一种新型主动横向稳定杆装置的设计与特性分析

针对传统被动横向稳定杆不能根据车辆的侧倾角大小来调整车辆的侧倾角刚度,导致车辆在高速大转角时容易发生侧翻的问题,设计了一种新型的刚度可调式主动横向稳定杆(AARB)装置。建立了该AARB装置的侧倾角刚度数学模型,分析了各结构参数对该侧倾角刚度特性的影响规律。最后,通过试验验证了该主动横向稳定杆能比被动横向稳定杆更有效地控制车辆的侧倾,防止车辆发生侧翻。     

矿用货车自动驾驶条件下侧翻安全分析与极限参数研究

为防止自动驾驶条件下矿用货车发生侧翻,对依靠规划控制层实现侧翻事故的主动预防方法进行研究.针对该问题先建立矿用货车侧倾数学模型,推导静态稳定因子(Static Stability Factor,SSF)与车辆侧倾稳定极限(Roll Stability Limit,RSL)公式.利用TruckSim仿真软件完成水平路面1...     

基于ADAMS的砼搅拌运输车侧翻极限分析

针对砼搅拌运输车侧翻事故多发的现象,基于ADAMS/Car建立砼搅拌运输车的多体动力学整车模型,对搅拌车的抗侧翻特性及操纵稳定性进行仿真试验;设计并进行了准静态侧翻试验、稳态回转试验、角阶跃输入试验和蛇行试验,通过虚拟试验的方式探讨了搅拌车的行驶稳定极限,得到搅拌车的侧翻阈值在0.37左右,而发生侧翻的临界侧倾角为6°,该结论可作为侧翻预警及主动侧翻控制的门限值,为进一步研发搅拌车的侧翻预警系统及防侧翻装置提供理论依据。     

一种新型开关式主动横向稳定杆装置的控制研究

针对装有被动横向稳定杆的车辆在高速大转角转向时容易发生侧翻及在直线行驶时乘坐舒适性变差的问题,设计了一种开关式主动横向稳定杆装置。基于整车6自由度模型设计了线性二次型最优控制器对车辆转向时的侧倾进行控制;直线行驶时,主动横向稳定杆处于"OFF"状态,降低悬架刚度,提高车辆舒适性。采用时域与频域仿真验证了该装置的有效性,并通过台架试验对基于粒子群优化的线性二次型最优侧倾控制策略进行了验证。     

客车静态和动态侧倾稳定性判别方法对比研究

建立了某款客车侧向、横摆和侧倾的3自由度动力学数学模型,进行了该客车的静态稳定性因子和静态侧翻稳定角的计算,以及动态鱼钩试验和双移线试验的仿真对比。结果表明,静态工况下计算得出的客车所能达到的车辆侧向加速度要比动态工况下的大,客车在极限工况下容易发生侧滑或横摆失稳,发生绊倒侧翻的可能性大于非绊倒侧翻。     

基于零力矩点位置和模糊控制的商用车防侧翻控制

为了防止车辆发生侧翻,引入零力矩点的位置作为车辆侧翻的指标。根据某一时刻车辆的状态,预测下一段时间内零力矩点的y坐标,来计算该时刻的侧翻时间。一旦某时刻的侧翻时间小于设定的门限值,则激活车辆防侧翻控制策略,对车辆进行控制,防止车辆发生侧翻。本文中采用基于模糊控制的PID控制策略,对不同的车轮施加不同制动力矩,防止车辆发生侧翻。通过Truck Sim和Matlab/Simulink联合仿真,对算法进行验证,对采取模糊控制差动制动策略、传统的PID策略和无侧翻控制策略的车辆,分别进行阶跃试验和鱼钩试验,测取采取不同控制策略车辆的实时侧倾角。对比结果表明,采用模糊差动制动控制策略的车辆,防侧翻性能最好。     

