公路路线测量PDA程序设计方法

利用PDA配合全站仪进行公路路线勘察测量可以大大提高工作效率.PDA测量程序利用VB.NET进行开发,其特点是程序可视化高,计算速度快,操作简便,使用方法与电脑操作类似;并且由于PDA存储量大,可对测量数据直接记录,减少内业工作量,摆脱了传统PC-E500及Casio-fx4800等测量方法的许多不足.文章介绍了该程序设计流程及方法.     

无线倾角测量系统在桥梁挠度监测中的应用

针对传统桥梁挠度测量的局限性,设计和开发了无线倾角测量系统测量桥梁挠度。首先介绍了倾角测量技术测量挠度的原理,在理论上证明了技术实现的可能性;其次介绍了系统的硬件设计和软件设计,为无线倾角测量系统的实现提供了保障;最后将该系统应用于工程实例中,对比分析了全站仪法和无线倾角测量系统测量桥梁挠度的数据,对应测点的相对误差均小于5%,满足精度要求。同时,无线倾角测量系统还具有无需布线、环境适应能力强和安装测量过程方便的优点,具有很高的工程应用价值。     

计算机控制全站仪的前方交会定位方法

文章根据红水河十五滩航道难于定位测量的实际情况,分析了常规测量定位方法的缺陷,提出了计算机控制全站仪进行前方交会定位的方法,并详细介绍了该方法的原理、计算机编程和操作使用步骤。经实践证明,该方法测量定位的符合率高,具有推荐意义和应用价值。     

智能全站仪在悬索桥桥梁荷载试验中的应用研究

全站仪在大跨径桥梁荷载试验中的应用越来越广泛。文章以TM50精密监测全站仪机器人为载体,介绍了智能全站仪的优势特点、基本原理和测试精度,并结合贵港市同济大桥工程实例,验证了智能全站仪在特大跨悬索桥荷载试验中应用的合理性。     

GPS-RTK（1＋2）技术在沿海水下炸礁施工中的应用

文章结合厦门港海沧航道扩建工程实践，介绍了利用全站仪与GPS-RTK（1＋2）技术进行炸礁作业施工放样的基本原理，阐述了全站仪与GPS-RTK放样作业的具体步骤及效果，并通过对比分析，验证了GPS-RTK（1＋2）技术的优越性。     

基于VBA的三牙轮钻头CAD系统

阐述了以AutoCAD为二次开发平台,利用内嵌于AutoCAD的VBA语言进行编程,开发三牙轮钻头计算机辅助设计系统的思想。对系统进行总体框架设计,确定三牙轮钻头CAD系统的功能模块,将系统分为界面管理模块、钻头齿面结构设计模块、数据库管理模块、参数化绘图模块、辅助功能模块5大模块。     

Intermec强力推新品

"世界上第一台带彩色照相机的工业级功能、世界上第一台同时具备四个无线收发模块的(广域网、局域网、内置全球定位、蓝牙)、世界上第一台支持第三代移动通信系统高速数据传输……"全球供应链解决方案公司美国易腾迈公司(Intermec)10月24日在中国宣布其C N 3移动计算机新品具有的三个世界第一,引起了诸多关注.这是Intermec本次发布的两款新品中的一款,另一新品名为CV30.     

全站仪遥测技术在乌鞘岭铁路隧道围岩变形监测中的应用

目前一些国家在隧道及地下工程中,通过采用数值像机、全站仪等仪器摄取掌子面及隧道断面的有关数据,如地质数据、变形数据,就可以比较方便、可靠地推定围岩的级别、进行3维地质分析以及进行隧道净空变形的观测等.文章重点介绍了利用全站仪进行围岩净空位移观测的量测技术,采用这项技术可自动采集隧道围岩净空位移的外业量测数据,通过计算机对数据进行自动分析处理,并以准确、直观的图形或报表形式将数据分析结果输出,及时为围岩稳定性判断和指导施工提供数据依据.     

