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波浪和潮流共同作用下的输沙问题 总被引:7,自引:4,他引:3
基于紊流中的泥沙受紊动支撑才得以悬浮的基本认识,从能量平衡原理出发,导出了潮流、波浪以及波、流共同作用下的悬移质挟沙能力及输沙率公式.野外和室内资料验证表明了公式的合理性,进而表明了公式所依据的基本理论的普适性。 相似文献
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波浪增阻的精确预报对船舶实际航行的性能分析具有重要意义。论文采用理论的和半经验方法,对集装箱船进行了规则波迎浪航行波浪增阻计算,与试验结果进行了比较,分析吃水和航速影响。理论方法基于水平线段移动脉动源的三维面元法求解速度势问题,进而采用三维船体辐射能量法得到船舶辐射增阻,基于二阶波浪力中绕射势得到绕射增阻;经验方法采用ISO15016-2015推荐的STAWAVE2方法。通过分析两种方法波浪增阻成分占比,得出了不同方法在不同频域段的适用范围。对半经验方法计算波浪增阻的关键参数进行了讨论,结合理论计算结果的趋势,针对集装箱船船型,提出了反映船型特征的预报波浪增阻的半经验方法。 相似文献
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介绍了堆载预压法在港口吹填淤泥地基加固中的运用,采用现场实测结果评价其加固效果;与此同时,采用单向分层总和法计算堆载后地基最终累积沉降和土体分层沉降,且用实测结果检验理论计算结果,探讨这种理论计算方法在吹填淤泥地基中的适用性。结果表明:堆载预压法加固吹填淤泥地基效果显著。经堆载预压处理后,土体物理力学性质和十字板剪切强度得到了很明显的改善和提高,地基承载力特征值能够满足设计要求;现场实测沉降结果与理论计算沉降结果几乎一致,验证了理论方法计算沉降的可靠性和准确性。 相似文献
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本模型为垂向二维数学模型,以修正的NS方程为基础,采用粒子Level Set方法和对流扩散方程分别模拟自由水面和悬沙运动,根据底床物质质量平衡的原则计算底床变形,可模拟水流引起的底床冲淤变化.该模型将水流模型扩展到泥沙运动领域,以二相流概念简化自由水面边界条件,模拟悬沙、底沙和底床变形;采用固定的笛卡尔坐标,不需重新划... 相似文献
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利用Landsat-5/7卫星影像资料和实测含沙量资料,建立天津港—南排河岸段海域悬沙遥感模式,对表层水体悬沙分布及泥沙运动情况进行分析。研究表明,该海域含沙量均呈现从近岸至外海递减,具有明显的层次性;相对较高的含沙区域主要集中在-2m等深线以内,其表层含沙量一般在0.3kg/m3以上;沿岸线走向,含沙量的大小及分布范围总体呈现自北向南有所增大的特点;悬沙分布受季节性影响较大,冬季大风掀沙使得冬季含沙量明显大于夏季;当海域吹向岸风时近岸的含沙量要比吹顺岸风或离岸风时近岸含沙量高。 相似文献
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悬移质不平衡输沙水流挟沙能力 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从悬移质挟沙能力的基本概念出发,推导出悬移质非均匀沙平衡输沙的挟沙能力及不平衡输沙的挟沙能力公式,这些公式进一步揭示了非均匀沙的输沙机理,全面地描述了各种河床组成在不同的来水来沙条件下的输沙规律,适用性广,计算简便。 相似文献
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M. Perez-Arlucea G. Mendez F. Clemente M. Nombela B. Rubio M. Filgueira 《Journal of Marine Systems》2005,54(1-4):209
The aim of this study is to provide a budget study with calculated erosion rates. Three methods have been used to calculate sediment yield and denudation rates in the Ria de Vigo: (1) measurements of sediment loads, (2) measurements of sediment accumulation rates at the coast, (3) theoretical calculations of potential denudation. Sediment loads and water discharge were measured over a period of 14 months from May 1997 to July 1998. Two of the tributaries entering the Ria de Vigo were monitored for 12 more months, from May 2000 to May 2001, to observe changes in discharge and sediment loads. This period corresponded with atypical precipitation, with peak monthly values (600 mm) three times higher than those on record.Water rating curves are typically exponential. Suspended and dissolved loads vary for different rivers, showing values of 1.5 to 130 mg/l during 1997/1998. For 2000/2001, these values are twice as high. Suspended load versus discharge relationships for 1997/1998 were logarithmic, but data from 2000/2001 does not fit the same equation. Dissolved loads are several times higher than suspended loads in almost all cases. Dissolved load concentrations vary more widely with discharge than suspended loads. This is probably due to local pollution and contamination from marine spray in areas closer to the sea.Second, erosion rates and bed load sediment yields were calculated from accumulation rates at the Ramallosa Complex. Well-preserved estuarine and tidal sediments, associated with the Minor River, have accumulated in this area during the Holocene. 14C ages allow calculation of sedimentation rates (SR) for two intervals. The lower interval extends from 2001 to 484 years BP and yields an SR of 1.12 mm/a. The upper interval extends from 484 years BP to the present and has an SR of 3.3–4.4 mm/a. These differences may be explained by basin dynamics as the beach progressively encloses the area and also by human interference. From sedimentary facies analysis it is concluded that 90% to 95% of the accumulated deposits were transferred to the basin as bed load. Muddy deposits (mostly marshes) are better developed at the upper part of the sediment pile, and inner areas, indicating a progressive shallowing and filling up of the basin. Most of suspended load is exported to the ria, whereas the Ramallosa Complex acts as a sediment sink for bed load derived material.Calculated potential erosion rates using Ahnert's [Am. J. Sci. 268 (1970) 243] equation show lower values than those estimated from river load concentrations. Potential erosion rates for the Minor River are higher than for the Lagares River which contrast with mechanical denudation rate values from river loads during 1997/1998 which are higher for the Lagares River. During 2000/2001 MDR values were higher than those of the potential erosion rates for both rivers, in line with the extremely high precipitation. Higher values in the Lagares could be in part due to human interference. 相似文献
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关于推移质不平衡输沙问题 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
本文考虑到悬移质、推移质和床沙的相互交换,从沙量守恒原理出发,获得出了推移质泥沙连续方程及河床变形方程.该方程表明,推移质河床变形不仅与推移质本身不平衡输沙有关,而且还与悬移质非饱和输沙有关,推移质河床变形实质就是全沙河床变形. 相似文献
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某原料场工程采用强夯法对饱和粉土进行地基处理。针对该工程设计和施工中遇到的强夯参数和地基处理效果等问题进行试验研究,对该工程区域运用不同的强夯参数,通过加固过程中的夯坑沉降量、地面隆起量和孔隙水压力监测,以及加固后土层的静力触探、地基承载力等现场试验,对不同强夯参数下的加固效果进行比对,得出适用于该工程粉土地基的强夯参数。 相似文献