液压互联悬架抗侧倾控制研究（双语出版）

针对车辆减少能量消耗与提高抗侧倾能力需求,提出了一种主/被动可切换的液压互联悬架抗侧倾控制方法。基于9自由度车辆动力学模型,考虑蓄能器、液压缸、液压泵三者之间耦合的体积-流量-压力特性,建立液压互联悬架主动控制时域模型;结合"车身侧倾角-车身侧倾角速度"相平面法及车辆侧向加速度,得到车辆侧倾稳定域,并提出液压互联悬架系统侧倾稳定性控制介入与退出判据;在此基础上,采用Backstepping非线性控制算法设计主动液压互联抗侧倾控制器。最后,分析并改进侧倾稳定性评价指标,通过在MATLAB/Simulink环境下进行高速双移线、鱼钩试验等极端工况数值仿真,验证所提出的液压互联悬架主/被动切换控制系统能在减少能量消耗的情况下能否提高车辆抗侧翻的能力。研究结果表明：所提出的控制系统能有效提高车辆抗侧翻能力;当车辆侧倾状态超出设定的侧倾稳定区域介入线时,液压互联悬架系统由被动模式切换为主动抗侧倾模式,控制车辆侧倾状态回到稳定区域,以提高车辆侧倾稳定性;当判定车辆侧倾状态满足主动控制退出条件时,液压互联悬架系统回到被动模式,以减小能量消耗。     

基于主动横向稳定杆与差动制动联合控制的车辆防侧翻研究

针对高速行驶的车辆处于大转角、避障等紧急工况下容易出现侧翻的问题,本文中提出了采用差动制动与主动横向稳定杆联合对车辆进行侧翻控制策略。为提高对车辆侧翻的控制效果,一方面通过全轮差动制动来提高车辆的横摆稳定性,防止车辆由于失稳产生绊倒性侧翻,并减小车辆的侧倾;另一方面,考虑到处于紧急工况下车辆的非线性与时变性,采用主动横向稳定杆并设计了2阶滑模超螺旋控制器来动态跟踪车辆的理想侧倾角,实现驾驶员对车辆侧倾姿态的准确判断,防止驾驶员产生误操作,进一步提高了车辆的防侧翻能力。最后,通过硬件在环试验对提出的主动横向稳定杆与差动制动联合控制策略的有效性进行了验证。     

液压互联悬架抗侧倾控制研究

针对车辆减少能量消耗与提高抗侧倾能力需求,提出了一种主/被动可切换的液压互联悬架抗侧倾控制方法。基于9自由度车辆动力学模型,考虑蓄能器、液压缸、液压泵三者之间耦合的体积-流量-压力特性,建立液压互联悬架主动控制时域模型;结合"车身侧倾角-车身侧倾角速度"相平面法及车辆侧向加速度,得到车辆侧倾稳定域,并提出液压互联悬架系统侧倾稳定性控制介入与退出判据;在此基础上,采用Backstepping非线性控制算法设计主动液压互联抗侧倾控制器。最后,分析并改进侧倾稳定性评价指标,通过在MATLAB/Simulink环境下进行高速双移线、鱼钩试验等极端工况数值仿真,验证所提出的液压互联悬架主/被动切换控制系统能在减少能量消耗的情况下能否提高车辆抗侧翻的能力。研究结果表明:所提出的控制系统能有效提高车辆抗侧翻能力;当车辆侧倾状态超出设定的侧倾稳定区域介入线时,液压互联悬架系统由被动模式切换为主动抗侧倾模式,控制车辆侧倾状态回到稳定区域,以提高车辆侧倾稳定性;当判定车辆侧倾状态满足主动控制退出条件时,液压互联悬架系统回到被动模式,以减小能量消耗。     

侧翻之烦

车辆侧翻,指车辆主体或总体向行驶或停放方向左侧或右侧倾倒甚至翻倒的一种事故现象.美国高速公路交通安全管理局统计数据表明,在车辆事故中,侧翻的危害程度仅次于碰撞事故居第2位.近几年来,侧翻之烦作为重要的安全问题,受到普遍关注.侧翻的传统静态稳定因素包括重心高度及轮距宽度,而动态稳定因素不仅包括静态稳定因素,还包括簧载质量差异、重心横向位置、悬架侧倾刚度、车辆侧倾臂长、轮胎及悬架变形等结构参数,以及车速、转弯半径等操纵参数的影响.本文从重力偏心、离心力离心、力偶矩分心等3个侧翻根源人手分析,提出预防和解决侧翻之烦的系列对策.     

