共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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本文利用可接受间隙和交通需求---通行能力控制模型,建立匝道交通量与匝道连接点上游路段交通量在和级服务水平上的对应关系,并讨论了匝道入口接近,对下游路段最大服务交通量的影响,得出了对高速道路实施匝道入口控制的必要性和时机。 相似文献
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为提升多车道高速公路主线合流区通行效率,由于主线合流区各车道交通特征差异,针对多条匝道相互合流再一同汇入主线的情况,分析了主线合流区流量均衡状态、各车道饱和状态和匝道流量对通行效率的影响,提出了多车道高速公路车道分配与入口多匝道协同控制模型,主要通过主线车道控制引导上游主线车辆提前选择合适车道行驶,同时采用入口多匝道控制协调匝道合流区各汇入匝道车辆的驶入,实现主线和匝道的通行效率最大化提升。仿真验证及工程应用结果表明:通过主线车道控制引导上游主线车辆尽量选择内侧车道行驶,尽管会增加内侧车道行驶车辆的车均延误,但明显降低了主线和匝道的整体车均延误,说明主线车道控制与入口多匝道控制相结合对合流区通行效率提升优势明显,且主线合流区各车道流量均衡有助于提升入口匝道汇入效率。 相似文献
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针对现有城市快速路入口匝道控制方法中驶入匝道的车辆需停车后才能汇入主线的典型问题,提出了对城市快速路入口匝道进行速度控制的方法。以速度为控制参量,在传统的需求-容量控制的基础上,提出了匝道汇入速度控制方法,使匝道上的车辆能够不停车地汇入主线;根据快速路主线上下游的通行能力以及运行特征,得到匝道汇入率,再由交通流基本流密速关系,确定匝道上车辆的控制速度。以上海市典型匝道———内环内侧武宁路上匝道为例,借助Vissim仿真软件,建立微观仿真模型,对该入口匝道进行速度控制的仿真评价。结果表明,与定时控制和无控制相比,对入口匝道进行速度控制可以减少路网平均延误和匝道平均延误,提高主线下游平均车速;减少匝道车辆平均停车次数。该类方法特别适合于上坡汇入高架快速路的匝道控制。 相似文献
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城市快速道路交通流建模和控制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
首先回顾城市快速路宏观流体模型的发展,简析常用模型的推导建立过程,讨论宏观模型的使用。然后,以入口匝道流量调节作为受控快速路系统的控制输入,构造城市快速路交通流动态控制模型及最优控制问题,采用多层分散控制思想,给出一种实用的准最佳控制方法,通过交通仿真说明其有效性。 相似文献
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Freeway merging sections are critical segments that can recurrently activate peak-hour traffic congestion. This article proposes a novel vehicular gap control method as a new Active Traffic Management (ATM) strategy to be added to the existing Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) toolboxes for freeway merge control. The proposed strategy, “Gap Metering,” can be considered a non-stopping mainline version of ramp metering. It utilizes signals advising mainline through vehicles to yield sufficient gaps for merging vehicles. Detailed system design and control methods are proposed and implemented in VISSIM (please spell out the abbreviation of VISSIM for this first instance), a microsimulation software package. Different driver behavior sets with different standstill headway values are created to allow switching between gap-metered vehicles and regular vehicles. We evaluate the proposed system through two VISSIM models built and calibrated, respectively, for both the I-894 corridor in Milwaukee, WI, and the Riverside Drive segment on I-35 northbound in Austin, TX. Both corridors experience severe morning peak-hour congestion. We use the I-894 corridor for testing the system design parameters and use the I-35 corridor to conduct a comparison with the ramp metering strategies. The I-894 results indicate an average of 10–20% network delay reduction among all scenarios. We then tested the scenario on the I-35 corridor and compared with the ALINEAR ramp metering. Gap metering strategies alone or combined with ramp metering can, respectively, reduce 17% and 27% more total delay than ramp metering only control at 20% compliance rate. 相似文献
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城市快速路与地面道路交通整合控制分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
阐述了城市快速路与普通城市道路交通整合控制的必要性,叙述了国内外研究者提出的比较成熟的匝道控制方法及匝道与地面交通整合控制方法,提出了以城市快速路主线流量与匝道流量之和应小于合流处通行能力、主线车辆占有率应小于最佳占有率、速度约束以及普通城市道路地面交叉口的最大排队长度应小于路段长度为匝道控制约束条件;提出了以通过城市快速路系统和地面交叉口的总旅行时间最小为优化目标函数,实现城市快速路与普通道路的上、下匝道整合控制,以取得最优的城市综合交通系统效益. 相似文献
