东兴市农村客运发展研究

文章基于东兴市城乡客运和农村客运站场建设基本情况,分析了该市城乡公交与农村客运存在的问题,并从加快农村客运站建设和完善城乡公交网络两方面提出了适合于东兴市农村客运发展的策略和建议。     

谈农村客运网络建设

一、农村客运站的规划 1.农村客运站建设必须坚持"路、站、运"协调发展的原则,统筹规划. 目前,广大农村地区"缺站少场"的现状比较严重,成为农村客运发展的重要制约因素.为此,各级交通主管部门和运管机构要坚持建运并重,把农村客运站建设与农村公路建设有机结合起来,做到"统一规划、统一施工、统一目标任务、资金同步到位",做到路通站成,彻底改变农村客运站场相对滞后的面貌.     

发展农村客运的切入点

分析农村客运现状,提出农村客运市场存在的问题,指出未来农村客运的发展方向,并且就农村客运存在的现实问题,提出发展农村客运的切入点.重点从农村基础设施--农村客运站的规划建设方面提出解决的对策,重点体现三个布局的原则人本性原则,便利性原则,全局性原则,最后就如何发展农村客运提出可行的保障措施.     

“十三五”期公路客运的供需形势及发展建议

首先从供需匹配角度,分析了当前我国公路客运在中长途城际客运、农村客运发展,以及综合客运枢纽(公路客运站)、普通公路客运站建设运营方面出现的一些问题;然后从需求角度,分析了当前及今后一段时期传统公路班线客运、个性化定制客运,以及农村客运发展面临的主要需求形势;最后从供给角度,针对主要问题和需求形势,从公平与共享、效率与创新两个方面,提出了对"十三五"期公路客运运营组织及客运站点建设的一些思考和建议。     

客运站选址:集中与分散结合

2007年10月,交通部提出了"要保证70%以上的客货运附加费用于道路运输发展,并积极争取财政投入,多渠道筹集社会资金。在资金使用上,重点投放在道路运输站场、农村客运、道路运输信息化建设、运输安全管理和应急运输保障上。"因此,目前乃至今后一段时间内,进一步增加汽车客运站数量,提高建设质量和效率,完善汽车客运站功能,优化汽车客运站布局,这将成     

百色市农村客运站建设运营模式探析

文章结合百色市农村客运发展实际,分析了农村客运站建设的现状及运营模式存在的问题,并提出了相应的处治对策。     

统筹城乡 服务三农——魏士彬谈城乡客运一体化

截止2010年底,安徽省已通公路的行政村中,开通班车的行政村数为19474个,通公路行政村通班车率为98%,农村客运车辆为17760辆。全省1329个乡镇共19254个建制村建成农村客运站1002个,候车亭13000个,农村客运站经济、美观、实用,成为农村地区的重要基础设施。一个"村村相通,乡镇相连,城乡一体,便捷安全"的农村客运网络初步     

站场小件快运方兴未艾

小件快运,是公路运输企业依托客运站场、客运班线网络优势在客户与其货物不同时同行的情况下,受客户委托,利用营运班车行李舱,在规定时限内将受托货物安全送达客户指定目的地或目标客户的一项客运增值服务,具备管理、中转、配送等多重功能.     

承东启西 贯南通北——郑州国家公路客运枢纽强化中原城市群效应

郑州国家公路客运枢纽作为郑州市综合客运体系的建设平台,布局时充分考虑了与其他运输方式的客运站场布局相衔接,以减少旅客的换乘次数,提高综合运输效率。     

加快大理州农村客运发展的思考

我国要在一定时期内实现“城乡经济社会一体化”的宏伟目标，道路运输必须先行，因为它是连接城乡之间的重要纽带，是实现目标的基础和前提。为此，近年来在中央的统一部署下，各级政府做出了发展区域内农村客运的规划和目标。并投放了大量的财力、物力，不遗余力地改善各地区道路状况，建设乡村客运站，出台多个扶持发展农村道路运输的措施和政策。这些措施的采取为在农村实现“城乡客运一体化”的宏伟目标，奠定了基础条件。     

Identifying the spatial distribution of public transportation trips by node and community characteristics

ABSTRACT

Identifying the spatial distribution of travel activities can help public transportation managers optimize the allocation of resources. In this paper, transit networks are constructed based on traffic flow data rather than network topologies. The PageRank algorithm and community detection method are combined to identify the spatial distribution of public transportation trips. The structural centrality and PageRank values are compared to identify hub stations; the community detection method is applied to reveal the community structures. A case study in Guangzhou, China is presented. It is found that the bus network has a community structure, significant weekday commuting and small-world characteristics. The metro network is tightly connected, highly loaded, and has no obvious community structure. Hub stations show distinct differences in terms of volume and weekend/weekday usage. The results imply that the proposed method can be used to identify the spatial distribution of urban public transportation and provide a new study perspective.     