多用途乘用车侧翻稳定性能动态测试方法研究

对比分析了国内外车辆侧翻稳定性相关的标准法规的基本情况。研究了车辆发生侧翻的类型和机理,基于侧向加速度判断车辆侧翻状态的方法,通过整车道路试验对比了正弦停滞试验和鱼钩试验诱导车辆发生侧翻的效果,初步探讨了多用途乘用车侧翻稳定性动态测试方法和评价指标,为国内车辆侧翻稳定系统的开发和测评标准的制定提供了参考。     

Design of a rollover index-based vehicle stability control scheme

This paper presents a rollover index (RI)-based vehicle stability control (VSC) scheme. A rollover index, which indicates an impending rollover, is developed by a roll dynamics phase plane analysis. A model-based roll estimator is designed to estimate the roll angle and roll rate of the vehicle body with lateral acceleration, yaw rate, steering angle and vehicle velocity measurements. The rollover index is computed using an estimated roll angle, estimated roll rate, measured lateral acceleration and time-to-wheel lift. A differential braking control law is designed using a direct yaw control method. The VSC threshold is determined from the rollover index. The effectiveness of the RI, the performance of the estimator and the control scheme are investigated via simulations using a validated vehicle simulator. It is shown that the proposed RI can be a good measure of the danger of rollover and the proposed RI-based VSC scheme can reduce the risk of a rollover.     

Characteristic analysis of vehicle rollover accidents: Rollover scenarios and prediction/warning

Rollover accidents are relatively more serious than other types of accidents, so it is important that the safety device functions appropriately. For the safety device to work correctly, a rollover criteria system which can predict a rollover is needed. To Figure out the characteristics of rollover, NASS-CDS was used to statistically analyze the seriousness of accident and passenger injuries in various rollover situations. Typical scenarios for each rollover type were established by referring to the test criteria of NHTSA. Rollovers can be largely categorized into tripped or un-tripped rollover depending on the situation, but there is no method for estimating the velocity of the car in each situation. This paper suggests methods for estimating the car velocity through finding the relationship between car velocity and quarter turns by performing repetitive simulation in established typical scenarios. Additionally, simple physical models for rollover were developed and each model was analyzed to find the rollover criteria for each type. The rollover criteria were verified by simulating various rollover situations. The rollover criteria suggested would be helpful in predicting a rollover and appropriately activating the safety device.     

Heavy duty vehicle rollover detection and active roll control

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) roll stability improvement technology. The proposed rollover threat warning system uses the real-time dynamic model-based time-to-rollover (TTR) metric as a basis for online rollover detections. Its feasibility for implementation in a HDV rollover threat detection system is demonstrated through vehicle dynamic simulation studies. The research on the development of a rollover threat detection system is further enhanced in combination with an active roll control system using active suspension mechanism to improve heavy-duty trucks’ roll stability both in the static cornering and in emergency maneuvers. It has been demonstrated that the roll stability of typical heavy-duty trucks has been largely improved by the proposed active safety monitoring and control system.     

Worst-case scenario development based on Sine with Dwell test and evaluation for vehicle dynamics controller in UCC HILS

The current test methods are insufficient to evaluate and ensure the safety and reliability of vehicle systems for all possible dynamic situations, including the worst case scenarios such as rollover, spin-out and so on. Although the known NHTSA Sine with Dwell steering maneuvers have been applied for the vehicle performance assessment, they are not enough to estimate other possible worst case scenarios. Therefore, it is crucial for us to verify the various worst case scenarios, including the existing severe steering maneuvers. This paper includes useful worst case scenarios based upon the existing worst case scenarios mentioned above and worst case evaluation for the vehicle dynamic controller in a simulation basis and UCC HILS. The only human steering angle was selected as a design parameter here and optimized to maximize the index function to be expressed in terms of both yaw rate and side slip angle. The obtained scenarios were enough to generate the worst case scenario to meet NHTSA worst case definition. It has been concluded that the new procedure in this paper is adequate to create other feasible worst case scenarios for a vehicle dynamic control system.     

