生态系统健康的港口规划生态影响分析方法探讨

文章以海洋港口为例,综合港口建设的主要生态影响,指出目前规划环评生态影响分析方法的不足,探讨了基于区域生态系统健康的生态影响分析方法和思路,为定量评价港口规划实施对区域生态系统健康影响提供依据。     

The effect of institutional factors on public–private partnership success in ports

Port public–private partnerships (PPPs) are considered to be an important emerging mechanism for port development and improvement in port performance especially for developing countries. This paper empirically investigates the effect of institutional factors in the success of port’s PPPs; the latter defined as the attractiveness of the PPP project for private bidders and the market competitiveness of the facility. The empirical investigation of a large sample of ports finds that ‘regulatory quality’, ‘market openness’, ‘ease to start a business’ and ‘enforcing contracts’ are important institutional determinants of port PPP success and may ultimately contribute to port development and economic growth. The results are consistent with and add to the theoretical literature whereas practical implications for port authorities, managers and investors are discussed.     

Spatial impacts of road pricing: Accessibility, regional spillovers and territorial cohesion

Road pricing policies are gaining prominence in EU countries. These policies have positive impacts leading to mobility patterns which are socially and environmentally more desirable, but they also have negative impacts. One negative impact is to be found in regional accessibility, due to the increase in generalized transport costs. This study presents a methodology based on accessibility indicators and GIS to assess the accessibility impacts of a road pricing policy. The methodology was tested for the Spain’s road network considering two road pricing scenarios. It enables not only the more penalized regions to be identified but also negative road pricing spillover effects between regions. These effects are measured in terms of accessibility changes occurring in one region produced by charges implemented in another region. Finally, the study of accessibility disparities (by calculating inequality indexes for each of the scenarios considered), provides policymakers with useful information regarding the impact of road pricing policies from the point of view of territorial cohesion.     

海南省多机场体系协同发展建议

航空运输是进出海南省最重要的交通运输方式之一,对海南经济社会发展起着重要作用。为进一步加快海南自由贸易港建设,需要切实推进航空运输来往自由便利,这对海南多机场体系建设提出了更高要求。目前,海南省多机场体系正在快速成长阶段,但航空运输市场需求与基础设施供给不足的矛盾突出,机场功能定位和管理体制还有待理顺。本文梳理了海南省多机场体系发展特征,分析研究了协同发展面临的问题,最后提出相关发展建议。     

Quasi-landlord port financing in China: Features,practice and a contract theory analysis

Since the 1970s and 80s, landlord port has been the dominant port financing model in western large and medium-sized container ports. In China, many prospective port projects have also explored a landlord port financing model. However, some evidence suggests that landlord port financing in China is a variant of the international mainstream landlord port financing model. Based on an explanation of their unique features and practices, this paper analyzes the Chinese quasi-landlord port financing model from a contract theory perspective, in which it can be viewed as a double-level principal–agent relationship and two-layer profit distribution contract with three participants: the state-owned assets administration department, the port investment company and the operators. Furthermore, the results show that in the Chinese quasi-landlord port financing model, whether in the case of both joint venture and port land lease (fixed rent), or in the case of both joint venture and port land transfer, the optimal incentive scheme is the same as in the international landlord port financing model with profit sharing rent or mixed rent.     

The role of the air transport service in interregional long-distance students’ mobility in Italy

This study investigates the role of air transport service in the attractiveness of universities to national students, examining how it might stimulate local economic development by attracting highly skilled labor. Examining the flow of Italian university students at the provincial level in 2003–2012, we find that the air transport service affects university attractiveness for long-distance students living at least 300 km from their university. Specifically, accessibility increases with the proximity of universities to airports, when low-cost carriers serve university routes and more alternative airports exist at the origin. Further, our results suggest that, over the last decade, air transport service has facilitated mobility of long-distance students from southern areas to universities in the north of Italy, where students generally move to increase their future prospects.     

When it comes to container port efficiency,are all developing regions equal?

In this paper we carry out a container port performance analysis of the developing world between 2000 and 2010, using both parametric and nonparametric approaches. From a unique dataset – our sample covers 70 developing countries, 203 ports, and 1750 data points–, we examine the evolution and drivers of productivity and efficiency changes across developing regions. We show that productivity growth rates between 2000 and 2010 vary significantly and that this heterogeneity is explained by pure efficiency changes rather than scale efficiency of technological changes. Therefore, we carry out a detailed efficiency analysis to determine the drivers of port efficiency. Time series results show an upward trend for port efficiency in developing regions, as it increased from 51 percent in 2000 to 61 percent in 2010. Our analysis indicates that private sector participation, the reduction of corruption in the public sector, improvements in liner connectivity and the existence of multimodal links increase the level of port efficiency in developing regions.     

两种港口起重机轨道固定系统的比较研究

轨道固定系统是起重机平稳安全运行的基础,文章从轨道的受力分析出发,比较说明有缝轨道鱼尾板硬式固定系统和无缝轨道柔性固定系统的优缺点。     

灵山县沙坪港改扩建的对策和建议

文章结合当前广西西江黄金水道开发建设与北部湾经济区开放开发的趋势,阐述灵山县沙坪港改扩建的意义及发展现状,分析存在的问题,提出了加快灵山县沙坪港改扩建的对策和建议。     

鼓励业主投资建港的探讨

文章介绍了防城港港口发展历程和目前面临的重大发展机遇,分析了防城港港口建设中存在的问题,探讨了鼓励业主投资建港的必要性、法律政策依据和具体措施。     

基于OILMAP模型的洋浦港溢油风险研究

本文从环境敏感资源识别、区域风险分析、船舶交通事故源项分析等方面分析了海南洋浦港溢油风险现状及发展形势,并研究了溢油事故的危害和致因。本文将Oilmap溢油轨迹和归宿模型应用于洋浦港溢油风险研究,采用情景分析法假定溢油事故场景,并预测各事故情景下,溢油到达岸线的时间、油膜扫海面积等指标,对溢油事故污染风险进行了分析。     

港口排水工程设计中存在的问题及对策

文章针对当前港口排水工程设计中存在的主要问题,提出了相应的对策,为今后港口排水工程的设计提供参考。