Mapping spatial accessibility of public transportation network in an urban area – A case study of Shanghai Hongqiao Transportation Hub

Accessibility is a key metric when assessing the efficiency of an urban public transportation network. This research develops a methodology for evaluating spatial accessibility of a system with multiple transportation modes in an urban area, Shanghai Hongqiao Transportation Hub (SHTH) and its surrounding area. The method measured total traveling time as an accessibility indicator, which summed the time people spent on walking, waiting, transfer and transportation in a journey from the SHTH to destinations. Spatial accessibility was classified into five levels from very high to very low. The evaluation was conducted at a cell-by-cell basis under an overall scenario and three specific scenarios. Evaluation results were presented in a series of maps. The overall accessibility scenario shows a concentric-ring trend decreasing from the SHTH to the fringe of the study area. Areas along the metro lines generally have a much higher accessibility than those along the bus lines with some exceptions where bus routes play a more important role. Metro stations identified as either time-saving or time-consuming points are mainly distributed around the urban center. Some suggestions are proposed for improving accessibility of public transportation network in the study area. The results from this study provide a scientific basis and useful information for supporting decision-making on urban planning, and assisting dwellers to travel in a time-efficient manner. The methodology offers a simple, flexible way to the spatial evaluation, metro station identification and network modification of accessibility of public transportation systems with multiple transportation modes.     

Land Transport Policy and Public Transport in Singapore

Singapore has a sophisticated and efficient system of land transport to serve a growing demand for transportation. Constrained by limited space, a comprehensive set of land transport policies has been in place to balance the growth in transport demand and the effectiveness and efficiency of the land transport system. A multi-pronged approach has been used to achieve the objective of a world-class transportation system. These include integration of urban and transport planning, expansion of the road network and improvement of the transport infrastructure, harnessing the latest technology in network and traffic management, managing vehicle ownership and usage, and improvement and regulations of public transport (Ministry of Transport (MOT) (2003) Policy and Regulations, Land Transport, Available: www.mot.gov.sg, Date of Access: 15 September 2003). Singapore was the first country in the world to introduce various new techniques, notably the Area License Scheme (ALS) in 1975 and the Vehicle Quota System (VQS) in 1990. An Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system replaced the ALS in 1998 to take the role of congestion management, the experience of which has also drawn particular attention from many large cities in the world. In 2003, the world’s first and only fully automatic heavy rail Mass Rapid Transit system was opened to the public, marking a new chapter in Singapore’s innovative approach to solving its land transport problem. This paper reviews the land transport policy implemented in Singapore and pays special emphasis to its public transportation systems.     

A fractional perspective to the modelling of Lisbon’s public transportation network

Transportation - Urban growth originates multiscale spatial patterns, such as those of transportation networks. Here, the public transportation network (PTN) of the city of Lisbon is analysed from...     

小件快运中的最短运输时间问题

小件快运经过多年的发展,已经成为公路客运一个新的经济增长点,越来越多的公路客运企业和汽车客运站加入到经营小件快运的行列,小件快运也逐渐由单个企业的独立运营发展到多个企业联合的网络化运营。对中转运输中多条运输线路进行分析,得到最短运输时间线路,从而提高运输效率。     

Optimizing the locations of electric taxi charging stations: A spatial–temporal demand coverage approach

