港口集装箱运输与区域经济发展互动关系研究——以长江三角洲港口群为例

利用生产函数增长模型及灰色关联分析方法,探讨了长三角地区港口集装箱吞吐量与区域经济之间的互动关系,定量计算两者之间存在的关联度及港口生产指标对于经济增长的贡献,对长三角港口群与区域经济协调发展进行针对性分析.     

中韩集装箱码头泊位通过能力计算方法比较分析

首先介绍了中国大陆、中国香港和韩国三地现行的集装箱码头泊位通过能力计算公式,并从参数的选取、参数的取值和公式的结构三方面对计算公式进行了比较分析,指出了三地现行的集装箱码头泊位通过能力计算公式之间的差异,并通过实例分析指出了中国大陆目前还在采用的《海港总平面设计规范》（JTJ211-99）中的集装箱码头泊位通过能力计算公式存在的问题,揭示出集装箱码头年泊位实际吞吐能力超过设计能力的主要原因,并提出了相关建议。     

Competition between the ports of Hong Kong and Singapore: a structural vector error correction model to forecast the demand for container handling services

The objective of this paper is to provide the Hong Kong government with an alternative forecast of container throughput, by studying various interactive relationships between major ports in East and Southeast Asia. As the demand for container handling services is 'derived' from the demand for imports, the resulting market shares for the container handling services gripped by different regions inevitably become a mirror image of the relative competitiveness of their exports. When the markets of the two ports overlap, their market shares will become a function of the prices they charge and how well they meet the needs of the shippers and shipping lines. A vector error correction model (VECM) with structural identification was set up to capture this kind of trade-interdependency and oligopolistic relationship in the East and Southeast Asian market for container handling services. In the course of so-doing, the upward sloping supply curves and downward sloping demand curve for the container handling services provided by Hong Kong and Singapore are identified from the model. Interestingly, the impulse response functions display what is reminiscent of the trade-interdependency and oligopolistic relationship. The forecast of Hong Kong container throughput generated by the structural VECM is then compared with that obtained by the Hong Kong Port Development Board (PDB). The sensitivity analysis shows that, in all possible cases, the structural VECM produces higher growth paths for the Hong Kong container throughput than the PDB does and, hence, suggests an earlier construction of new terminals.     

集装箱码头实际完成吞吐量与设计能力之间存在差异的原因探索

近年来,在我国集装箱码头实际运营中,泊位实际完成的集装箱吞吐量往往超过其设计吞吐能力。目前,深圳港专业集装箱码头交通部核定吞吐能力为345万TEU,而2002年深圳港实际完成吞吐量达到762万TEU,实际完成吞吐量与其设计吞吐能力存在差异较大。本文通过对深圳港集装箱码头运营情况的调研和分析,进一步探索其两者存在差异的原因。     

珠三角集装箱码头发展与香港关系的定量论述

针对不同层面关注珠三角集装箱码头发展与香港的关系,从香港、深圳港和广州港等集装箱运输发展现状及关系着手,结合广东省外贸集装箱生成量和珠江三角洲集装箱码头规划和建设情况,在不同情景下以顺向和逆向思维预测和定量分析香港与珠三角集装箱码头吞吐量之间的互补关系,探索它们之间共同繁荣、协调发展的平衡点.     

二维扁卵形体近壁面水动力干扰实验

对长度-厚度比为7.0的二维扁卵形体近平壁面运动的水动力特性进行了研究.拖曳水池试验选择了六种不同的壁面间距,五个攻角状态,将卵形体模型安装在U形槽中,保证流场的二维特性.Reynolds数范围从5×105到2×106.根据无界流实验结果,在数据处理中消除测力天平的安装角误差.给出了水动力系数相对于间距、攻角的回归公式,并划分了三个典型的干扰区域:升力区、混合区、阻塞区.实验表明:即使对于钝尾物体,也存在类似机翼的升力效应,无界流中扁卵形体的升力线斜率小于二维平板机翼的相应值.当物体离壁面较远时,水动力系数随攻角线性变化,壁面影响随间距减小而增大;当物体离壁面很近时,出现排斥现象,水动力系数随攻角的变化呈非线性特征.与其它参数相比,在大部分试验状态下,运动速度对水动力系数的影响较小.