浅谈现代轿车车轮定位对轮胎寿命的影响

介绍现代轿车车轮定位的新变化，分析了车轮定位不正确对轮胎磨损的影响；同时介绍了车轮定位的常用调整方法。     

博达汽车底盘技术系列讲座 四轮定位仪的关键技术

车轮定位的英文原名:wheel Alignment system,即“车轮定位系统”,人们通常所说“四轮定位”是不完全的概念,因为没有把“系统”的含意包括进去。车轮定位所涉及的因素(角度)包括:主销后倾角、主销内倾角、车轮外倾角、前束角、包容角、推进角及磨擦半径等。正确的车轮定位     

一种新型的非接触式汽车车轮定位质量检测系统

介绍了一种新型的非接触式汽车车轮定位质量检测系统，它采用结构光传感器检测车轮的定位参数，建立了一套分布式二级信号处理系统，解决了接触式测量面临的困难，有效地提高了汽车车轮定位质量检测的速度和精度，满足了现代汽车工业生产中快速、在线、高精度测量的要求     

现代轿车车轮定位的分析研究

随着汽车行驶的高速化及各新技术在汽车上的采用，对车轮定位提出了不同的要求。本文从理论上分析了主销内倾、主销后倾、车轮外倾、车轮前束大小的利弊，指出了其发展的趋势。并阐述了典型车轮定位的调整方法。     

车轮定位的基础知识

给车轮进行正确的定位,可以使汽车操纵起来更安全、乘坐更舒适,并能够最大限度地延长汽车轮胎的使用寿命。车轮定位整合了转向和悬挂系统的所有几何参数,以便获得安全的操纵性、乘坐的舒适性以及最长的轮胎使用寿命。轮胎磨损与方向的可控性车轮外倾角、车轮前束角和转     

车轮定位参数快速检测新方法研究

对车轮侧滑量与定位参数的相互影响关系进行了理论分析，在采集的东北三省汽车综合性能检测线的检测数据基础上，建立了基于神经网络理论的车轮侧滑量信息与主要定位参数的数学模型，提出了一种汽车检测线中车轮定位参数快速检测的新方法。     

车轮定位的检查与调整

汽车设计时,需要考虑很多参数。悬架系统的多重功用,使设计工作很复杂,需要考虑的因素决不仅仅是一些基本的几何结构,耐久性、维护性、轮胎磨损、有效空间及生产成本等都是关键要素。恰当的车轮定位可以保证转向轻便、乘坐舒适、轮胎寿命长、路面震动小。车轮定位主要包括主销后倾、车轮外倾和车轮前束等。 车轮定位不当的后果 车轮的各定位角可使车辆载荷能合理地分配在各运动部件上,并使转向轻     

汽车四轮定位调整案例分析

阐述了汽车车轮定位调整的意义及重要性;以一辆奔驰S350汽车直线行驶时向右跑偏故障为例,分析故障产生原因之一是前轮定位失准;结合该车故障的排除,说明了车轮定位的调整步骤和方法。     

基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的悬架结构硬点多目标优化

建立了悬架结构硬点优化设计流程,以车轮定位参数(车轮外倾角、车轮前束角、主销内倾角和主销后倾角)随轮跳的变化范围为目标对悬架结构硬点进行优化设计。考虑车轮定位参数中车轮前束角和车轮外倾角的关联性,采用直接加权法将二者随轮跳的变化范围进行整合,减少目标函数个数,提高趋向帕累托最优集的收敛性。优化后各目标值均得到不同程度减小,证明了该方法的可行性。     

轻型越野车车轮定位与悬架的相互影响

分析了轻型越野车采用悬架系统相应的车轮定位特性,通过对侧倾中心和车身侧倾角的分析,得出了车轮定位与悬架相互影响的工程理论研究方法,并通过ADAMS仿真分析和道路试验给予了验证。     

载荷转移对前转向轮定位及附加转角影响的虚拟试验研究

对模型样车的实际悬架及转向系统进行了分析,在结合实际的基础上对模型做了一些理想假设和简化,根据所获得模型的运动学参数,在ADAMS/View中建立了样车的多体仿真模型。通过改变两转向轮垂直作用力的大小模拟汽车转弯时左右车轮产生的载荷转移和制动时汽车前后轴产生的载荷转移,通过虚拟试验,对两者引起的转向轮的附加转角及对前轮定位参数的影响进行分析并得出结论。     

双横臂独立悬架ADAMS建模及运动特性分析

利用ADAMS建立了某轻型车完整的双横臂独立悬架运动学仿真模型,为反映车辆的真实行驶工况,对左、右车轮测试平台分别创建了随机激励。通过仿真分析,揭示了运动特性参数在悬架运动过程中的变化规律,并对原导向机构存在的问题进行了优化计算。结果表明,前轮定位参数在优化前、后的变化量较小,均在设计要求的范围内;轮距和前轮侧向滑移量的变化较大,优化后二者都在理想的范围内变动,达到了预期优化目标。     

Kinematics of a smart variable caster mechanism for a vehicle steerable wheel

The lateral force of a tyre is a function of the sideslip and camber angles. The camber angle can provide a significant effect on the stability of a vehicle by increasing or adjusting the required lateral force to keep the vehicle on the road. To control the camber angle and hence, the lateral force of each tyre, we can use the caster angle of the wheel. We introduce a possible variable and controllable caster angle ? in order to adjust the camber angle when the sideslip angle cannot be changed. As long as the left and right wheels are steering together according to a kinematic condition, such as Ackerman, the sideslip angle of the inner wheel cannot be increased independently to alter the reduced lateral force because of weight transfer and reduction of the normal load F _z . A variable caster mechanism can adjust the caster angle of the wheels to achieve their top capacity and maximise the lateral force, when needed. Such a system would potentially increase the safety, stability, and maneuverability of the vehicles. Using the screw theory, this paper will examine the kinematics of a variable caster and present the required mathematical equation to calculate the camber angle as a function of suspension mechanism parameters and other relevant variables. Having a steered wheel about a tilted steering axis will change the position and orientation of the wheel with respect to the body of the car. This paper provides the required kinematics of such a suspension and extracts the equations in special practical situations. The analysis is for an ideal situation in which we substitute the tyre with its equivalent disc at the tyre plane.     