Vehicle electrification is a promising approach towards attaining green transportation. However, the absence of charging stations limits the penetration of electric vehicles. Current approaches for optimizing the locations of charging stations suffer from challenges associated with spatial–temporal dynamic travel demands and the lengthy period required for the charging process. The present article uses the electric taxi (ET) as an example to develop a spatial–temporal demand coverage approach for optimizing the placement of ET charging stations in the space–time context. To this end, public taxi demands with spatial and temporal attributes are extracted from massive taxi GPS data. The cyclical interactions between taxi demands, ETs, and charging stations are modeled with a spatial–temporal path tool. A location model is developed to maximize the level of ET service on the road network and the level of charging service at the stations under spatial and temporal constraints such as the ET range, the charging time, and the capacity of charging stations. The reduced carbon emission generated by used ETs with located charging stations is also evaluated. An experiment conducted in Shenzhen, China demonstrates that the proposed approach not only exhibits good performance in determining ET charging station locations by considering temporal attributes, but also achieves a high quality trade-off between the levels of ET service and charging service. The proposed approach and obtained results help the decision-making of urban ET charging station siting.     

Comparing the impact of future airline network change on emissions in India and the United States

In this paper we use simulation to analyze how flight routing network structure may change in different world regions, and how this might impact future traffic growth and emissions. We compare models of the domestic Indian and US air transportation systems, representing developing and mature air transportation systems respectively. We explicitly model passenger and airline decision-making, capturing passenger demand effects and airline operational responses, including airline network change. The models are applied to simulate air transportation system growth for networks of 49 airports in each country from 2005 to 2050. In India, the percentage of connecting passengers simulated decreases significantly (from over 40% in 2005 to under 10% in 2050), indicating that a shift in network structure towards increased point-to-point routing can be expected. In contrast, very little network change is simulated for the US airport set modeled. The simulated impact of network change on system CO₂ emissions is very small, although in the case of India it could enable a large increase in demand, and therefore a significant reduction in emissions per passenger (by nearly 25%). NO_x emissions at major hub airports are also estimated, and could initially reduce relative to a case in which network change is not simulated (by nearly 25% in the case of Mumbai in 2025). This effect, however, is significantly reduced by 2050 because of frequency competition effects. We conclude that network effects are important when estimating CO₂ emissions per passenger and local air quality effects at hub airports in developing air transportation systems.     

Predicting disruptions and their passenger delay impacts for public transport stops

Disruptions in public transport can have major implications for passengers and service providers. Our study objective is to develop a generic approach to predict how often different disruption types occur at different stations of a public transport network, and to predict the impact related to these disruptions as measured in terms of passenger delays. We propose a supervised learning approach to perform these predictions, as this allows for predictions for individual stations for each time period, without the requirement of having sufficient empirical disruption observations available for each location and time period. This approach also enables a fast prediction of disruption impacts for a large number of disruption instances, hence addressing the computational challenges that rise when typical public transport assignment or simulation models would be used for real-world public transport networks. To improve transferability of our study results, we cluster stations based on their contribution to network vulnerability using unsupervised learning. This supports public transport agencies to apply the appropriate type of measure aimed to reduce disruptions or to mitigate disruption impacts for each station type. Applied to the Washington metro network, we predict a yearly passenger delay of 5.9 million hours for the total metro network. Based on the clustering, five different types of station are distinguished. Stations with high train frequencies and high passenger volumes located at central trunk sections of the network show to be most critical, along with start/terminal and transfer stations. Intermediate stations located at branches of a line are least critical.

     

What determines rail transit passenger volume? Implications for transit oriented development planning

Transit oriented development (TOD) has been an important topic for urban transportation planning research and practice. This paper is aimed at empirically examining the effect of rail transit station-based TOD on daily station passenger volume. Using integrated circuit (IC) card data on metro passenger volumes and cellular signaling data on the spatial distribution of human activities in Shanghai, the research identifies variations in ridership among rail transit stations. Then, regression analysis is performed using passenger volume in each station as the dependent variable. Explanatory variables include station area employment and population, residents’ commuting distances, metro network accessibility, status as interchange station, and coupling with commercial activity centers. The main findings are: (1) Passenger volume is positively associated with employment density and residents’ commuting distance around station; (2) stations with earlier opening dates and serving as transfer nodes tend to have positive association with passenger volumes; (3) metro stations better integrated with nearby commercial development tend to have larger passenger volumes. Several implications are drawn for TOD planning: (1) TOD planning should be integrated with rail transit network planning; (2) location of metro stations should be coupled with commercial development; (3) high employment densities should be especially encouraged as a key TOD feature; and (4) interchange stations should be more strategically positioned in the planning for rail transit network.