旅游业迈入细分时代精品旅游车市风生水起

随着中国经济的发展,旅游资源不断开发,旅游业也进入高速发展的阶段.目前,中国旅游市场呈现越来越明显的细分态势.旅游市场的变化,催生了各地精品旅游线路,为与精品旅游线路相配套,传统的旅游车显然不足以胜任,各大客车企业纷纷推出各种精品旅游车.一时间,旅游用车市场持续火爆,精品旅游车更是风生水起.在奔往祖国秀丽风景的途中,精品旅游车一路寻找大小商机,一路拓展各路财源.     

济青高速公路护栏改造设计

介绍了济青高速公路护栏现状、存在的问题和护栏改造的设计原则、设计方案。     

梁柱式钢结构桥梁护栏结构设计研究

为了提升桥梁交通过程中护栏的防护等级,让护栏的承载力得到提升,探讨桥梁护栏的具体类型和结构,对护栏结构优化安全性能进行分析,结合具体案例,对护栏结构优化设计策略进行全面总结和分析,让梁柱式钢结构桥梁护栏结构得到全面深入的应用。     

高速公路钢护栏改造碰撞实验研究

近几年国内很多高速公路在改造维护过程中对路面都进行了重新罩面,导致护栏板距地面高度降低,无法满足国家标准的要求.为方便旧护栏的再利用,提高经济性,采用计算机仿真技术进行方案初选后,由实车碰撞试验确定满足相关规范要求的护栏改造方案是评价护栏改造方案最直接、最有效的方法.通过此方法确定了一种施工简便且造价较低的护栏改造方案,该方案不仅简便,而且降低了护栏改造费用,减少了对运营的影响,适合应用于目前状况下我国高速公路护栏改造及再利用.     

深汕高速公路东段护栏升级改造方案研究

随着广东高速公路建设规模的不断扩大,机动车交通量日益增加,交通安全问题不容忽视。文章将旧规范对高速公路护栏的规定和设计要求与新标准进行对比,认为目前的高速公路护栏等级已不能满足现有标准的要求。为提升高速公路护栏的安全性能,文章对深汕高速公路东段重新布设新护栏、在旧护栏基础上加密立柱或更换防阻块等改造方案进行评价研究,并提出改善建议。通过对深汕高速公路东段的护栏进行升级改造,实践结果表明,虽然交通量在逐年增加,但交通事故数在不断减少,有效降低了二次事故伤害率,可为相关项目提供有效的参考依据。     

山区公路路侧护栏等级选择方法

路侧护栏是高速公路、山区公路和桥梁路段最常用的安全保障措施。文章针对路侧安全防撞护栏等级设计中常出现的问题,提出护栏设置的六个参考准则,进而研究层次分析法(The analytic hierarchy process,AHP)在路侧护栏安全等级选择中的应用。     

耒宜高速公路中央分隔带单坡面混凝土护栏改造方案设计探讨

耒宜高速公路路面大修导致原中央分隔带单坡面混凝土护栏有效高度减小,防护能力不足,因而需进行护栏改造设计。本文在理论上提出了3种改造方案并进行对比,对推荐方案进行计算机仿真及实车碰撞试验验证。本项目的设计及研究结论,对同类高速公路大修项目的护栏改造能起到一定借鉴作用。     

公路护栏碰撞分析及探讨

随着我国公路里程数和车辆保有量日益增长,道路交通事故中的公路护栏碰撞问题也层出不穷,迫切需要对交通安全设施工程进行专项研究。文章通过分析公路护栏问题存在的现状,研究国内外护栏规范水平差异、设计原则及影响因素,分析了护栏碰撞问题囊括的运动学、动量定理、质量及能量守恒法公式,并对车辆碰撞公路护栏的数值模拟进行研究,得出评价及建议,研究成果可为交安工程设计和施工提供参考。     

