禁食大鼠胃肠肌电活动和胃动素与熊去氧胆酸的关系

目的　研究大鼠禁食状态下不同起源的胃肠移行性复合肌电活动 (MMC)的特征异同以及胃动素 (MTL)和熊去氧胆酸 (UDCA)对不同起源MMC的作用。方法　 2 4只大鼠被随机分为两组。在胃窦、十二指肠及空肠慢性埋置银丝电极。术后 7d在大鼠清醒、禁食状态下实验。第一组静脉注入合成猪MTL ,第二组给予UDCA灌胃。记录给药前 1h至给药后 2h胃肠肌电活动。结果　实验共观察到 6 8个正常的MMC波形 ,其中 33%起源于胃窦 ,6 7%起源于十二指肠。起源于胃窦的MMC波的周期和Ⅲ期的时程明显长于十二指肠起源的MMC波的相应参数。静脉注射合成猪MTL可引发起源于胃窦的不成熟Ⅲ相波 ,UDCA灌胃可使起源于十二指肠的MMC波周期缩短 ,Ⅲ期时程延长。结论　禁食大鼠MMC波可起源于胃窦和十二指肠 ,不同起源MMC波形特征不同。MTL和UDCA可分别影响禁食状态下不同起源的胃肠肌电活动。     

胃肠激素与十二指肠胃反流及消化间期胃肠移行性复合运动的关系

目的　探讨胃肠激素与生理性十二指肠胃反流 (DGR)及胃肠消化间期移行性复合运动 (MMC)的关系。方法　选择健康志愿者 2 0例 ,进行 2 4h胃内 pH和胃内胆汁监测 ;采用灌注式测压法进行长时夜间胃窦十二指肠压力测定 ;分别于碱反流、胆汁反流发生前后及胃窦十二指肠MMC各时相抽血 ,检测胃动素 (MTL)、P物质 (SP)、生长抑素(SS)、一氧化氮 (NO)的水平。结果　碱反流和胆汁反流发生时与未发生时比较 ,血中NO的浓度明显增高 ,分别为(98.2 3± 12 .14 ) μmol·L-1和 (71.2 4± 10 .2 1) μmol·L-1(P <0 .0 1) ;(87.32± 11.4 6 ) μmol·L-1和 (6 9.4 5± 10 .5 6 ) μmol·L-1(P <0 .0 5 ) ;血浆中MTL、SP、SS的浓度无显著性差异。血浆MTL浓度在胃窦MMCⅢ相时为 (32 9.5 6± 4 7.2 8)ng·L-1,比MMCⅠ相 (2 37.4 3± 4 1.5 4 )ng·L-1和MMCⅡ相 (2 5 6 .5 6± 4 4 .32 )ng·L-1显著增高 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。SP、SS、和NO在MMC各相无显著差异。结论　DGR的发生与NO浓度改变有关 ;MTL与MMCⅢ相的发生有关。     

神经营养因子-3对大鼠胃肠肌电活动的影响

目的　探讨进行人重组神经营养因子 3(rh NT 3)对大鼠胃肠动力及消化间期移行性复合肌电 (MMC)的影响。方法　在大鼠的胃窦、十二指肠、空肠及结肠处手术埋植银丝电极 5～ 7d后 ,在清醒空腹状态下通过尾静脉注射2 0 μg·kg- 1 的rh NT 3或安慰剂 ,对照分析注射前后各 2h大鼠的胃肠肌电活动变化。结果　rh NT 3对胃窦及小肠处的肌电活动有增强效应 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但对其MMCs周期无显著影响 ;在横结肠 ,rh NT 3不但可显著增强峰电的频率、振幅及延长峰电周期 ,而且可以使MMCs周期延长 [(2 5± 11)minvs.(19± 6 )min ,P <0 .0 5 ) ];在远端结肠处 ,rh NT 3打断MMC模式 ,引起类似MMCⅢ相的连续的峰电活动 ,持续约 (48± 6 )min。结论　外源性的rh NT 3对大鼠的胃肠肌电活动具有加强作用     

Effects of PYY on the interdigestive migrating myoelectric complex in the small intestine in vivo and the neural and endocrinal mechanisms of the effects

