智能船舶交通管理系统设计与研究

航运产业的迅速发展促使管理者提高海上交通安全保障要求。针对当前主流船舶智能管理系统信息交互不兼容的缺陷,提出一种以VTS为基础、集成丰富交互接口的综合海上智能交通管理平台。首先介绍该平台架构的设计思路,接着重点介绍各构成模块的功能设计并与VTS进行分析比较,证明本文的综合平台的重要性和可行性,在整合多种数据资源的同时,有助于改善当前海上交通管理现状,提高智能船舶交通管理效率。     

基于Labview的船舶综合交通管理系统设计

随着经济全球化的深入,世界范围内的海洋航运业繁荣发展。船舶交通管理系统主要起到海上交通指挥和维护的作用,有利于提高船舶航行效率、改善海上交通环境。船舶海上交通管理系统综合了计算机技术、船舶自动识别技术和雷达卫星通信技术等,是一个大型综合的指挥平台,其智能化、集成化研究一直是船舶工业的研究热点。本文利用Labview软件平台,整合了船舶综合交通管理系统的硬件设备,结合Labview可视化编程技术和虚拟仪器技术,设计了一种新型的船舶综合交通管理系统,并详细介绍了该系统的软件和硬件组成。     

冬季海上交通事故多发的成因及防范

冬季气候恶劣多变,是海上交通事故的多发季节。从冬季海上交通事故频繁多发的成因入手,以安全管理学的观点进行分析,用系统论的观点,全方位地提出防范措施,以达到全面加强海上交通管理的目的。     

长江口深水航通启动交管新模式

长江口深水航道交通管理启动新模式：海事部门、港航企业、施工单位多方参与。上海吴淞海事处7月10日与有关方面签署协议，引入疏浚企业进驻海上交通管制中心，这在国内海事部门中尚属首次。     

《船舶交通管理系统安全监督管理规则》修订建议

针对《中华人民共和国船舶交通管理系统安全监督管理规则》自1998年施行以来国内外船舶交通管理环境发生的变化，探讨修订该规则的必要性、修订应坚持的原则和需关注的焦点问题，提出推进该规则修订的建议。     

海上交通管理系统VTS的雷达信号处理技术

海上交通管理系统VTS在海上交通疏导、船舶管理、提升海上交通效率和安全方面发挥着重要的作用,交通管理系统VTS采集雷达系统、AIS系统、卫星系统的信号,通过分析和处理,获取船舶和航线的关键数据,因此,在VTS系统中,雷达信号的处理技术非常关键。本文首先介绍了海上交通管理系统的构成,设计了VTS的雷达信号处理系统,并对信号处理系统的硬件设备、信号处理过程进行了详细的分析。     

对“海上求生”课程的深度剖析

从深化“海上求生”的定义出发,提出“海上求生学”的概念,同时梳理“海上求生”课程与其他相关课程的关系,最后探讨“高级海上求生”课程的建设并提出相应的建议。     

中国拟建海上油库

据悉,中国正拟建“海上油库”以增加石油储备。国家发改委副主任、能源局局长张国宝日前表示,中国准备把油轮储油作为石油储备的一种方式,将岸上储备变为海上储备。中国已具备海上储油条件,     

海上辖区搜救工作初探

海上搜救是保障海上安全的“最后一道防线”。我国于1985年加入《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》,有承担公约赋予的海上搜救责任和对海上遇险人命及时救助的国际人道主义义务。台州市海上搜救中心于2002年9月成立以来,为搜救工作作出了贡献,但也存在不少问题和不足,特提出建议和对策。     

Information

2008年全国海上搜救成功率达96．5％；大部制改革：横向部门制＋纵向层级制；国务院审议通过船舶工业调整振兴规划；福建省沿海港口布局规划；天津千亿织就海陆空立体交通网；秦建设当选为“武汉市十大杰出创业家”。     

Small-Scale Sicilian Fisheries: Opinions of Artisanal Fishers and Sociocultural Effects in Two MPA Case Studies

Marine resource management and related stakeholder conflicts have been clearly defined in recent decades as pressing issues worldwide. This article provides a comparative study of the management regimes of the Gulf of Castellammare Fishery Reserve and the Egadi Islands Marine Reserve in Sicily, Italy. What managers in these two reserves have neglected to include in management is a social science evaluation scheme to ensure the development of more effective overall management. This is a significant problem in both Italy and the rest of the Mediterranean, where few sociocultural and economic studies have been conducted. Using data collected with standard anthropological field methods, analysis was conducted on how artisanal fishers are impacted by reserves, the extent of their knowledge regarding regulations, their opinions on management, and demographics. The results indicate that while fishers in the two case studies are all aware of the marine reserves where they fish, most fishers are not well informed of the associated regulations. Fishers feel alienated from the management process, and would feel more comfortable with reserve managers and regulations if they were involved in management. The article concludes by showing how such data could help to develop more useful and practical management practices in both these and other MPAs with similar problems.     

