建设“五型”港口发展低碳水运

<正>改革开放以来,我国水运基础设施规模不断扩大。水运建设行业如何走资源节约型和环境友好型之路,大力发展低碳经济?我认为,应当创新港口规划、设计理念,着力建设"五型"港口,建立以港口为枢纽的综合交通体系,加快建设内河运输,促进水运建设行业全面、协调、可持续发展。     

交科院业务全接触

<正>决策篇交科院开展了"资源节约型、环境友好型交通发展模式研究",协助部起草"资源节约型、环境友好型公路、水路交通行业发展政策";开展了"节约型交通行业发展战略研究",协助部起草"建设节约型交通指导意见",成为指导行业有关工作的纲领性文件;开展了"建设创新型交通行业发展战     

我国资源节约环境友好型交通发展的现状与对策

本文全面系统分析了我国资源节约型、环境友好型交通发展现状,总结归纳了成绩及主要经验,并深入分析了当前存在的突出矛盾和面临的形势,研究提出可操作性的资源节约型、环境友好型交通发展的对策建议。     

编者按

<正>加快发展绿色交通是建设生态文明的基本要求,是转变交通运输发展方式的重要途径,也是实现交通运输与资源环境和谐发展的应有之义。绿色公路交通是发展绿色交通的重要方面。当前和今后一个时期,交通运输部把全面深化改革,集中力量加快推进"四个交通"发展作为主要的工作目标和方向。为全面深入贯彻落实部党组"四个交通"的战略部署,努力建设资源节约型、环境友好型     

国务院关于改革铁路投融资体制加快推进铁路建设的意见

铁路是国家重要的基础设施和民生工程，是资源节约型、环境友好型运输方式。改革铁路投融资体制，加快推进铁路建设，对于加快工业化和城镇化进程、带动相关产业发展、拉动投资合理增长、优化交通运输结构、降低社会物流成本、     

营运车辆油耗准入与退出机制将建

今后,油耗不达标的营业性商用车辆将退出道路运输市场。7月,记者从交通部了解到,一场"资源节约型、环境友好型交通发展模式——营业性车辆燃油消耗准入与退出专项行动计划"(简称"专项行动")已经开启。计划目标就是分析研究不同质量商用车燃料消耗量现状,制定营业性车辆燃料消耗量评价方法,确立道路运输行业客、货营业性车辆燃料消耗量评价     

城市化进程中的交通保障体系研究

通过交通与城市化辩证关系的研究,以及城市化进程中交通可持续发展的经验探讨,围绕建立"运输安全型、质量效益型、科技先导型、资源节约型、环境友好型"的可持续交通发展模式,研究构建科学合理的城市化交通保障体系.     

推动交通向现代服务业转型——专家热论《关于加快发展服务业的若干意见》

4月6日,在交通部科教司主持召开的《资源节约型、环境友好型交通发展模式研究》及《交通由传统产业向现代服务业转型战略研究》课题工作会上,国务院目前出台的《关于加快发展服务业的若干意见》(简称《意见》)成为与会代表热议的话题。与会代表表示,这个文件的     

简讯

商务部发布《机动车强制报废标准规定征求意见稿）》 近日,商务部发布了《机动车强制报废标准规定（征求意见稿）》（以下简称《意见稿》）,公开向社会各界征求意见。据悉,《意见稿》旨在为保障道路交通安全、鼓励技术进步、加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会起到积极作用。     

公路建设与资源节约型交通

加快建设资源节约型交通是贯彻落实科学发展观,建设和谐社会,促进交通事业全面、协调、可持续发展的要求。文章详细分析了工程建设的不同阶段造成资源浪费的原因,并提出了具体的处理措施,对当前建设资源节约型交通有一定的指导意义。     

Logsums for utility-maximizers and regret-minimizers,and their relation with desirability and satisfaction

This paper studies to what extent the Logsum-measure of user benefits relates to travelers’ perceptions of choice set-desirability and choice-satisfaction. Knowing these relations is important since researchers have recently started to analyze and interpret user benefits in general – and Logsums in specific – in terms of these more behaviorally oriented notions, rather than in terms of expected utility. Participants to a stated route choice experiment were asked to indicate, after each choice made, to what extent they considered the choice set to be desirable, or to what extent they were satisfied with the chosen alternative. These measurements were correlated with Logsums that were computed for each choice situation. In addition, the paper derives a regret-based Logsum (which gives the expected regret of a choice situation) and presents a comparison with its utilitarian counterpart. Also for this regret-based Logsum, correlations with desirability- and satisfaction-ratings are computed. As a general finding, it appears that all computed correlations are rather weak. This suggests that, at least in the context of our data, the utility-based Logsum and its regret-based counterpart appear to have only a fairly weak connection with the behavioral notions of choice set-desirability and choice-satisfaction.     