Objective To investigate the effects of peptide YY (PYY) on the interdigestive migrating myoelectrlc complex (MMC) in the small intestine in vivo and explore the neural and endecrinal mechanisms of the effects. Methods Spragne-Dawley rats were supplied with a venous catheter and bipolar electrodes in the duodenum and jejunum for electromyography of stomach and small intestine in wake state. PYY, phentolamine, nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase) and atropine were served with PYY respectively. The plasma motilin levels before and after the infusion of PYY were observed. Results At all the three recording points, PYY lengthened the drde length of MMC [from (591.90±128.98)s to (999.25±216.59)s, P<0. 01] and lowered the frequency of phase Ⅲ [from (39.28±8.40) min-1 to (22.08±3.13) min-1 , P<0.01], amplitude of phase Ⅲ [from (0. 320±0.060)mV to (0. 179±0.030)mV, P<0.01], and the portion of phase Ⅲ over the whole circle length [from (28. 61 ± 5.84)% to (15.43 ±5.16)% , P<0.01]. Phentolumine had no influence on the role of PYY. Administered L-NNA combined with PYY, the percentage of phase Ⅲ increased [(42. 09±8.67)%] compared with that of control(P<0.01) and compared with that of PYY administered alone (P<0. 01) too. Atropine combined with PYY showed stronger depressing effects on MMC. No significant difference was found between the plasma motilin levels before and after the infusion of PYY. Conclusion PYY my inhibit the interdigestive intestine motility through the none-adrenergic none-choUnergic tract, while the m-receptor tract and circulating motilin are probably not involved In the depressing effect.     

STUDY ON GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY IN SLOW TRANSIT CONSTIPATION

Ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｃｏｎｓｔｉｐａｔｉｏｎｉｓａｃｏｍｍｏｎｓｙｍｐｔｏｍｉｎｔｈｅｇｅｎｅｒａｌｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ .Ｓｏｍｅｏｆｉｔｓｆｏｒｍｓｒｅｓｕｌｔｆｒｏｍｅｎｄｏｃｒｉｎｅｏｒｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｃｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｓ ,ｏｒａｒｅｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙｔｏｎｅｒｖｏｕｓａｎｄｍｕｓｃｌｅｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ .Ｍｏｓｔｏｆｔｈｅｍａｒｅｒｅ ｆｅｒｒｅｄｔｏａｓｉｄｉｏｐａｔｈｉｃｏｒｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｓ .Ａｃ ｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｒａｎｓｉｔｓｔｕｄｙ ,ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｃｏｎｓｔ…     

胃消化间期压力活动的相位耦合分析

目的了解胃消化间期压力活动的对角切片谱分布情况。方法应用随机信号的对角切片谱分析胃消化间期压力活动,这种方法可克服功率谱分析缺少相位信息的缺陷,同时保留高阶谱分析包含相位信息的优良特性。结果胃消化间期移行性复合运动(MMC)Ⅲ期压力活动表现明显的平方相位自耦合结构,而Ⅰ期的压力活动几乎没有相位耦合。结论胃消化间期压力活动可能存在着非线性平方相位耦合关系,并从细胞分子水平上的胃肌电活动(GMA)对这种耦合现象发生的机理作了讨论。     

THE OVEREXPRESSION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CYCLIN D1 AND P53 IN CERVICAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS

Ｄｅｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｅｌｌｃｙｃｌｅｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｉｓｎｏｗｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄａｋｅｙｅｖｅｎｔｉｎｏｎｃｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓａｎｄａｌｔｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｇｅｎｅｓｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄｉｎｔｈｉｓｃｏｎｔｒｏｌａｒｅｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔｆｉｎｄｉｎｇｓｉｎｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｃａｎｃｅｒｍｏｄｅｌｓ.ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ1ｈａｓｄｒａｗｎａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎａｓａ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｏｎｃｏｇｅｎｅｉｎｓｅｖｅｒａｌｃａｎｃｅｒｔｙｐｅｓ .ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ1ｐａｒｔｉｃｉｐａｔｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｏ…     