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This paper presents a stochastic characterization of highway capacity and explores its implications on ramp metering control at the corridor level. The stochastic variation of highway capacity is captured through a Space–Time Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (STARIMA) model. It is identified following a Seasonal STARIMA model (0, 0, 23) × (0, 1, 0)2, which indicates that the capacities of adjacent locations are spatially–temporally correlated. Hourly capacity patterns further verify the stochastic nature of highway capacity. The goal of this paper is to study (1) how to take advantage of the extra information, such as capacity variation, and (2) what benefits can be gained from stochastic capacity modeling. The implication of stochastic capacity is investigated through a ramp metering case study. A mean–standard deviation formulation of capacity is proposed to achieve the trade-off between traffic operation efficiency and robustness. Following that, a modified stochastic capacity-constraint ZONE ramp metering scheme embedded cell transmission model algorithm is introduced. The numerical experiment suggests that considering capacity variation information would alleviate the spillback effect and improve throughput. Monte Carlo simulation further supports this argument. This study helps verify and characterize the stochastic nature of capacity, validates the benefits of using capacity variation information, and thus enhances the necessity of implementing stochastic capacity in traffic operation. 相似文献
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Variable speed limit (VSL) and ramp metering (RM) affect freeway traffic operations in different ways and, accordingly, result in different effects on system travel time. The primary objective of this study is to propose an analytical procedure to help determine which control measure should be selected given different freeway bottlenecks and traffic conditions. The bottlenecks considered included an isolated merge bottleneck, a merge bottleneck with a closely spaced upstream off-ramp, and a diverge bottleneck with a closely spaced upstream on-ramp. Two RM and a VSL control strategies were considered, including the ALINEA, ALINEA/Q and feedback based VSL. The maximum achievable improvements in system efficiency by various control measures were calculated and the results were tested using modified cell transmission models. A coordinated control strategy that combined ALINEA/Q and VSL control was also proposed. The effects of VSL and RM control on system travel time at different freeway bottleneck areas were compared to identify the applicable conditions of different control measures. The analytical procedure was proposed for the selection of control measures at different bottlenecks and the ex-ante estimation of control effects were also discussed. 相似文献
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匝道合流区是城市快速路冲突频发区,研究匝道合流控制方法对于提高道路的通行安全具有重要意义。文中基于冲突规避原则提出了CVIS环境下的匝道合流控制方法。考虑车辆特性和行驶的约束,以合流区冲突最小为目标,优化行车过程。经仿真验证,该方法能有效避免冲突并提高车辆行驶的舒适性,为匝道合流区的冲突管理提供控制方法。 相似文献
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高速公路事故响应控制模式构建 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
为优化高速公路发生交通事故后的入口匝道调节率,以达到减缓交通拥挤、降低事故冲击的目的,对高速公路交通事故发生后的车流行为进行了研究,以车流行为改变引起的检测信号为基础,建立了控制所需的行为参数集;利用控制理论,构建了高速公路事故动态随机响应控制模式,并利用卡尔曼滤波和线性二次高斯方法求解,通过实例演算进行评析。研究结果表明:提出的控制模式与无控制和定时控制相比较,对中等流量具有较好的控制效果,对较高流量和较低流量具有一定的控制效果,对较高流量和中等流量下的通过率有一定的改善。该控制模式可运用于高速公路智能控制系统之中,提高事故条件下的道路交通服务水平。 相似文献