Modeling of Double Lane Change Maneuver of Vehicles

Lane change maneuver is one of most riskiest driving tasks. In order to increase the safety level of the vehicles during this maneuver, design of lane change assist systems which are based on dynamics behavior of driver-vehicle unit is necessary. Therefore, modeling of the maneuver is the first step to design the driver assistance system. In this paper, a novel method for modeling of lateral motion of vehicles in the standard double-lane-change (DLC) maneuver is proposed. A neuro-fuzzy model is suggested consisting of both the vehicle orientation and its lateral position. The inputs of the model are the current orientation, lateral position and steering wheel angle, while the predicted lateral position and orientation of the vehicle are the outputs. The efficiency of the proposed method is verified using both simulation results and experimental tests. The simulation and experimental maneuvers are performed in different velocities. It is shown that the proposed method can effectively reduce the undesirable effects of environmental disturbances and is significantly more accurate in comparisons with the results in the recent available papers. This method can be used to personalize the advanced driver assistance systems.     

The concept design and dynamics analysis of a novel vehicle suspension mechanism with invariable orientation parameters

This paper starts with a classical mechanism synthesis problem and focuses on the concept design and dynamics analysis of an independent suspension that has invariable orientation parameters when the wheel moves up (jounces) and down (rebounds). The paper first proposes a symmetric redundant constraint suspension structure that has invariable orientation parameters. And then, it analyses the mechanism mobility with the reciprocal screw theory, after which it establishes the displacement constraint equations of the suspension. This type of suspension has all the advantages of the sliding pillar suspension but overcomes its disadvantage of over-wearing. Through differentiating the constraint equations with respect to time, it obtains the kinematics relationship and builds up the dynamics equations of the suspension via Newton–Euler method. Numerical simulations indicate that this kind of independent suspensions should not only eliminate the shambling shocks induced by the jumping of wheels but also decrease the abrasion of the wheels. Therefore, this kind of independent suspensions can obviously improve the ride and handling properties of advanced automobiles.     

多连杆悬架与双横臂悬架运动学和弹性运动学特性分析

改进了某轻型客货两用车双横臂式前悬架系统为多连杆悬架系统,运用多体动力学软件ADAMS/CAR建立了该双横臂与多连杆前悬架及转向系统的虚拟样机模型。采用轮跳方法、加载地面制动力和侧向力方法,对两种悬架系统进行了运动学与弹性运动学特性仿真对比分析。结果表明,多连杆悬架对车身的侧倾和纵倾、车轮定位及顺从转向效应等都比双横臂悬架具有较好的抑制作用,有利于提高汽车操纵稳定性。     

Railway Wheel and Automotive Tyre

In the present paper the theories of the railway wheel and the automotive tyre are discussed. After an introduction the paper opens with a discussion of the common ground, viz. the rolling motion of deformable bodies. Then the railway wheel is discussed, and it is shown that all aspects may be calculated numerically from the material constants Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, and the coefficient of friction, and from the geometry of wheel and rail. Next the automotive wheel is considered. Such a wheel is very anisotropic, to the extent that the theory of the lateral motion (out-of-plane dynamics) is radically different from the longitudinal, or in-plane motion. Moreover, the analysis of the automotive wheel heavily relies on experiments. In the conclusion, the theories are compared.     

基于响应面方法的汽车转向车轮定位参数优化设计

以多体动力学为基础,建立了某车型的整车虚拟样机模型,分析了转向车轮定位参数与转向回正性能具体量化指标之间的定量关系。采用响应面技术建立了两者之间的二阶响应面模型,通过最优化技术对二阶响应面模型进行了优化,并通过具体算例验证了所提方法的有效性。     

Railway Wheel and Automotive Tyre

SUMMARY

In the present paper the theories of the railway wheel and the automotive tyre are discussed. After an introduction the paper opens with a discussion of the common ground, viz. the rolling motion of deformable bodies. Then the railway wheel is discussed, and it is shown that all aspects may be calculated numerically from the material constants Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, and the coefficient of friction, and from the geometry of wheel and rail. Next the automotive wheel is considered. Such a wheel is very anisotropic, to the extent that the theory of the lateral motion (out-of-plane dynamics) is radically different from the longitudinal, or in-plane motion. Moreover, the analysis of the automotive wheel heavily relies on experiments. In the conclusion, the theories are compared.     

基于模态分析的汽车转向盘怠速抖动优化

针对某轿车怠速开空调转向盘抖动的问题,对转向盘和排气系统模态进行分析,发现该车转向盘和排气系统在约束条件下的模态参数与发动机的2阶点火频率相一致.调整了其转向盘和排气系统的模态,并针对优化后转向盘进行了振动试验.结果表明,转向盘X方向的振动由0.90 m/s2降为0.31 m/s2,Y方向的振动由1.05 m/s2降为...