免棱镜全站仪在旧桥几何尺寸测量中的应用

文章介绍了采用免棱镜全站仪进行旧桥几何尺寸测量的主要内容、优点、测点布置情况及方法,并结合具体工程实例,探讨了免棱镜全站仪的使用效果。     

浅谈全站仪在隧道拱顶沉降测量中的运用

在隧道施工监测中采用高性能全站仪测量拱顶沉降,其测量精度符合施工监测的要求。文章针对传统拱顶沉降监测方法的不足,分析高性能全站仪测量方法的优势,并结合建单山隧道工程实例,通过采用高性能全站仪和精密水准仪对隧道同一拱顶沉降测点进行变形监测及数据分析,证明了高性能全站仪监测拱顶沉降的可行性和优异性,对隧道拱顶沉降监测具有积极的参考意义。     

基于MATLAB与ARM的数据通信系统

针对传统单片机与上位机的数据采集与通信系统的速度与外扩展局限性,文章构建了一种基于ARM与以MATLAB为上位机的通信系统。该系统主要运用MAT-LAB新增的设备控制工具箱实现STM32与MATLAB之间的串口通信,简化了流程,提高了工作效率。通过应用该系统对ADXL345采集的加速度信号与MATLAB进行实时通信试验,结果表明该系统通信准确、运行稳定,可用于桥梁结构的健康监测数据传递。     

由测点坐标推算隧道断面开挖控制值的方法探讨

针对传统的采用极坐标放样已知坐标点的测量放样方法的不足,文章提出应用免棱镜全站仪测出任一点坐标,并采用通用的路线坐标计算公式和坐标变换算法,推算隧道断面开挖控制值的方法,可有效提高施工测量作业效率。     

瓮马铁路南北延伸线引入都匀地区方案研究

通过分析都匀地区既有铁路现状及规划铁路,结合瓮马铁路货物流向,提出了瓮马铁路南延线引入黔桂线的必要性。结合都匀地区地形、城市规划和自然保护区范围,研究了瓮马铁路在黔桂线的前方站(都匀北站)或黔桂线绿荫湖站设置交接场引入都匀地区的方案,考虑到运营管理分解划分明确,减少折角运输,一次性建成南北直通通道,吸引国铁直通车流等因素,宜采用设置都匀北站交接场的方案。根据线路引入既有黔桂线接轨点的不同,对双线区间接轨方案、新都匀站站房同侧引入方案和新都匀站站房对侧引入方案进行分析,从工程量、工程投资、运输组织、施工难度及风险、投资建设模式等方面比较,得出双线区间接轨引入都匀地区方案最优。     

埋地金属管道阴极保护电位无线采集PDA设计

文中设计了一种用于采集埋地金属管道阴极保护电位的手持PDA,该PDA结合固定在埋地金属管道测试桩上的数据采集模块,可方便实现对理地管道测试桩阴极保护电位的无线采集.介绍了系统的整体结构及PDA系统硬件组成,详细设计了PDA的功能及软件实现方法,PDA具有曲线显示、数据U盘存储功能,并兼具考勤打卡等功能,克服目前广泛采用...     

A network level connectivity robustness measure for connected vehicle environments

This study introduces a new CONnectivity ROBustness model (CONROB) to assess vehicle-to-vehicle communication in connected vehicle (CV) environments. CONROB is based on Newton’s universal law of gravitation and accounts for multiple factors affecting the connectivity in CV environments such as market penetration, wireless transmission range, spatial distribution of vehicles relative to each other, the spatial propagation of the wireless signal, and traffic density. The proposed methodology for the connectivity robustness calculation in CONROB accounts for the Link Expiration Time (LET) and the Route Expiration Time (RET) that are reflected in the stability of links between each two adjacent vehicles and the expiration time of communication routes between vehicles. Using a 117 sq-km (45-square mile) network in Washington County, located west of Portland city, Oregon, a microscopic simulation model (VISSIM) was built to verify CONROB model. A total of 45 scenarios were simulated for different traffic densities generated from five different traffic demand levels, three levels of market penetration (5%, 15%, and 25%), and three transmission range values [76 (250), 152 (500), and 305 (1000) m (ft)]. The simulation results show that the overall robustness increases as the market penetration increases, given the same transmission range, and relative traffic density. Similarly, the overall connectivity robustness increases as the relative traffic density increases for the same market penetration. More so, the connectivity robustness becomes more sensitive to the relative traffic density at higher values of transmission range and market penetration. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to show the significant effect of relative traffic density, transmission range, and market penetration on the robustness measure. The results of the study provide an evidence of the ability of the model to capture the effect of the different factors on the connectivity between vehicles, which provides a viable tool for assessing CV environments.     

