船舶加筋板结构耐撞性能分析

提出计及摩擦力影响后船舶舷侧加筋板耐撞性能分析的一种简化分析方法,详细讨论了球鼻艏撞击作用下舷侧加筋板的渐进破坏过程,给出了相应的撞击力-撞深曲线和吸收能量-撞深曲线。通过与已有试验结果的比较表明,该简化分析方法能对船舶舷侧加筋板结构的耐撞性能做出合理预报,从而可用于设计阶段评估船体舷侧结构的耐撞性能。     

双壳结构形式对舷侧结构耐撞性能的影响

船舶碰撞不仅会引起船体结构的损坏,而且会造成人员和财产的重大损失。对于内河油船或化学品船还可能会造成原油或化学品的泄漏,严重污染稀缺的水资源,威胁河流周围居民的正常生活。本文从提高内河双壳油船、化学品船耐撞性能的角度讨论了双壳结构形式对舷侧结构耐撞性能的影响。采用非线性有限元软件LS-DYNA,在满足双壳舷侧结构体积不变(重量不变)的情况下,分析并讨论了内外壳板厚度、结构布置形式(纵骨大小、纵骨数量)、双壳间距对受撞船舶舷侧结构能量吸收的影响。结果表明:适当增加外壳板厚度和减小纵骨截面的尺寸能提高船舶舷侧结构耐撞性能。同时针对传统双壳结构形式中内壳板所吸收能量占结构总吸能份额较低的特点,比较了内壳板采用波纹板结构(槽形舱壁结构)替代传统的加筋板结构对提高舷侧结构的抗撞能力的影响,收到较好的效果。通过对各种设计方案的计算对比,从中得出了一些具有工程应用价值的结论,为我国制定内河双壳油船碰撞评估指南提供理论依据。     

单壳船舷侧结构的碰撞分析

给出一种计算船体结构基本构件——梁、板耐撞性的简化分析方法,并将该方法应用于单壳船舷侧结构的碰撞分析。讨论了球鼻首撞击作用下单壳船舷侧结构的总体破坏模式及其渐进破坏过程,提出了计及渐进破坏过程的碰撞损伤简化计算方法。实例计算结果表明:该简化分析方法能对单壳船舷侧结构的耐撞性作出合理的预报,可应用于船舶设计阶段船体结构耐撞性能的评估。     

基于钢-泡沫结构的双壳舷侧结构耐撞性能分析

在分析333TEU集装箱船的双壳舷侧结构耐撞性能的基础上,结合钢-泡沫结构自身的冲击性能,将钢-泡沫结构替代舷侧外板结构,得到新的舷侧耐撞结构形式。利用MSC.Dytran数值仿真软件,对双壳舷侧结构的耐撞性能进行综合分析。     

舷侧齿型纵桁耐撞性初探

船舶碰撞通常导致船舱进水或变形、海洋环境污染以及人员伤亡等后果.为提高船舶舷侧的耐撞性,以某双壳油船舷侧为研究对象,设计一种齿型纵桁,并将其与传统舷侧结构相结合,形成一种新型舷侧结构.采用数值仿真软件建立舷侧模型,选取舷侧3个典型位置,对比新旧结构的吸能能力、碰撞力峰值和极限撞深.数值仿真结果表明:齿型纵桁舷侧结构具有较好的耐撞性.     

柔性、刚性球艏对双壳舷侧结构耐撞性能影响的研究

采用非线性显示动力有限元软件LS_DYNA,对舷侧双壳结构在柔性和刚性球艏撞击下的动力响应进行仿真研究.采用全船有限元模型,考虑船体周围附连水质量对结构动力响应的影响.给出了碰撞力-撞深、能量-撞深曲线以及各构件吸收的能量.仿真结果表明:不同球艏撞击下舷侧内外壳板的破裂时刻、撞深和舷侧结构变形性能都有所不同.     

撞击船载货对双壳油船碰撞损伤的影响

为探究撞击船载货对双壳油船舷侧结构碰撞损伤的影响,以7 000吨级双壳油船为原型,运用非线性有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立船舶碰撞数值模型,在此基础上对碰撞过程中产生的碰撞力、结构吸能、撞击速度变化和撞深变化等参数进行对比分析,阐述撞击船载货对双壳油船碰撞损伤的影响。研究结果表明,撞击船载货对双壳油船舷侧损伤具有重要影响。     

双壳船内壳和外壳结构耐撞性能的分析和比较

依据船舶加筋板结构缩尺模型的耐撞性试验数据,结合理论计算方法,详细讨论双壳船舷侧内壳和外壳结构的碰撞损伤特性,对其进行分析和比较。研究表明:双壳船舷侧内壳和外壳结构在耐碰撞能力方面的差异虽不是很大,但在渐进破坏过程及破坏模式方面却存在明显的区别。这些结论对于提升双壳船舷侧结构的耐撞性能具有一定的指导意义。     

基于折叠式夹层板船体结构耐撞性设计

提高船体结构的耐撞性能是开展船舶碰撞与搁浅研究的主要目的,通过船体结构耐撞设计提高船舶的安全性,对常规船体结构进行优化来提高结构耐撞性能是有限的,设计新型高效的吸能单元是提高结构耐撞性能的有效途径m折叠式夹层板具有吸能好、比强高、刚度大等特性,是一种理想的能量吸收单元.引进特种吸能单元FSP设计出一种新式耐撞结构形式,分别应用于双壳、单壳舷侧结构,对其耐撞性能进行研究.通过数值仿真计算分析,证实FSP舷侧结构显著提高了单壳、双壳舷侧结构的抗撞能力,FSP结构是一种先进的耐撞结构形式.     

