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防止船舶生活污水污染的监管与建议 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据环保部门监测数据,船舶生活污水大肠杆菌群浓度高达1100亿个/ml,大大超过排放标准,生物需氧量和悬浮物的最高浓度可达2100mg/l和1700mg/l,分别超标41倍和11倍。船舶没有经过净化处理的生活污水,大量直接排放入海,势必构成海洋环境的重大威胁。如何控制船舶生活污水的排放,日益受到国际社会的重视。 相似文献
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味精废水处理工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
首先分析、列出味精废水的主要成分,简述国内外处理这类废水的方法和技术。作者重点介绍其对高浓度味精废水和低浓度的味精厂混合排放污水处理所作的研究和试验:对高浓度味精废水采用混凝法,对低浓度的混合污水采用SBR法(序批法)。试验结果表明,排放水水质达到国家规定的标准,本项研究试验成果可应用到工程实际中去。 相似文献
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海运、河运增长迅速,船舶污水处理日益受到广泛关注。本文以海洋船舶为主要研究对象,综述了海洋船舶污水的类型、水质特征、处理技术研究和应用进展,并展望了海洋船舶污水处理的膜生物反应器研究与应用方向。海洋船舶污水主要指压舱水以外的船舶污水,主要包括船舶生活污水和含油污水。海洋船舶生活污水的水质、水量随乘员变化较大,呈现污染物浓度高、变化大等特征,其中黑水污染物浓度BOD5991~5840 mg/L,SS 1180~4980 mg/L;含油污水成分复杂,乳化程度高,舱底水中含油量可达50000 mg/L。虽然海洋船舶污水排放标准随海域变化较大,但日益严格,这导致船舶污水处理对空间、运行维护的要求高,因此,膜生物反应器成为海洋船舶生活污水处理研究与应用的主流技术。 相似文献
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水环境保护是当前人类社会广泛关注的一个问题,随着我国国民经济的快速发展,污水的排放对我国宝贵的水资源直接造成了威胁,近年来国家对污水排放的要求也日益严格,为降低码头建设项目对水环境造成的影响,文中结合南昌樵舍港区某码头建设项目实例,进行营运期化学品废水分析,提出化学品废水处理工艺,供项目今后设计实施作参考。 相似文献
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出海口河段的污水对水环境的影响受到上游河道下泄径流和外海上溯潮流的共同影响,本文基于mike21水量水质耦合模型对设计正常排放和事故排放两种工况下排污口所在河段水质进行模拟,结果表明,正常排放情况下,排污口附近COD最大浓度增值约2.1mg/L,氨氮最大浓度增值约0.1mg/L;事故排放时,排污口附近COD最大浓度增值23.4mg/L,是正常排放时的11.14倍,氨氮最大浓度增值约0.25mg/L,是正常排放时的2.5倍,因此事故排放时应重点关注COD浓度超标的情况。 相似文献
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《舰船科学技术》2020,(5)
海运、河运增长迅速,船舶污水处理日益受到广泛关注。本文以海洋船舶为主要研究对象,综述了海洋船舶污水的类型、水质特征、处理技术研究和应用进展,并展望了海洋船舶污水处理的膜生物反应器研究与应用方向。海洋船舶污水主要指压舱水以外的船舶污水,主要包括船舶生活污水和含油污水。海洋船舶生活污水的水质、水量随乘员变化较大,呈现污染物浓度高、变化大等特征,其中黑水污染物浓度BOD5 991~5 840 mg/L,SS1 180~4 980 mg/L;含油污水成分复杂,乳化程度高,舱底水中含油量可达50 000 mg/L。虽然海洋船舶污水排放标准随海域变化较大,但日益严格,这导致船舶污水处理对空间、运行维护的要求高,因此,膜生物反应器成为海洋船舶生活污水处理研究与应用的主流技术。 相似文献
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The Patos Lagoon estuary is the most important nursery ground for commercially relevant species of fish and crustaceans in the South of Brazil, maintaining fisheries that sustain 3500 fisher families throughout the Rio Grande do Sul State coastline. Around 80% of the interior estuarine area is very shallow (< 2 m), and recruitment of fish eggs and larvae to the inner parts of the Patos Lagoon estuary is directly related to the circulation pattern in the area, which is controlled by local and non-local wind effects and freshwater discharge. The objective of this study is to investigate the processes controlling the transport of estuarine dependent fish eggs between the Atlantic Ocean and the Patos Lagoon estuary.An integrated numerical system based on a bi-dimensional hydrodynamic model and a Lagrangean transport model of passive particles is applied to a selection of scenarios representing the passage of weather fronts over the area. At this stage, fish eggs are represented as buoyant passive particles. Modelling results are compared against field data for the period under investigation (September/October 1999) and historical records. Short term results are analysed in terms of the meteorological conditions (wind direction, intensity and duration) controlling the transport of eggs to the inner parts of the estuary and the extension of their excursion. This experiment is the first attempt to couple biological and physical information to study fish eggs transport, and to enhance the current knowledge about recruitment of important fisheries resources in southern Brazil. 相似文献
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介绍了国际海事组织及国内外最新的船舶生活污水排放要求,通过分舰船生活污水的种类及其特点,指出舰船生活污水排放面临的问题,提出了舰船生活污水排放的解决措施。 相似文献