Train-to-wayside wireless communication in tunnel using ultra-wide-band and time reversal

The capabilities of ultra-wide-band (UWB) technology make it a viable candidate for fourth generation wireless communication. This paper proposes the use of UWB radio technology and time-reversal (TR) technique for underground train-to-wayside communication systems. UWB technology has the potential to offer simultaneous ground-to-train communication, train location and obstacle detection in front of the trains. Time-reversal channel prefiltering facilitates signal detection and helps reducing interference. Thus, UWB–TR combination provides a challenging, economically sensible, as well as technically effective alternative solution to existing signaling technologies used in urban transport systems. This paper concentrates on the communication function and reports simulation and measurement performance evaluation of such combinations, respectively in a deterministic tunnel channel model and in real tunnel environments. A new approach is also proposed to ensure multiple access (MA) communication using modified-orthogonal waveforms.     

Instantaneous communication throughputs of vehicular ad hoc networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) formed by connected vehicles in a traffic stream could be applied to improve safety, mobility, and environmental impacts of a transportation system. In this paper, we present analytical models for the instantaneous communication throughputs of VANETs to measure the efficiency of information propagation under various traffic conditions at a time instant. In particular, we define broadcast and unicast communication throughputs by the wireless channel bandwith multiplied by the average probabilities that one vehicle is a successful receiver and sender in a VAENT, respectively. With a protocol communication model, we derive formulas to determine the probabilities for an equipped vehicle to be a successful broadcast receiver and a successful unicast receiver/sender, and obtain broadcast and unicast throughputs along discrete and continuous traffic streams. We further examine the impacts on communication throughputs of the transmission range and the interference range of dedicated short range communication devices as well as the market penetration rate of equipped vehicles and the percentage of senders. Finally, we investigate the influence of shock waves on communication throughputs.     

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication in a heterogeneous wireless network – Performance evaluation

Connected Vehicle Technology (CVT) requires wireless data transmission between vehicles (V2V), and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). Evaluating the performance of different network options for V2V and V2I communication that ensure optimal utilization of resources is a prerequisite when designing and developing robust wireless networks for CVT applications. Though dedicated short range communication (DSRC) has been considered as the primary communication option for CVT safety applications, the use of other wireless technologies (e.g., Wi-Fi, LTE, WiMAX) allow longer range communications and throughput requirements that could not be supported by DSRC alone. Further, the use of other wireless technology potentially reduces the need for costly DSRC infrastructure. In this research, the authors evaluated the performance of Het-Net consisting of Wi-Fi, DSRC and LTE technologies for V2V and V2I communications. An application layer handoff method was developed to enable Het-Net communication for two CVT applications: traffic data collection, and forward collision warning. The handoff method ensures the optimal utilization of available communication options (i.e., eliminate the need of using multiple communication options at the same time) and corresponding backhaul communication infrastructure depending on the connected vehicle application requirements. Field studies conducted in this research demonstrated that the use of Het-Net broadened the range and coverage of V2V and V2I communications. The use of the application layer handoff technique to maintain seamless connectivity for CVT applications was also successfully demonstrated and can be adopted in future Het-Net supported connected vehicle applications. A long handoff time was observed when the application switches from LTE to Wi-Fi. The delay is largely due to the time required to activate the 802.11 link and the time required for the vehicle to associate with the RSU (i.e., access point). Modifying the application to implement a soft handoff where a new network is seamlessly connected before breaking from the existing network can greatly reduce (or eliminate) the interruption of network service observed by the application. However, the use of a Het-Net did not compromise the performance of the traffic data collection application as this application does not require very low latency, unlike connected vehicle safety applications. Field tests revealed that the handoff between networks in Het-Net required several seconds (i.e., higher than 200 ms required for safety applications). Thus, Het-Net could not be used to support safety applications that require communication latency less than 200 ms. However, Het-Net could provide additional/supplementary connectivity for safety applications to warn vehicles upstream to take proactive actions to avoid problem locations. To validate and establish the findings from field tests that included a limited number of connected vehicles, ns-3 simulation experiments with a larger number of connected vehicles were conducted involving a DSRC and LTE Het-Net scenario. The latency and packet delivery error trend obtained from ns-3 simulation were found to be similar to the field experiment results.