THE EDDY LOSSES OF A MAGNETIC THRUST BEARING

Accurate calculations of losses associated with the operation of magnetic bearings are particularly important for high speed applications where the rotor losses are expected to be large and for some particular applications where even low power losses will be critical. Power losses in the magnetic thrust bearing is often neglected, but if there is misaligned in the rotor and bearing, the magnetic field in the thrust bearing is no longer axisymmetric one, or the dynamic control current in the winding is time dependent one, eddy currents are caused to flow inside the conducting material, then the power losses are very important for magnetic bearing design. This paper presents an analytical model of a thrust magnetic bearing, and the magnetic fields, forces and losses of thrust magnetic bearing are calculated. In the calculations the frequency of dynamic control current is up to 1 000 Hz, rotating speed is from 60 rpm to 1 200 rpm, and the non-linearity of material is also taken into consideration. The results shows that if the magnetic field is not saturation, the eddy losses is proportional to dynamic control current frequency and a square function of dynamic control current, and also 5/2 power function of shafts speed.     

The Simulation and Characteristic Study of Wind Velocity for Long-Span Structures

The new technique that combines wave superposition with the fast Fourier transformation was introduced to simulate the nodal three-dimension relevant wind velocity time series of spatial structures. The wind velocity field where the spatial structure is located is assumed to be homogeneous. The wind‘s power spectral density is divided into frequency spectral function and coherency function and the spectral functions are transformed as the superposition coefficients. The wavelet analysis has excellent localized characters in both time and frequency domains, which not only makes wind velocity time series analysis more accurate, but also can focus on any detail of the objective signal series. The discrete wavelet transformation was adopted to decompose and reconstruct the discrete wind velocity time series. The stability of wavelet analysis for the wind velocity time series was also proved.     

Real-Time Method for Detecting Harmonic and Reactive Currents of Single-Phase Circuits

According to the characteristics of single-phase circuits and demand of using active filter for real-time detecting harmonic and reactive currents, a detecting method based on Fryze＇s power definition is proposed. The results of theoretical analysis and simula- tion show that the proposed method is effective in realtime detecting of instantaneous harmonic and reactive currents in single-phase circuits. When only detecting the total reactive currents, this method does not need a phase-locked loop circuit, and it also can be used in some special applications to provide different compensations on the ground of different requirements of electric network. Compared with the other methods based on the theory of instantaneous reactive power, this method is simple and easy to realize.     

SUPPRESSING CONDUCTED EMI FROM A DC/DC HIGH POWER CONVERTER BASED ON MIXED-MODE FILTER

Conducted electromagnetic interference （EMI） from a 7. 5kVA DC/DC high power converter is investigated to agree with EN class A. Here in some passive methods of suppressing conducted EM Noise, such as mixedmode （MM） EMI filters, snubbing circuits and other means, are used. Based on measurement, the sources of noise are detected with the characteristics analyzed in detail. The MM EMI filters is valuable means with which low-frequency part and some of the high frequency part of conducted EM Noise can be efficiently reduced. How to lay out the MM filters on both sides of the converter is outlined in detail. In addition, multiple grounding and RDC snubbing circuits are employed to improve the performance in high frequency. The experimental results confirm the methods adopted.     

Studies on the Effect of Accelerated Thermal Aging on Electrical and Physicochemical Properties of XLPE Cable

The degradation of crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) cable insulation during service, such as thermo-oxidation and water treeing may lead to a premature electrical breakdown of the XLPE insulation cables. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the period of replacement to evenly distribute the replacement cost by ascertaining the deterioration degree. Estimation of the aging degree is at present the most important task for diagnosis of the residual lifetime of the power cable insulation. This paper presents a study on the changes in the dielectric properties of the thermally aged XLPE cables in the frequency range from 0.07～10 MHz. Based on electrical and physicochemical characterization, some new "dactylograms" for the thermally aged XLPE cable insulation have been proposed.     

A high-performance low cost inverse integer transform architecture for AVS video standard

A high-performance, low cost inverse integer transform architecture for advanced video standard (AVS) video coding standard was presented. An 8×8 inverse integer transform is required in AVS video system which is compute-intensive. A hardware transform is inevitable to compute the transform for the real-time ap-plication. Compared with the 4×4 transform for H.264/AVC, the 8×8 integer transform is much more complex and the coefficient in the inverse transform matrix Ts is not inerratic as that in H.264/AVC. Dividing the Ts into matrix S8 and R8, the proposed architecture is implemented with the adders and the specific CSA-trees instead of multipliers, which are area and time consuming. The architecture obtains the data processing rate up to 8 pixels per-cycle at a low cost of area. Synthesized to TSMC 0.18 μm COMS process, the architecture attains the operating frequency of 300 MHz at cost of 34 252 gates with a 2-stage pipeline scheme. A reusable scheme is also introduced for the area optimization, which results in the operating frequency of 143 MHz at cost of only 19 758 gates.     