尼卡地平、美托洛尔对冠心病患者非心脏手术时心率变异性的影响

目的　比较观察全麻患者插管前静脉给予尼卡地平或美托洛尔后心率变异性 (HRV)的变化。方法　 90例冠心病患者随机分为三组 ,每组 30例 ,Ⅰ组为对照组 ,Ⅱ组为尼卡地平组 ,Ⅲ组为美托洛尔组。在诱导前 2min ,Ⅰ组静注生理盐水 10mL ,Ⅱ组静注尼卡地平 2 0 μg·kg-1,Ⅲ组静注美托洛尔 4 0 μg·kg-1,其余操作均相同。结果　与Ⅰ组患者的心率相比 ,Ⅱ组显著升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;Ⅲ组显著降低 (P <0 .0 5 )。Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组患者的平均血压在插管前后均显著低于Ⅰ组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而这两组间无差别。与Ⅰ组患者相比 ,LF及LF/HF在Ⅱ组升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Ⅲ组降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;HF在Ⅱ组无明显变化 ,在Ⅲ组显著升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　插管前静注尼卡地平不能有效抑制插管时交感应激反应 ,反而增强了这种作用 ,而美托洛尔则相对能够有效抑制这种反应     

经颈静脉肝内门体分流术治疗肝硬化门脉高压症对机体液递物质的影响及疗效

目的探讨经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)治疗肝硬化门脉高压症对机体液递物质的影响及其临床疗效评价。方法肝硬化门脉高压症患者40例,分为TIPS组和内科组,每组20例。另选健康成人20例,作为正常对照组。应用放免法及生化分析法测定各组各时段血清一氧化氮(NO)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及血浆丙二醛(MDA)的水平,观察临床表现及肝功能的变化。结果TIPS术后所有患者出血停止,一般状况改善明显,TIPS术后1 d血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)较术前升高,且差异有显著性(P<0.01),术后7 d有所降低,与术前相比无显著性差异。两治疗组40例患者血清NOI、L-6及血浆MDA水平治疗前后均高于健康正常人(P<0.01)。TIPS组术后NO水平与内科组治疗一周后相比明显升高(P<0.01)。TIPS组术后NO水平较术前明显升高(P<0.01)。结论TIPS治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症近期疗效显著,术后肝功能无明显损害;术后血清NO水平升高,其机制可能与TIPS引起门脉及全身血流动力学变化有关;MDA无明显变化,表明肝脏总的血流灌注减少不明显。     

Relationship between the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and angiogenesis in glioma and its clinical significance

Objective To explore the role and significance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in angiogenesis through observing the relationship between the expression of MMP-9 and microvessel density (MVD) in glioma. Methods The expressions of MMP-9 and CD34 in 10 cases of normal brain tissues and 58 cases of glioma (14 cases of grade Ⅰ , 20 cases of grade Ⅱ , 15 cases of grade Ⅲ, and 9 cases of grade Ⅳ ) were detected by immunohistochemical streptavidin-peroxidase technique. The positive cells of MMP-9 and the positive microvessels were examined under binocular light microscope. Results The positive expression of MMP-9 in glioma was located in the tumor-cell cytoplast and endothelial cells. The positive rate of MMP-9 in glioma of grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was 42.9%, 65.0%, 86.7% and 88. 9%, respectively. The expression of MMP-9 was obviously higher than that of normal brain tissues (P<0.01) and positively correlated with glioma malignancy (rz =0. 597, P<0.05). MVD was correlated with glioma malignancy (H=47. 865, P<0. 05). The expression of MMP-9 was significantly correlated with MVD (rz =0.897, P<0.01). Conclusion The expressions of MMP-9 and MVD are correlated with glioma malignancy, which may be helpful in judging the malignancy, invasion and prognosis. MMP-9 plays an important role in angiogenesis of glioma and accelerates glioma malignancy development by promoting angiogenesis.     