绿色新材料在内蒙古公路护栏中的应用研究

以Q415NH、Q450NH、Q700NH三种轻量化耐候钢替代传统Q235普通碳素钢生产的公路护栏,其“轻量化、少污染、低排放、高耐久、便养护”的特点,在满足公路护栏安全性能要求的同时,通过用钢量的降低和免镀锌处理,可降低公路波形梁护栏全生命周期内CO₂和各种污染物的排放量,降低护栏生产成本5%～10%,降低施工和养护成本25%以上。以内蒙古公路交通投资发展有限公司在建的3390延公里护栏为例,可节约护栏生产成本1.2亿元,降低用钢量6.16万吨,护栏生产运输环节减少CO₂排放13.41万吨。     

高缘石护栏安全性能研究

高缘石护栏以其造价低、易施工、后期养护费用低等优点在公路中得到广泛应用。文章通过计算机模拟仿真对高缘石护栏的安全性能展开研究,在AN-SYS/LS_DYNA环境下进行车辆护栏耦合体系的参数化建模与车辆运动轨迹及损害程度的计算分析,并比较了高缘石护栏和已经得到广泛应用的新泽西护栏的优劣,得出高缘石护栏是一种各项力学性能指标均符合要求的护栏型式。     

城市桥梁声屏障设计研究

文章结合某城市桥梁声屏障设计实例,针对该桥两侧敏感点的分布情况,选择合适类型的声屏障,并通过科学的声学计算,从结构、排水、景观三个方面进行了声屏障设计,对类似项目的声屏障设计有一定的借鉴意义。     

Experimental evaluation of the efficiency of trenches for the mitigation of train-induced vibrations

In this work, the efficiency of absorbing barriers for the mitigation of ground vibrations induced by railway traffic has been evaluated by means of two different experimental campaigns conducted in situ, along the newly-built, high-speed railway line that connects the Italian cities of Milan and Bologna. In the first stage of testing, a series of ideal barriers created from unsupported empty trenches were tested to assess the effects of barrier depth on their efficiency in reducing vertical ground accelerations. The second stage of testing was performed to investigate the efficiency of a full-scale prototype barrier, made of a 2-meter-deep trench supported by two precast reinforced concrete plates connected by steel bars, during transit of an ETR 500 train at a speed of 120 km/h.     

Understanding the development of business travel policies: Reducing business travel,motivations and barriers

Business travel accounted in the UK in 2010 for 3% of trips and 10% of the UK’s domestic distance travelled (Department for Transport, 2011, p. 4). However, it is an under researched area, even though in major cities, where transport networks are most congested, it forms a higher proportion of trips. The paper presents the findings of a study of changing business travel practices and policies affecting the briefcase traveller. The findings are drawn from semi-structured interviews with key actors in stakeholder and private sector organisations based predominately in London and a survey of 150 business travellers. The study was designed to understand the motivations and attitudes towards reducing business travel and the compromises that needed to be made to balance reducing carbon emissions and cost, whilst maintaining or improving productivity and meeting the requirements of the business.The main findings show the approaches and implications of these approaches to reduce carbon emissions and costs, improve productivity and the impact of ICT. The findings show the importance of external reporting through the Carbon Reduction Commitment, the Carbon Disclosure Project and corporate responsibility reports as a motivator to develop new policies. The paper goes on to outline how some factors can be both barriers and motivations for change, such as customers insisting on meeting their suppliers face-to-face, but also requiring information on carbon emissions as part of the Carbon Disclosure Project. Individuals can also be both a barrier and a motivator to change. The role of existing travel and meeting habits and the view of some that travelling is a perk linked to status symbols have proved to be a hard barriers to overcome. However, a technically literate younger generation used to communicating virtually have challenged these practices.     