Theoretical studies of active power/angle sub-matrix in power flow Jacobian for power system analysis

Properties of the active power/angle sub-matrix in the power flow Jacobian for power system analysis are studied. The sub-matrix is a dominant and irreducible matrix under very general conditions of power systems, so that it is invertible. Also the necessary conditions for its singularity are given. These theoretical results can be used to clarify the ambiguous understanding of the sub-matrix in current literature, and also provide the theoretical foundations for the applications based on reduced power flow Jacobian. Numerical simulation on the IEEE 118-bus power system is used to illustrate our results.     

A Genetic Algorithm-Based Smart Antenna Technique for Anti-Collision of Multiple SAW ID-Tags

In the radio frequency identification (RFID) system based on surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique, some tags often locate in the field of a transceiver at the same time. These tags produce simultaneous echo signals which "collide" when they arrive back at the transceiver, which leads to difficult identification. In this paper, smart antenna technique is presented to implement anti-collision in SAW RFID system. The direction of arrivals (DOAs) are used to denote the locations of tags, and genetic algorithm (GA) is suggested to find the optimal estimates of the DOAs in complex multimodal search spaces. Once the DOAs are obtained, the array weights are formed and the signals of tags are recovered to implement decoding. The experimental results show that the GA-based smart antenna technique works well in some occasions.     

Power System Transients Analysis by Wavelet Transforms

In contrast to Fourier transform,wavelet transform is especially suitable for transient analysis because of its time-frequency characteristics with automatically-adjusted window lengths.Research shows that wavelet transform is one of the most powerful tools for power system transient analysis.The basic ideas of wavelet transform are presented in the paper together with several power system applications,It is clear that wavelet transform has some clear advantages over other transforms in detecting.analyzing,and identifying various types of power system transients.     

A New Range Sidelobe Suppression Technique for Randomly Intermittent Spectra HF Radar Signal

The randomly intermittent spectra (RIS) signal is employed to combat spectrum congestion in radar and other radio services to evade the external interferences in high-frequency (HF) and ultrahigh-frequency (UHF)bands. However, the spectra discontinuity of the signal gets rise to high range sidelobes when matching the reflected echo, which is much more difficult for targets detection. So it is indispensable to investigate the technique for sidelobes suppression of the range profile when RIS signal is utilized, This paper introduced a new processing technique based on time domain filtering to lower the range sidelobes. A robust and effetive algorithm is adopted to solve the coefficients of the filter, and the restriction on the desired response of the filter is derived. The simulation results show that the peak range sidelobe can be reduced to -27dB from -9.5dB while the frequency band span (FBS) is 200kHz.     

桥上列车高速运行引起的地面振动试验研究

为了研究高速铁路高架段车致地面振动的传播和衰减规律,以津秦客专线32m简支梁桥区段为工程背景,实测高速列车以速度250~385km/h通过时的三向地面振动响应,并对实测数据进行时域和频域分析。研究结果表明:近场测点的加速度时程呈现出明显的列车周期性加载现象,轴距及前后车相邻转向架间距的激励频率起主要作用;地面各测点在顺桥向、横桥向和垂向3个方向上的振动优势频率范围为25~80Hz;随着距离的增加,垂向地面振动在优势频段显著衰减,而顺桥向和横桥向地面振动在1~80Hz频段内均明显衰减;各测点在各测试车速下,垂向地面振动比顺桥向和横桥向大,而同一测点在顺桥向和横桥向的地面振动加速度级最多相差2dB;顺桥向和横桥向地面振动在距振源约30m处出现放大现象;车速为250~320km/h时,近场总体振动加速度级随车速增加而增大约6dB,但车速为330~385km/h时的各测点总体振动加速度级相差不超过2dB。      

双通道高速数据采集系统的设计与探讨

介绍了一种采样频率可调的双通道高速数据采集系统的设计方法．该系统由高速A／D转换、高速缓存、频率可调与定时控制逻辑、译码和接口组成，它有效地解决了高速实时信号与接口总线的速度兼容问题，本系统具有采样频率可调、运行方式灵活等特点，可用于交通枢纽环境噪声的测量、电力测量、生物电波、爆破作业、电子学频谱分析等两路数据的实时采集，具有较好的可靠性和实用性，若采用更高性能的A／D转换器、定时器、计数器等元件，系统可升级为超高速同步的多通道的数据采集系统，适用于要求更高的场合。     

SoC的可靠性和低功耗协同优化

针对SoC的高可靠性和低功耗的设计要求,分析了动态电压与频率调节技术对系统功耗、温度和软错误率的影响,构建了SoC的可靠性和功耗的协同优化设计模型,提出了可靠性和低功耗协同设计的新方法,并通过考虑可靠性的动态电压与频率调节调度算法进行了仿真,验证了算法的有效性和可行性.结果表明,在可靠性降低5%的情况下,可节省约15.99%的功耗.     