"船舶轮机设备运行与管理"多媒体素材库的开发与制作

介绍了船舶轮机设备运行与管理多媒体素材库开发中的制作思路、制作条件、制作技巧、素材的组装与管理等方面，分析了轮机专业课程素材库特点，阐述其广阔的应用前景。     

User Fee System for Marine Ecotourism: The Tubbataha Reef Experience

The Tubbataha Reefs Natural Marine Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Sulu Sea, Philippines, is an offshore marine protected area well known throughout the scuba diving community for its coral reefs and marine diversity. To address the perennial problem of park financing, the Tubbataha Management Board developed a fee collection and permit system in cooperation with the diving community. A willingness-to-pay survey conducted among divers in 1999 showed that the average diver was willing to pay U.S.$41 per visit. Using these results, a two-tiered pricing scheme was developed for foreign and local divers. After two years of fee collection, the total fee collected amounted to U.S.$65,000, which covered 28% of the annual recurring costs and nearly 41% of the core costs to protect Tubbataha. The experience shows the contribution of willingness-to-pay surveys in instituting user fees for long-term sustainable financing.     

Surveillance and Poaching on Inshore Reefs of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park

The Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia, is managed under the GBR Marine Park Act (1975) and is seen as a shining example of marine resource management. The principle tool of management is zoning for multiple use. We examined surveillance and illegal fishing around two inshore islands (Magnetic and Orpheus) of the GBR Marine Park in 2000/2001. Both islands are near Townsville, the largest city adjacent to the GBR. Surveillance effort was low, with vessels present on only 16% of days of the year. Measurable but low levels of illegal recreational fishing occurred within no-take zones. Levels decreased with increasing surveillance effort. Thus zoning was not completely successful in protecting fish targeted by fisheries, even within the most highly enforced sections of the Park. The expansion of no-take zones in 2004 from 4.6% to 33.4% of the area of the 358,000 km2 Park represents a considerable challenge for future surveillance and enforcement.     

浦东新区综合交通信息管理系统体系框架研究

选择上海浦东新区政府“十一五”建设计划中的综合交通信息管理系统作为研究对象,以体系框架作为研究重点,结合子平台和业务系统进行实例设计。首先对国内外、上海市浦西及浦东的交通管理体制、交通信息管理系统的建设现状进行了分析和总结;其次,研究了上海浦东新区政府、公众、智能交通系统(Intelligent Transport System,简称ITS,以下同)以及世博会等对综合交通信息的需求;在此基础上,以功能的实现为中心,构建了本信息系统的逻辑框架,并详细设计了自上而下、结构清晰、职责明确的物理框架;最后选择体系框架第2层次的环保局子平台和第3层次(含基础设施)的外环线浦东段监控系统进行实例设计,并阐明本体系框架的可行性和实用价值。     

对天津港VTM模式的探讨

文中提供了天津港VTS实施的一种典型VTM（Vessel Traffic Management）模式,分析了天津港VTS从运行初一直实施的VTM模式特点,描述了实施VTM取得的效果,提出了天津港VTS实施船舶交通管理是一种典型的VTM。     

Lessons Learned from the Marine Management Area Science Program: Insights for Global Conservation Science Programs

Drawing on experiences from the four regions and the overall conduct of the Marine Management Area Science (MMAS) program, this concluding article highlights emergent cross-cutting themes that affected MMAS programs across the regions, summarizes the important conservation outcomes of the MMAS program, and then discusses lessons gained from the actual process of conducting the MMAS program. Based on these insights, particularly the last section, this article concludes with recommendations for other conservation programs, specifically those that are global in scope and are science-based with a specific intent to apply that science to conservation action.     

New-Level VR Marine Training System

Marine simulator is a valuable and effective medium for maritime education and training and is becoming widespread to foster the qualified and competent personnel for working in the maritime industry.However,many problems with most marine simulation systems today limit their pervasive use:the limited accessibility,immobility,the high expenditure,the long develop- meat cycle,and the difficult maintenance etc.A web-based maritime training environment is proposed in this paper as a new ma- rine training level,which fully combining web technology,VR,high fidelity simulation,and e-learning tools to create a more cost- effective and flexible training environment still with very realistic and high-interactive simulation characteristics,the system will provide a consistent and more flexible training medium for improving maritime education and training.     

应用"四全管理"原理,提升航海职业教育质量

介绍“四全管理”原理,针对当前航海职业教育管理存在的缺陷,提出一些解决策略,提升教育质量。     

船舶电力推进动态负荷仿真系统的设计

船舶电力推进因其运营经济性、灵活性、可靠性和环保等优点，被预测为船舶推进的主流。通过系统仿真的方式研究船舶电力推进在可行性和效率方面是一个很好的选择，为此而构建出一个能真实反映船舶螺旋桨负荷特性的半实物在环的船舶电力推进动态负荷仿真系统。本文详细论述了船舶电力推进动态负荷仿真系统的构成、其关键部分的具体设计与实现以及其中所涉及的具体问题和解决方案。