Multi-criteria approach for the selection of alternative options for environmentally sustainable transport system in Delhi

The present study examines the impact of including various qualitative criteria for the selection of alternative transportation options in Delhi. Three alternative transport options viz. 4-stroke 2-wheelers, CNG cars and CNG buses are prioritized based on six different criteria––energy saving potential (energy), emission reduction potential (environment), cost of operation (cost), availability of technology (technology), adaptability of the option (adaptability) and barriers to implementation (barrier). Based on quantitative criteria ‘energy’, ‘environment’ and ‘cost’, CNG car showed more potential in contributing to environmentally sustainable transport system in Delhi followed by 4-stroke 2-wheelers and CNG buses. Qualitative criteria viz. ‘technology’, ‘adaptability’ and ‘barriers’ in prioritization process resulted in higher priority for 4-stroke 2-wheelers followed by CNG bus and CNG car. Integrated quantitative and qualitative criteria gave a contrasting result as compared to that of the conventional quantitative approach and qualitative approach with highest priority for CNG bus followed by 4-stroke 2-wheelers and CNG car. This could explain the reasons for failure of many potential alternative urban transport options.     

轨道交通声屏障声学设计思路探讨

随着轨道交通建设的发展,交通噪声的污染越来越严重。声屏障作为一种降低交通噪声有效的方法,越来越受到人们的重视。声屏障设计是一个综合复杂的问题,需要考虑多项因素,包括声学特性、景观效果、结构安全、防火性能以及维护保养等,但最主要的还是声学设计。     

城市桥梁声屏障设计及交通噪声控制研究

城市桥梁交通噪声污染随着城市道路的发展和车辆增多日益严重,引起了人们的普遍关注。文章以北大桥声屏障设计为研究对象,结合北大桥交通噪声污染调查分析,阐述了声屏障高度、声屏障结构形式等声屏障设计治理方案,并从规划阶段、运营阶段等方面探讨了城市桥梁交通噪声的控制对策。     

位移反分析法在新加坡某综合娱乐城地铁深基坑工程中的应用

本文以新加坡滨海湾金沙综合娱乐城P8402标项目的深基坑开挖支护为例,通过ValetParking（北基坑）信息化施工监测数据的反馈,运用位移反分析法,实现北基坑减少一道钢支撑的施工设计优化。详细阐述了位移反分析法成功运用的过程,通过有限元数值分析法,分析了P8402工程中的设计优化过程,为位移反分析法的研究和应用提供...     

沉管隧道地震响应分析

文章采用田村重四郎和冈本舜三提出的沉埋隧道地震响应分析的数学模型,对南京长江越江隧道(沉管段)方案进行了地震响应的纵向受力分析。分析中采用了隧址处100年超越概率为2%的人工合成地震加速度,考虑了不同管段的联结方式和不同的计算参数,对初步设计中沉管段结构的安全性进行了论证,所提供的数据曾为设计单位所采纳[1]。     

空气交换方法在公路隧道纵向通风中的应用研究

为了最大程度地发挥射流风机在双洞单向公路隧道纵向通风中的潜力,针对相邻两条上、下行隧道内通风负荷相差较大的特点,根据隧道通风基本理论,对一种新型的隧道通风换气方法——空气交换进行了较详细的研究,给出了该方法在公路隧道纵向通风中的应用范围和具体的设计算法,并利用其对某隧道进行了简要的通风设计计算。结果表明,该隧道采用空气交换方法构建的通风换气系统后,节约了隧道通风系统的初投资和运营费用。     

Barriers to Passenger Rail Use: A Review of the Evidence

Research has shown that even when rail travel is the most cost-effective mode of transport for a particular journey, many travellers will still choose other modes. This indicates the existence of non-financial barriers to rail use, and this paper reviews the evidence on the importance of such barriers, focusing particularly on the UK but also considering research from other countries. A total of 37 distinct barriers were identified, and these can be divided into “hard”, “soft” and “complementary” factors. Travellers are unlikely to consider these barriers individually, viewing them instead as a package, which can make it difficult to identify which barriers are most significant. In many cases, all barriers which exist for a particular traveller will need to be addressed before mode shift occurs. After considering the relative importance of the different barriers, the paper concludes by making some suggestions as to the most effective ways in which these barriers can be overcome and mode shift to rail achieved. This has key implications for transport policy, as it can inform the targeting of the limited funds available to influence travel behaviour and increase the sustainability of travel patterns.