Vehicle dynamic estimation with road bank angle consideration for rollover detection: theoretical and experimental studies

This article describes a method of vehicle dynamics estimation for impending rollover detection. This method is evaluated via a professional vehicle dynamics software and then through experimental results using a real test vehicle equipped with an inertial measurement unit. The vehicle dynamic states are estimated in the presence of the road bank angle (as a disturbance in the vehicle model) using a robust observer. The estimated roll angle and roll rate are used to compute the rollover index which is based on the prediction of the lateral load transfer. In order to anticipate the rollover detection, a new method is proposed in order to compute the time-to-rollover using the load transfer ratio. The used nonlinear model is deduced from the vehicle lateral dynamics and is represented by a Takagi–Sugeno (TS) fuzzy model. This representation is used in order to take into account the nonlinearities of lateral cornering forces. The proposed TS observer is designed with unmeasurable premise variables in order to consider the non-availability of the slip angles measurement. Simulation results show that the proposed observer and rollover detection method exhibit good efficiency.     

Design and simuation of a vehicle test bed based on intelligent transport systems

As growing demand of vehicle safety system, especially regarding intelligent transport systems (ITS), automotive manufacturers are focusing more on driving safety and efficient transportation for vehicle users. Many safety systems have been launched in the market recently so, it is important to evaluate the vehicle safety systems and ITS. The ITS based intelligent vehicle test bed was constructed to meet the growing demand of test and verification for such ADAS and ITS systems. First, this paper describes in detail concept of the test-bed. This test-bed is carefully designed to meet the requirements of ISO/TC204 standards. In order to verify the design of the test-bed, virtual test with driving siulator was processed on a virtual test tracks. This test-bed will be used to conduct testing on various ITS and ADAS technologies, such as adaptive cruise control (ACC), lane departure warning system (LDWS), cooperative intersection warning system as well as rollover stability control (RSC) and electronic stability control (ESC), etc.     

基于MPC的独立驱动电动汽车稳定性集成控制

针对独立驱动电动汽车在高附着系数路面高速急转时易发生侧翻事故,在低附着系数路面急转易发生侧滑失稳事故,且单一控制器在不同附着系数路面适应性较差等问题,根据独立驱动电动汽车特点设计了基于分层式结构的稳定性集成控制器。建立了整车动力学模型,并进行了车辆状态参数估计;设计了稳定性集成控制器的控制策略,对车辆的侧倾、横向稳定性状态判定条件和协调策略的制定进行了研究,分别设计了侧倾稳定性控制器和横向稳定性控制器;设置了路面附着系数0.9到0.2的对接路面仿真工况,并在此工况下对所设计的控制器的控制性能进行了仿真测试。结果表明,所设计的稳定性集成控制器相比于单一控制器具有更好的适应性,可有效降低车辆高速行驶过程中的横向载荷转移系数、质心侧偏角等状态量,提高车辆行驶的稳定性和安全性。     

摩托车转向轮转角及前后轮中心平面偏差测试台（1）

摩托车、轻便摩托车在行驶过程中,应符合国标GB 7258—2004中规定的＂摩托车和轻便摩托车转向轮转角及前后轮中心平面偏差＂的要求,当摩托车转向轮转角低于国家标准要求时,转弯时可能会导致转弯失准;当摩托车转向轮转角大于国家标准要求时,转弯时可能会导致失重脱轨甚至翻车。摩托车转向轮转角及前后轮中心平面偏差测试台能准确地对摩托车转向轮转角、前后轮中心平面偏差进行测量,消除安全隐患,保证车辆安全,使其符合标准要求。     

基于主动转向技术的汽车防侧翻控制的研究

以汽车2自由度模型作为参考模型，建立了一种汽车防侧翻的控制方法。该方法采用主动转向技术来改变转向轮的转向角度，有效地减少了汽车的侧向加速度，提高了汽车的防侧翻的能力。在8自山度汽车动力学模型的基础上，运用主动转向技术的控制策略进行了汽车的性能仿真分析。与末采用汽车防侧翻控制系统的汽车动力学分析结果相比，汽车的主动安全性得到了增强。