鼻咽癌患者中CD4~+CD25~+T细胞与CCR4的相关性

目的 探讨鼻咽癌患者全身及肿瘤局部的免疫状态及其与CC类趋化因子受体-4(CCR4)的关系.方法 采用流式细胞术检测初诊鼻咽癌患者组织(25例)及外周血(35例)中CD4~+CD25~+T细胞与CCR4阳性细胞在淋巴细胞中的比例,并进行统计学分析.结果 鼻咽癌组织及外周血中CD4~+CD25~+T细胞及CCR4阳性细胞的比例高于对照组(P<0.05);两种细胞在鼻咽癌组织中的比例高于外周血(P<0.05),而对照组外周血与组织中却无明显差别(P>0.05);鼻咽癌Ⅲ+Ⅳ期组织中的 CD4~+CD25~+T细胞比例高于Ⅰ+Ⅱ期(P<0.05),外周血中两组无明显差别(P>0.05);鼻咽癌组织及外周血中的CD4~+CD25~+T细胞与CCR4阳性细胞存在正相关关系.结论 鼻咽癌患者存在不同程度的免疫抑制,肿瘤局部免疫抑制更为严重;CD4~+CD25~+T细胞的比例与鼻咽癌分期相关,分期越晚,该细胞比例越高;CCR4在介导CD4~+CD25~+T 细胞趋化到肿瘤局部的过程中起了一定作用.     

出口梗阻型便秘的动力障碍分型诊断新策略

目的研究出口梗阻型便秘(outlet obstructive constipation,OOC)患者肛门直肠动力和感觉功能监测,探讨肛肠动力监测值对OOC的动力障碍分型诊断及指导治疗的实际临床价值。方法通过肛管直肠动力学和感觉功能监测系统检测200例符合RomeⅢ诊断标准的OOC患者及50名健康人(对照组)的肛管直肠动力学和感觉功能监测相关指标,分别分析肛门直肠压力指标和感觉功能监测指标,观察肛肠动力学和感觉功能改变对OOC的动力障碍分型诊断及治疗上的指导作用。同时对比分析OOC患者与对照组的动力和感觉功能相关指标。结果 200例OOC患者肛门直肠动力正常84例,异常116例(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型分别为64、38、14例);Ⅱ型组肛门静息压明显低于对照组、Ⅰ型组和Ⅲ型组(P<0.05)。200例OOC患者中,76例直肠感觉功能正常,124例患者异常。OOC组感知阈值与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。OOC组患者直肠静息压、肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压和肛管括约肌的长度与正常对照相比均无明显的差异,但松弛压OOC组患者高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论肛门直肠动力和感觉功能测定对OOC的动力障碍分型诊断及选择正确的治疗方法提供了依据,对临床具有很重要的实际意义。     

单极、等离子双极宫腔镜黏膜下肌瘤电切术的临床对照研究

目的 比较单极宫腔镜电切术和等离子双极宫腔镜电切术的安全性及优越性.方法 收集行宫腔镜黏膜下肌瘤电切术患者60例.所有患者均于术前、术后即刻检测外周静脉血Na~+、Cl~-、K~+、Glu浓度,记录手术时间、灌流液吸收量、术中出血量等指标,应用SPSS10.0统计软件进行比较分析.结果 ①单极电切组术后Na~+、Cl~-、K~+浓度较术前明显下降(P<0.05),而Glu则明显升高(P<0.05);等离子双极电切组术前、术后Na~+、Cl~-、K~+、Glu浓度变化均无统计学意义(P>0.05).②术后比较,两组间Na~+、Cl~-、Glu的变化具有统计学意义(P<0.05),手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);单极电切组灌流液吸收量、术中出血量均较等离子双极电切组为多(P<0.05).③单极电切组中,Ⅱ型肌瘤患者的Na~+、Cl~-、Glu浓度、灌流液吸收量、手术时间、术中失血量均明显高于Ⅰ型肌瘤及0型肌瘤患者;等离子双极电切组中,Ⅱ型肌瘤患者的灌流液吸收量、手术时间、术中失血量亦均明显高于Ⅰ型肌瘤及0型肌瘤患者,(P<0.05),但Na~+、Cl~-、K~+、Glu浓度变化3型之间无明显差异.结论 相对于单极宫腔镜电切术而言,等离子双极电切术不引起血电解质及血糖的明显变化,术中出血量相对较少.肌瘤类型对灌流液吸收量、手术时间、术中出血量影响较大,Ⅱ型肌瘤的灌流液吸收量、手术时间、术中出血量明显较0型及Ⅰ型增多.     