额定功率下高速机车谐波特性的仿真分析

通过综合分析高速机车脉宽调制(PWM)整流器谐波电压产生的过程和牵引供电系统的谐波阻抗特性,对高速机车以额定功率运行时谐波的动态特性进行了计算和分析.采用双傅立叶级数和Bessel函数推导出PWM整流器谐波电压的计算式;基于分布参数模型导出了接触网谐波阻抗的表达式,进而对串联、并联谐振进行了分析.在此基础上,对机车在额定功率下的谐波电压和谐波电流进行了仿真计算和频谱分析.结果表明:谐波电压和谐波电流的频谱特性均与机车位置有关,尤其是谐波电流的变化更大;特定次谐波在特定线路位置发生串联谐振,且谐振位置随机车位置变化;谐波电流含量很小,主要集中在3～9次低次谐波和发生串联谐振的频带.     

磁浮列车非接触式供电技术

针对高速磁浮列车在狭窄空间内高经济性、高可靠性车载供电需求，在耦合磁路、电气性能仿真、设计优化基础上，提出一种发射端多匝线圈且无磁芯、拾取端类似双U型耦合磁路结构的非接触供电系统（inductive power supply，IPS），该系统采用了理论设计、仿真分析以及试验验证相结合的研究方法. 首先，根据高速磁浮列车供电需求，通过理论计算确定各设备主要参数，完成IPS系统设计方案；然后，进行耦合磁路设计及仿真分析:利用Maxwell软件对多种耦合磁路进行3D仿真分析，确定耦合磁路最优设计方案，开展三维电磁仿真得到拾取装置与地面发射线圈间互感；紧接着，进行电气性能仿真分析:利用Matlab软件建立IPS系统电气仿真模型，仿真IPS系统传输功率及效率，根据供电需求确定补偿装置、地面逆变电源及DC/DC参数；最后，研制完成供电功率150 kW磁场耦合非接触供电系统，并部署于磁浮样车试验线，完成了现场EMC （electromagnetic magnetic compatibility）性能、电气性能测试验证. 验证结果表明:传输功率超过150 kW，效率92%，达到项目预期目标.      

摄动结构中基于H∞范数的调液阻尼器减震优化设计

为了减小建筑结构在地震作用下的振动,对调液柱型阻尼器的质量比、频率比和阻尼比进行优化设计.以5层框架建筑结构为例,考虑结构参数的摄动,将优化目标设为地震动到结构动力响应传递函数的H∞范数,得到调液柱型阻尼器最优质量比、频率比和阻尼比的数值分别为0.022 801、0.909 070和0.098 655.采用此最优值,对控制体系的鲁棒性进行验证.结果表明:在频域和时域内,控制系统在地震动作用下对结构参数摄动均具有良好的鲁棒性;当系统的质量、阻尼和刚度的最大摄动量分别达到30%时,系统仍能保持7%以上的减震水平.      

PSCAD based multi-infeed HVDC system simulation validated by a recorded fault

More and more high voltage direct current （HVDC） converters are being located in a load area in the Yangtze River Delta Region in China. It＇s large transmission capacity and intensive placement are hardly seen in other countries. Accurate and reliable study tools and methods are extremely needed for power system engineers and researchers to deal with such problems which were never met before and otherwhere. A novel approach on electromagnetic modeling of alternating current / direct current （AC/DC） system is proposed and simulation is carried out to replay a real AC 3-phase to ground fault on a multi-infeed high voltage direct current （MIHVDC） system. AC system is specially simplified. Dynamic models and real parameters are adopted in main AC/DC equipments concerned and retained. Modeling and simulation are based on the power system computer aided design/electro-magnetic transient in direct current （PSCAD/EMTDC） system software package. Comparisons between simulation results and the records from the fault recorders are studied including both AC and DC quantities.     

浅谈逆变器与驱动互锁保护的设计应用

介绍一种两相逆变器的驱动与互锁保护电路,应用该电路可消除逆变桥路中同一相桥臂的直接短路现象。驱动电路的作用是将8031CPU输出的调频控制信号放大到足以驱动功率晶体管,在变频调速控制系统中,驱动电路的性能在某种程度上直接影响系统功能。保护电路对于VVVF系统的可靠性、延长装置的寿命及避免功率管损坏都起到决定性作用。