杭州地铁部分站点的物业开发方案

根据杭州地铁物业开发建设的原则，结合杭州地铁1号线3个车站周边物业开发的情况，介绍了地铁车站与周边地块物业开发衔接的几种形式，并对车站出入口及风亭等与物业的开发进行了分析。     

上海地铁2号线东方路车站出入口结构设计综述

本文介绍了作者设计上海地铁２号线东方路站出入的心得，供同行们在今后的地铁出入口设计中作借鉴，参考，虽然出入口结构规模比车站小，但结构设计应与车站等强度，也应引起设计人员的高度重视。     

上海轨道交通济阳路枢纽站结构设计概述

济阳路站是上海轨道交通6、8、11号线的换乘枢纽站。它由三线车站、联络线及围合区等多部分组成，结构复杂，工程量大。介绍了车站结构设计的特点，并对下沉式广场与车站的结合、完全敞开式出入口、盾构远期穿越已建结构等关键节点做了概述，以期为其它类似工程提供借鉴。     

上海地铁2号线西延伸线虹桥临空园区站建筑设计浅谈

地铁2号线(R2线)西延伸段工程虹桥临空园区站是地下二层车站,概述车站建筑设计的主要内容,着重介绍与人防功能相结合、出入口及风井等地面建筑的环境布置。     

上海轨道交通人民广场站出入口与周边道路相关因素分析

人民广场站是目前上海轨道交通网络中大型换乘枢纽之一，具有出入口数量多，出入口功能差异性大等特点。详细介绍了车站各出入口的设置情况，以及与周边道路、客流等关系，分析研究了各出入口的客流特征，可为今后类似换乘枢纽出入口的设计提供借鉴。     

上海地铁车站基坑围护结构设计合理性探讨

探讨上海轨道交通车站基坑围护结构设计技术经济合理性。通过对轨道交通10号线部分车站设计成果的调查,对当前上海地铁车站基坑围护结构设计中存在的问题及其产生原因进行分析,并提出若干建议,以为新建地铁工程提供参考。     

地铁地下车站渗漏水处理技术分析

地铁地下车站建设是地铁工程的重要部分,而地铁地下车站建设的难点在于渗漏水问题,无论是地铁工程建设还是在运营阶段,加强对地下车站渗漏水防治都具有重要意义。以上海某地下车站渗漏水问题为例,对其渗漏水病害的具体情况进行详细分析,并提出相应处理技术对策,希望为类似车站渗漏水整治提供参考。     

基于屏蔽门系统的青岛地铁环控通风应用分析

本文研究了地铁车站环控通风模式设计原理,通过调研国内各城市地铁环控通风模式应用实例,对比分析了屏蔽门系统与开闭式系统应用特点,从经济节能性、区域适用性、乘客舒适度等方向对比分析了屏蔽门系统与开闭式系统的设计特点,并以青岛地铁为例,探索屏蔽门系统的应用优势,为后续地铁环控通风模式设计与建设提供理论与实践指导。     

上海地铁2号线车站及其周边地下空间综合开发的探讨

概述了上海地铁２号线总体方案及其车站规模。例举若干车站周边地下空间开发的内容、形式。探讨了未来地铁车站与周边地下空间综合开发的前景和价值。     

地下工程特殊位置附属结构的设计探讨

针对地下工程特殊位置上的附属结构形式趋于多样化，简述位于地铁车站出入口上的地面附属结构基础的设计特点，以及位于隧道顶板上的地下附属结构与隧道顶板的特殊关系及设计思路。     

A generalized multiple durations proportional hazard model with an application to activity behavior during the evening work-to-home commute

The model developed in this paper generalizes (in the context of multiple exit states from a duration spell) extant competing risk methods which tie the exit state of duration very tightly with the length of duration. In the current formulation, the exit state is modeled explicitly and jointly with duration models for each potential exit state. The model developed here, however, is much broader in its applicability than only to the competing risk situation; it is applicable to multiple durations arising from multiple entrance states, multiple exit states, or a combination of entrance and exit states. Multiple entrance states occur frequently in many situations, but have received little attention in the literature. Explicit consideration of the entrance state is important, even in single or multiple competing risk models in order to accommodate the sample selection in duration based on the no-entry/entry (to the duration spell) outcome. The generalized multiple durations model developed in the paper is applied to an empirical analysis of activity behavior during the return home from work.     

Methods of dropping auxiliary lanes at freeway weaving segments

Auxiliary lanes connecting freeway entrance and exit ramps provide additional space for entering and exiting vehicles to change lanes. The method of dropping auxiliary lanes is critical in the design of freeway auxiliary lanes. This study investigates the performance of different methods of dropping auxiliary lanes. Case studies were conducted at two selected freeway segments with successive entrance or exit ramps in the City of Houston. Traffic simulation analysis results of these two case studies show that additional operational benefits can be achieved by extending an auxiliary lane beyond the freeway weaving segment. The study also found that if the weaving segment is followed by an entrance/exit ramp and this ramp has high traffic volume, it can be less operationally favorable to extend and terminate the auxiliary lane at this entrance/exit ramp location. Instead, dropping the auxiliary lane before this entrance/exit ramp represents a more operationally effective option.     