提升我国内河双壳油船耐撞性标准的建议意见

从提高内河船舶耐撞性能的角度对提升双壳油船的安全标准问题提出了建议意见．首先给出了我国内河双壳油船耐撞性标准的经验计算公式，在此基础上采用图表的形式给出了撞击船的排水量A与极限撞击速度Vcr之间的对应关系．该建议意见具有思路直观、明确，使用方便的特点．     

Experimental numerical and analytical analysis of the penetration of a scaled double-hull tanker side structure

The paper presents experimental, numerical and analytical analyses of a small-scale double-hull structure quasi-statically punched at the mid-span by a rigid flat edge indenter, to examine its energy-absorbing mechanism and fracture. The present study aims to further validate the numerical analysis procedure and the analytical method of individual stiffened panels and web girders against the experiment of the double-hull structure. The specimen, scaled from a tanker's double side structure, includes three spans between the web frames and two spans between the stringers. The paper provides practical information to estimate the extent of structural damage within ship sides during collision accidents. The experimentally obtained force-displacement response and deformation shape show a good agreement with the simulations performed by the explicit LS-DYNA finite element solver. The analysis of the double-hull structure demonstrates the accuracy of the procedure for identifying standard inputs used in numerical codes, in particular the definition of material plastic hardening and the calibration of the critical failure strain by tensile test simulation. The experimental and numerical results are used to validate the analytical method proposed in previous investigations at the plastic deformation stage and a revised semi-analytical method is proposed in the present study for the large penetration stage.     

Analysis of structural crashworthiness of double-hull ships in collision and grounding

A conceptual design framework for collision and grounding analysis is proposed to evaluate the crashworthiness of double-hull structures. This work attempts to simplify the input parameters needed for the analysis, which can be considered as a step towards a design-oriented procedure against collision and grounding. Four typical collision and grounding scenarios are considered: (1) side structure struck by a bulbous bow, (2) side structure struck by a straight bow, (3) bottom raking, (4) bottom stranding. The analyses of these scenarios are based on statistical data of striking ship dimensions, velocities, collision angles and locations, as well as seabed shapes and sizes, grounding depth and location. The evaluation of the damage extent considers the 50- and 90-percentile values from the statistics of collision and grounding accidents. The external dynamics and internal mechanics are combined to analyse systematically the ship structural damage and energy absorption under accidental loadings.     

An analytical method for predicting the ship side structure response in raked bow collisions

As an increasing number of ships continue to sail in heavy traffic lanes, the possibility of collision between ships has become progressively higher. Therefore, it is of great importance to rapidly and accurately analyse the response and consequences of a ship's side structure subjected to large impact loads, such as collisions from supply vessels or merchant vessels. As the raked bow is a common design that has a high possibility of impacting a ship side structure, this study proposes an analytical method based on plastic mechanism equations for the rapid prediction of the response of a ship's side structure subjected to raked bow collisions. The new method includes deformation mechanisms of the side shell plating and the stiffeners attached. The deformation mechanisms of deck plating, longitudinal girders and transverse frames are also analysed. The resistance and energy dissipation of the side structure are obtained from individual components and then integrated to assess the complete crashworthiness of the side structure of the struck ship. The analytical prediction method is verified by numerical simulation. Three typical collision scenarios are defined in the numerical simulation using the code LS_DYNA, and the results obtained by the proposed analytical method and those of the numerical simulation are compared. The results correspond well, suggesting that the proposed analytical method can improve ship crashworthiness during the design phase.     

基于简化解析方法的舷侧结构碰撞吸能分析

船体结构破裂前因产生塑性变形而吸收能量的能力是衡量结构耐撞性的重要指标之一,提出一种简化解析方法对船舶舷侧结构的基本构件梁和板进行吸能能力计算,并将该方法应用于单壳船舷侧结构的碰撞分析.通过系列计算结果比对,从防撞角度对舷侧结构设计提出合理建议.     

基于钢-泡沫结构的124.5m单壳舷侧结构耐撞性能分析

在分析124.5 m常规单壳舷侧结构耐撞性能的基础上,结合钢-泡沫结构自身的冲击性能,将钢-泡沫结构替代舷侧外板结构,得到新的舷侧耐撞结构形式。利用MSC.Dytran数值仿真软件,对舷侧结构的耐撞性能进行综合分析。     

油船菱形耐撞结构研究

借鉴菱形抗爆抗冲击舷侧结构形式,进行系列数值仿真实例计算,对比分析菱形舷侧结构和传统形、Y形以及三明治夹层板舷侧结构的耐撞性,探讨菱形角度、高度和厚度对耐撞性的影响,仿真结果表明,菱形结构形式可以提高油船舷侧结构耐撞性,而且最佳尺度组合使其耐撞性最优,在此基础上得出最佳菱形角度和高度。     

冰区加强LNG船舷侧抗撞性能仿真研究

航行于北冰洋海域的LNG船必须具备抵抗冰山撞击的能力。针对LNG船纵骨架式和横骨架式冰区结构加强方案,开展比较分析,评价LNG船舷侧抵抗冰山撞击的能力。根据CCS规范对LNG船舷侧分别进行纵骨架式与横骨架式冰区加强设计。利用有限元数值仿真技术和LS_DYNA软件,模拟冰山撞击LNG船舷侧场景,得到船体结构变形、碰撞力和能量吸收等结果。研究发现：横骨架式在相邻强横肋位之间结构较弱,纵骨架式表现出更好的抗冰撞击性能;冰带加强骨材在抵抗冰载荷过程中发挥重要作用;在提高抗冰撞击性能的前提下,纵骨架式加强方案拥有更佳的经济效益。