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《船舶水污染物排放控制标准》(GB3552-2018)(以下简称新《排放标准》)于2018年7月1日正式实施,对客运船舶的生活污水排放接收做了严格的规定。通过对新《排放标准》的研究和对相关单位部门的调研,发现辖区客运船舶生活污水处置存在新《排放标准》执行难、生活污水排放监管难、岸上接收处置难等问题和难点。建议地方政府等部门加强政策宣传、出台激励政策、加快码头生活污水接收设施建设、加强联合监管等措施,减少客运船舶生活污水非法排放,从而保护海洋环境。 相似文献
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Impact of tidal front on the distribution of bacterioplankton in the southern Yellow Sea, China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Three surveys were carried out in anchovy spawning periods in southern Yellow Sea in May and June 2001, and June 2002. Chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration, bacterioplankton abundance, biomass and their variations along the zone of tidal fronts were investigated. The results showed that (1) high Synechococcus abundance distributed more often in frontal area and middle-surface layer of a stratified zone; and (2) the maximal abundance of bacteria occurred in stratified and mixed zone. 相似文献
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文中通过对秦皇岛港东部城市污水处理场、西港区汤河水源的开发利用情况和产生的经济、环境、社会效益的分析,说明了水源开发利用为港口节能减排作出的重要贡献,同时也说明了进行水源的开发利用是实现港口可持续发展的有效途径之一。 相似文献
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在综合大量已有研究成果及经验的基础上,对排海工程排污口选划的原则与方法进行分析,着重介绍了基于二维污染物扩散模型的水环境影响析法、生物损害分析法以及基于加权评分的工程技术经济分析法,并以曹妃甸某排海工程为例对排污口进行选划研究。结果表明:将综合考虑多种影响因素的选划方法应用于排污口的选划研究是可行的,且有利于排污口的环保、经济排放;同一工况条件下,对海洋生态环境影响起主要作用的因素为纳污海域的水动力情况以及生物资源分布情况。在排污口的选划过程中,应充分考虑各种影响因素,在经济条件允许的情况下,应尽可能地将排污口布置于水深较大、扩散条件较好、海洋生物稀疏、远离环境保护目标的地方。 相似文献
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Sandra Arndt Geneviève Lacroix Nathalie Gypens Pierre Regnier Christiane Lancelot 《Journal of Marine Systems》2011,84(3-4):49-66
This study presents a first attempt to quantify the biogeochemical transformations and fluxes of carbon and nutrients along the entire mixing zone of the shallow, tidally-dominated estuary–coastal zone continuum of the Scheldt (Belgium/The Netherlands). A fully transient, two-dimensional, nested-grid hydrodynamic model of the continuum is coupled to the biogeochemical MIRO model for the coastal zone and the CONTRASTE model for the estuary. Transient model simulations are performed with a high spatial (80–750 m) and temporal (30 min) resolution over a period of one year (January–December 1995). The high temporal resolution allows including the short-term variability triggered by the tides, the freshwater discharge and the wind stress. System scale simulations provide time series of nutrient transformations and fluxes along the entire estuary–coastal zone continuum, as well as highly resolved nutrient inventories for the estuarine and the coastal zone sub-domains. Simulation results reveal that the balance between highly variable estuarine nutrient inputs and physical constrains set by the unsteady residual transport field exert an important control on the magnitude and succession of phytoplankton blooms and the ecosystem structure in the coastal zone. In addition, they suggest that the poorly surveyed estuarine–coastal zone interface plays a central role in the continuum. In this dynamic area, marked spatial concentration gradients develop and episodically lead to a reversal of material fluxes from the coast into the estuary. During distinct episodes of the productive period, euryhaline coastal diatoms intrude far upstream into the saline estuary. This intrusion reduces the estuarine nutrient concentrations and export fluxes, thereby reinforcing the nutrient limitation in the coastal area. As a consequence, the estuarine filter does not operate independently from the processes in the coastal zone. The dynamic interplay between the two ecosystems and the intense process rates operating at their transition, therefore, strongly supports our continuum approach. 相似文献