分解,根据在每个尺度2j上小波系数模最大值和相位(梯度方向)这两个分量的大小确定边缘的位置,进一步变换小波分解系数,达到去除噪音,加强裂缝边缘的效果。并通过实验分析和讨论了不同的小波基、不同分辨率水平、重构中使用的分解子图像对路面图像裂缝分割的影响,最后用简单的阈值技术生成二值图像,把裂缝从背景图像中分离出来。     

具有亚像素精度的冗余特征机器人视觉伺服控制

为克服机器人视觉伺服系统对位姿估算及标定精度的依赖性,结合前期特征识别和后期视觉伺服控制,提出基于冗余特征的机器人视觉伺服控制方法.首先,针对图像处理计算密集的问题,从加快特征提取运算速度考虑,研究了矢量数据的递归贪婪压缩算法;其次,从提高图像空间测量精度考虑,研究了基于向量正交性的亚像素特征提取方法,并结合合作目标形状,给出基于多边形形状拟合的目标识别实验性准则;最后,基于图像视觉伺服理论和任务函数方法,直接以具有亚像素级的冗余图像特征作为反馈信息,建立了机器人视觉伺服控制模型,并进行了视觉伺服验证试验.理论分析和实验结果表明,本文提出的视觉伺服控制方法能够在复杂的环境下快速稳定地提取伺服特征,并对标定误差和深度估计误差具有一定的鲁棒性.      

Identification of grinding wheel wear signature by a wavelet packet decomposition method

Grinding is known as the most complicated material removal process and the method for monitoring the grinding wheel wear has its own characteristics comparing with the approaches for detecting the wear on regular cutting tools. Research efforts were made to develop the wheel wear monitoring system due to its significance in grinding process. This paper presents a novel method for identification of grinding wheel wear signature by combination of wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) based energies. The distinctive feature of the method is that it takes advantage of the combinational information of the decomposed frequency components based on the WPD so the extracted features can be customized according to the specific monitored object to get better diagnosis effects. Experiments are researched on monitoring of grinding wheel wear states under different machining conditions. The results show that the energy ratio extracted from the measured vibration signals is consistent with the grinding wheel wear condition evaluated by experiment and the further extracted feature ratio can be used in prediction of wheel wear condition.     

基于TQWT和稀疏表示的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

基于稀疏表示理论,提出了一种采用可调品质因子小波变换(TQWT)的滚动轴承故障诊断新方法,分析了包含早期故障成分的原始采集振动信号的特点和早期故障信号的特性,研究了稀疏表示模型在解决故障特征提取问题和故障类型识别问题的应用;运用TQWT将原始信号转换为一组子带小波系数集,研究了利用迭代收缩阈值算法提取出稀疏小波系数的有效性和谱峭度对故障冲击信号敏感的特性,通过计算各子带信号分量的谱峭度,选取包含故障信息明显的子带小波系数,建立了包含稀疏故障信号分量的故障特征提取方法;利用提取出的故障信号稀疏表示分类模型,实现了基于稀疏表示的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。试验结果表明:在凯斯西储数据集上,提出的故障特征提取方法在剔除干扰成分方面有显著效果,提出方法对于4种类型数据的平均诊断准确率为99.83%,对于10种类型数据的平均诊断准确率为97.73%;与只运用TQWT和迭代收缩阈值算法进行故障特征提取的方法相比,故障诊断精度提高了11.60%,算法运行时间减小8%;在QPZZ-Ⅱ旋转机械平台采集到的振动数据集上,提出的方法对于4种类型数据的平均诊断准确率为100%;与传统小波去噪方法相比,准确率提高了35.67%,算法运行时间减小了7.25%。可见,本文提出的方法可以有效解决滚动轴承故障诊断问题。      

基于加权小波子带图像的贝叶斯人脸识别算法

对贝叶斯人脸识别公式进行了简化,在此基础上设计了基于加权小波子带图像的贝叶斯人脸识别算法.首先对人脸图像进行小波分解,把分解得到的低频子图与类内均值做差作为类内差异图像进行贝叶斯测试,选择相似度最高的N幅图像作为候选图像,然后对候选图像再次利用高频子图与对应频段的类内均值做差作为模式矢量并行进行贝叶斯测试,通过加权排序得到最后结果.实验结果验证了该方法的有效性.