平肝降压胶囊对自发性高血压大鼠血管紧张素Ⅱ及肾素活性的影响

目的观察平肝降压胶囊对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血浆、下丘脑肾素活性(RA)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)水平的影响。方法20只雄性SHR随机分为模型对照组、平肝降压胶囊治疗组,另取10只同龄雄性Wistar-Kyoto大鼠作为正常对照组,用药12周后,采用放免法检测血浆和下丘脑RA及AngⅡ的水平。结果平肝降压胶囊能显著降低SHR血压(P<0.01);模型对照组血浆、下丘脑RA及AngⅡ水平较正常对照组明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);给予平肝降压胶囊治疗后血浆、下丘脑RA和AngⅡ的水平均明显降低(P<0.05)。结论平肝降压胶囊可能通过降低血浆、下丘脑RA及AngⅡ水平,从而达到降血压作用。     

INVESTIGATION OF REALGAR IN THE TREATMENT FOR MULTIPLE MYELOMA

Multiplemyeloma(MM)isaB cellmalignan cycharacterizedbyplasmacellsinthebonemarrow thatproducemonoclonalimmunoglobulin.Forthe highexpressionofmultipledrugresistantgenein theMMcells,MMhaslowerrecoveryratebut higherrelapserate.Itwasreportedrecentlythat As2O3…     

雷帕霉素对小鼠H_(22)肝癌细胞生长增殖的影响

目的 研究雷帕霉素(rapamycin, RPM)对H_(22)肝癌细胞生长增殖的影响.方法 体外培养小鼠H_(22)肝细胞癌株,分别与RPM、CsA、FK506和5-Fu共同孵育48 h,进行MTT实验.流式细胞仪测定各组H_(22)细胞的细胞周期变化,ELISA法测定各组上清液中VEGF含量.体内实验建立H_(22)肝细胞癌皮下移植瘤模型,同时完成C57BL/6→BALB/c小鼠异体皮肤移植模型.给予RPM、CsA、FK506和5-Fu灌胃,观察皮片存活情况.获取实验小鼠血清及肿瘤组织.计算各组肿瘤体积,通过CD34免疫组化染色测定各组肿瘤组织的微血管密度(MVD).结果 剂量为0.01、0.1、1 mg/L的RPM对对数生长的H_(22)肝细胞具有细胞毒性,抑制H_(22)小鼠肝癌细胞增殖,培养上清液中的VEGF浓度较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),细胞周期分析显示S期细胞数较其他免疫抑制剂组显著减少(P<0.05).体内实验显示给予1.5 mg/(kg·d)和4.5 mg/(kg·d)的RPM与5 mg/(kg·d) FK506、20 mg/(kg·d) CsA的皮片存活时间相等,而肿瘤体积显著减小(P<0.05).与对照组相比,实验剂量RPM显著降低了荷瘤小鼠血清中的VEGF含量(P<0.05),同时瘤组织内的MVD显著减少(P<0.05).结论 体外实验研究和动物实验证实,RPM具有抗免疫排斥和抗肿瘤增殖的特点,可能在肝移植治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤方面发挥优势.     

The effect of Levocarnitine on nutritional status and lipid metabolism during long-term maintenance hemodialysis

Objective To investigate the effect of Levocarnitine on lipid metabolism and nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and possible mechanism. Methods A total of 40 MHD patients [mean age (53.5±7.1) years] who underwent normal hemodialysis more than 6 months were randomly classified into two groups, Levocarnitine supplemented group (LS-G) (n=20; Levocarnitine supplementation after each normal hemodialysis session, at a dose of 1.0 g/day by intravenous administration) and control group (C-G) (n=20; normal hemodialysis). Before treatment, one month and three months after treatment we respectively measured or observed the following items, the tolerance to hemodialysis, carnitine level in plasma, C-reactive protein, IL-6, TNF-α, percentage of neutrophil, and some relevant nutritional parameters, such as lipid profile, transferrin, total protein, albumin and prealbumin levels. Comparative analysis was conducted between the two groups. Results In LS-G three months after treatment, the levels of carnitine, hemoglobin, and prealbumin in plasma were significantly increased (P<0.05), but C-reactive protein, neutrophil percentage, low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in contrast to those in C-G and before treatment. Transferrin, total protein, and albumin were elevated in LS-G, with no statistical significance. Conclusion There was a significant improvement of lipid metabolism and nutritional status for the long-term maintenance hemodialysis patients with Levocarnitine supplementation. And this improvement is related to the decrease of inflammatory factors.