高速公路改扩建工程水土保持监测与评价

开展水土流失监测是水土保持监管的重要手段。文章以广西沿海高速公路改扩建工程一期工程水土保持监测实践为例,分析了工程建设水土流失特点,介绍了水土保持监测技术和方法,并通过对工程实例监测结果的分析评价,提出了水土保持监测工作中易出现的问题及相应的解决方案。     

公路与水路运输节能减排量化分析和比较

通过研究汽车与船舶的油耗特点,结合燃油种类与CO_2排放量的关系,建立了计算公路运输与水路运输单位耗油量与单位CO_2排放量的数学模型。通过敏感性分析,研究车速或航速与载货率对车辆或船舶单位CO_2排放量的影响。以从厦门港到盐田港的干散货运输为例,做了节能减排计算分析,并将结果与用其他方法获得的结果对比。在此基础上,对公路运输与水路运输节能减排做了敏感性分析研究,可以计算出能够体现水路运输节能减排优势的临界货运量。结果表明本文中介绍的方法能够为核算、比较公路运输与水路运输的节能减排效果提供更科学的量化参考。     

Resilience and accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities

Recent years have shown a rising popularity of the concept of resilience—both theoretically and empirically—in complex systems analysis. There is also a rising literature on resilience in the transport and spatial-economic field. The pluriform interpretation of resilience (e.g., engineering vs. ecological resilience) is related to methodological differences (e.g., stability in dynamics vs. evolutionary adaptivity). But in all cases the fundamental question is whether a complex system that is subjected to an external shock is able to recover, and if so, to which extent. The present paper [Based on presentation from cluster 6 (Accessibility) of the Nectar 2015 conference in Ann Arbour, USA.] aims to add a new dimension to resilience analysis in spatial systems, by addressing in particular the relationship between spatial accessibility at a municipality level and the resilience outcomes of the spatial system concerned. It does so by investigating to which extent accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities has mitigated the local shock absorption from the recent economic recession. In our study the shock absorption capacity of municipal accessibility is estimated by analysing the relevant resilience indicators for the period concerned. In this context, conventional resilience indicators based on either multivariate complex data (in particular, the Foster Resilience Capacity Index) or employment data (in particular, the Martin Resilience-Employment Index) are confronted with spatial connectivity data based on local accessibility measures, so that geographical mobility may be regarded as one of the shock-mitigating factors. The empirical analysis is carried out for two countries which have both proven to be rather shock-resistant during the recent economic crisis, viz. Sweden and The Netherlands. Clearly, the geographical structure of these countries forms a sharp mutual contrast, viz. a spatially dispersed economy with a few distinct urban concentrations versus a spatially dense economy with one major metropolitan centre (the Randstad), respectively. Our experiments are carried out for the 290 municipalities in Sweden and 40 COROPs in The Netherlands. Our research findings show relevant and new insights into differences in the local recovery potential in Sweden and The Netherlands.     

科技创新与公共自行车系统发展

城市公共自行车的发展已经历了三代,正向着第四代公共自行车系统发展。为探究科技创新在其发展过程中所起的作用,高新技术是否能够从根本上解决中国城市公共自行车损坏率过高的问题,以及高新技术在新一代公共自行车系统中的发展方向,笔者通过对城市公共自行车系统发展历程的回顾,发现科技创新在公共自行车系统发展过程中起到了积极的推动作用,但不能从根本上解决车辆被盗和损坏的问题。进一步分析了高新科技对公共自行车系统的利弊,指出需要因地制宜的发展项目,不应一味的追求高新技术在系统中的应用。最后展望第四代公共自行车发展,探索了与公共自行车系统相关的高新技术下一步的发展方向。     

隧道及地下工程结构防排水技术的发展和应用

文章总结了大瑶山隧道修建以来其复合式衬砌结构防排水试验研究和应用情况,介绍了塑料防水隔离层的防水机理及各种防水型式的优缺点,提出了改进建议.     

互联互通,走向繁荣

设施联通是"一带一路"国际合作高峰论坛六个平行主题会议之一,以"互联互通、走向繁荣"为主题,各国共商共议交通、能源、通信等设施联通务实合作。随着未来全球范围内基础设施的升级换代和互联互通,交通、能源与通信技术融合发展,催生新的业态,是拉动经济增长的新动能。在新一代基础设施网络体系的建设中,后发国家面临跨越发展的难得机遇,中国基础设施发展的经验具有重要借鉴意义。     

Subjective well-being and travel: retrospect and prospect

Although the improvement of well-being is often an implicitly-assumed goal of many, if not most, public policies, the study of subjective well-being (SWB) and travel has so far been confined to a relatively small segment of the travel behavior community. Accordingly, one main purpose of this paper is to introduce a larger share of the community to some fundamental SWB-related concepts and their application in transportation research, with the goal of attracting others to this rewarding area of study. At the same time, however, I also hope to offer some useful reflections to those already working in this field. After discussing some basic issues of terminology and measurement of SWB, I present from the literature four conceptual models relating travel and subjective well-being. Following one of those models, I review five ways in which travel can influence well-being. I conclude by examining some challenges associated with assessing the impacts of travel on well-being, as well as challenges associated with applying what we learn to policy.