A two-stage taxi scheduling strategy at airports with multiple independent runways

Long taxiing times at large airports lead to fuel wastage and dissatisfied passengers. This paper investigates the 4D taxi scheduling problem in airports to minimize the taxiing time. We propose an iterative two-stage scheduling strategy. In the first stage, all aircrafts in a current schedule period are assigned initial 4D routes. In the second stage, landing aircrafts that are unavailable to fulfil their initially assigned routes are rescheduled using a shortest path algorithm based approach. In this paper, the simplified model used in most existing literature, that depicts a runway as having a single entrance and a single exit or even sets only one point to represent both of them has been discarded. Instead, we model the fact that a runway has multiple entrance and exit points and use an emerging concept—Runway Exit Availability (REA)—to measure the probability of clearing a runway from a specific exit during a specific time interval so that the taxiing scheduling model can be much higher approximation to the practical operation. An integer programming (IP) model factoring REA is proposed for assigning 4D taxiing routes in the first stage. The IP model covers most practical constraints faced in airport taxiing procedures, such as the rear-end/head-on conflict constraint, runway-crossing constraint, take-off/landing separation constraint, and taxi-out constraint. Besides, flight holding patterns at intersections are much more realistically modelled. Furthermore, to accelerate the solving process of the IP model, we have refined the formulation using several tricks. Simulation results by proposed scheduling approach for operations at the Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK) for an entire day demonstrate a surprising taxiing time saving against the empirical data and simulation results based on a strategy similar to what being used now days while showing an acceptable running time of our approach, which supports that our approach may help in real operation in the future.     

光面爆破技术在向莆铁路青云山特长隧道工程中的应用

光面爆破设计是隧道工程建设确保质量安全的核心技术要素。青云山特长隧道是向莆铁路重点控制性工程,采用钻爆法施工;隧道围岩以Ⅱ～Ⅲ级为主,采用全断面法开挖;进出口与浅埋段等为IV、V级围岩,采用台阶法施工;围岩较差段采用弧形开挖预留核心土法施工。不同级别围岩采用了针对性的爆破设计,取得了满意的爆破效果。实践证明,适当加密周边眼、合理确定光面爆破层厚度、采用小直径药卷不耦合装药结构、保证爆破眼同时起爆是光面爆破成功应用的关键。     

Precise estimation of connections of metro passengers from Smart Card data

The aim of this study is to estimate both the physical and schedule-based connections of metro passengers from their entry and exit times at the gates and the stations, a data set available from Smart Card transactions in a majority of train networks. By examining the Smart Card data, we will observe a set of transit behaviors of metro passengers, which is manifested by the time intervals that identifies the boarding, transferring, or alighting train at a station. The authenticity of the time intervals is ensured by separating a set of passengers whose trip has a unique connection that is predominantly better by all respects than any alternative connection. Since the connections of such passengers, known as reference passengers, can be readily determined and hence their gate times and stations can be used to derive reliable time intervals. To detect an unknown path of a passenger, the proposed method checks, for each alternative connection, if it admits a sequence of boarding, middle train(s), and alighting trains, whose time intervals are all consistent with the gate times and stations of the passenger, a necessary condition of a true connection. Tested on weekly 32 million trips, the proposed method detected unique connections satisfying the necessary condition, which are, therefore, most likely true physical and schedule-based connections in 92.6 and 83.4 %, respectively, of the cases.     

A dynamic shortest path algorithm using multi‐step ahead link travel time prediction

In this paper, a multi‐step ahead prediction algorithm of link travel speeds has been developed using a Kalman filtering technique in order to calculate a dynamic shortest path. The one‐step and the multi‐step ahead link travel time prediction models for the calculation of the dynamic shortest path have been applied to the directed test network that is composed of 16 nodes: 3 entrance nodes, 2 exit nodes and 11 internal nodes. Time‐varying traffic conditions such as flows and travel time data for the test network have been generated using the CORSIM model. The results show that the multi‐step ahead algorithm is compared more favorably for searching the dynamic shortest time path than the other algorithm.     

The impact of metro services on housing prices: a case study from Beijing

Assessment of the impact of metro systems on housing prices is important for financing transport infrastructure via value capture. This paper provides evidence for this relationship, focusing particularly on the effects of metro services, and uses the large city of Beijing, China, as a case study. A spatial error model was applied to 2835 samples of online property sales data obtained in January 2016. Three transport service indicators associated with metro transfers and waiting times were explored: (1) metro headway, (2) access to different metro lines and (3) accessibility to employment opportunities. The results show that areas with more employment opportunities via public transit have higher housing prices than other areas. Shorter metro headways are positively related to housing prices near stations. Housing prices for neighborhoods having access to more than one metro line within 800 m-buffer area are higher than those without access to metro lines, controlling for number of accessible jobs within 30 min. This study sheds light on the importance of metro services on housing prices. It has implications for further research and for the planning policies of metro-dependent cities.

     

隧道施工废水对水环境的影响分析及应对措施

文章根据不同隧道施工废水的来源、水量及水质的特性,分别从理化、生态、景观等方面详细分析了隧道施工废水对水环境的影响,确定了主要污染物质为油类和悬浮物(SS),其对水环境的物理化学性质方面的影响较大;并提出了加强施工机械车辆管理以减少排污量、在隧道进出口处设置沉淀池、必要时采取隔油沉淀气浮处理等相应对策。