带不确定动态的欠驱动水面船舶鲁棒自适应路径跟踪控制(英文)

A robust adaptive control strategy was developed to force an underactuated surface vessel to follow a reference path,despite the presence of uncertain parameters and unstructured uncertainties including exogenous disturbances and measurement noise.The reference path can be a curve or a straight line.The proposed controller was designed by using Lyapunov’s direct method and sliding mode control and backstepping techniques.Because the sway axis of the vessel was not directly actuated,two sliding surfaces were introduced,the first one in terms of the surge motion tracking errors and the second one for the yaw motion tracking errors.The adaptive control law guaranteed the uniform ultimate boundedness of the tracking errors.Numerical simulation results were provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller for path following of underactuated surface vessels.     

船舶航向模糊滑模控制器的设计与仿真

In considering the characteristic of a rudder,the maneuvers of a ship were described by an unmatched uncertain nonlinear mathematic model with unknown virtual control coefficient and parameter uncertainties.In order to solve the uncertainties in the ship heading control,specifically the controller singular and paramount re-estimation problem,a new multiple sliding-mode adaptive fuzzy control algorithm was proposed by combining Nussbaum gain technology,the approximation property of fuzzy logic systems,and a multiple sliding-mode control algorithm.Based on the Lyapunov function,it was proven in theory that the controller made all signals in the nonlinear system of unmatched uncertain ship motion uniformly bounded,with tracking errors converging to zero.Simulation results show that the demonstrated controller design can track a desired course fast and accurately.It also exhibits strong robustness peculiarity in relation to system uncertainties and disturbances.     

Modeling a high output marine steam generator feedwater control system which uses parallel turbine-driven feed pumps

Parallel turbine-driven feedwater pumps are needed when ships travel at high speed. In order to study marine steam generator feedwater control systems which use parallel turbine-driven feed pumps, a mathematical model of marine steam generator feedwater control system was developed which includes mathematical models of two steam generators and parallel turbine-driven feed pumps as well as mathematical models of feedwater pipes and feed regulating valves. The operating condition points of the parallel ttu-bine-driven feed pumps were calculated by the Chebyshev curve fit method. A water level controller for the steam generator and a rotary speed controller for the turbine-driven feed pumps were also included in the model. The accuracy of the mathematical models and their controllers was verified by comparing their results with those from a simulator.     

牵引车-飞机系统的路径跟踪控制(英文)

An aircraft tractor plays a significant role as a kind of important marine transport and support equipment. It’s necessary to study its controlling and manoeuvring stability to improve operation efficiency. A virtual prototyping model of the tractor-aircraft system based on Lagrange’s equation of the first kind with Lagrange mutipliers was established in this paper. According to the towing characteristics, a path-tracking controller using fuzzy logic theory was designed. Direction control herein was carried out through a compensatory tracking approach. Interactive co-simulation was performed to validate the path-tracking behavior in closed-loop. Simulation results indicated that the tractor followed the reference courses precisely on a flat ground.     

Modeling a high output marine steam generator feedwater control system which uses parallel turbine-driven feed pumps

Parallel turbine-driven feedwater pumps are needed when ships travel at high speed.In order to study marine steam generator feedwater control systems which use parallel turbine-driven feed pumps, a mathematical model of marine steam generator feedwater control system was developed which includes mathematical models of two steam generators and parallel turbine-driven feed pumps as well as mathematical models of feedwater pipes and feed regulating valves.The operating condition points of the parallel turbine-driven feed pumps were calculated by the Chebyshev curve fit method.A water level controller for the steam generator and a rotary speed controller for the turbine-driven feed pumps were also included in the model.The accuracy of the mathematical models and their controllers was verified by comparing their results with those from a simulator.     

Turbine speed control system based on a fuzzy-PID

The flexibility demand of marine nuclear power plant is very high,the multiple parameters of the marine nuclear power plant with the once-through steam generator are strongly coupled,and the normal PID control of the turbine speed can't meet the control demand.This paper introduces a turbine speed Fuzzy-PID controller to coordinately control the steam pressure and thus realize the demand for quick tracking and steady state control over the turbine speed by using the Fuzzy control's quick dynamic response and PID control's steady state performance.The simulation shows the improvement of the response time and steady state performance of the control system.     

Turbine speed control system based on a fuzzy-PID

The flexibility demand of marine nuclear power plant is very high, the multiple parameters of the marine nuclear power plant with the once-through steam generator are strongly coupled, and the normal PID control of the turbine speed can＇t meet the control demand. This paper introduces a turbine speed Fuzzy-PID controller to coordinately control the steam pressure and thus realize the demand for quick tracking and steady state control over the turbine speed by using the Fuzzy control＇s quick dynamic response and PID control＇s steady state performance. The simulation shows the improvement of the response time and steady state performance of the control system.     

Fuzzy-PID controlled lift feedback fin stabilizer

Conventional PID controllers are widely used in fin stabilizer control systems, but they have time-variations, nonlinearity, and uncertainty influencing their control effects. A lift feedback fuzzy-PID control method was developed to better deal with these problems, and this lift feedback fin stabilizer system was simulated under different sea condition. Test results showed the system has better anti-rolling performance than traditional fin-angle PID control systems.     

Expert S-surface control for autonomous underwater vehicles

S-surface control has proven to be an effective means for motion control of underwater autonomous vehicles （AUV）. However there are still problems maintaining steady precision of course due to the constant need to adjust parameters, especially where there are disturbing currents. Thus an intelligent integral was introduced to improve precision. An expert S-surface control was developed to tune the parameters on-line, based on the expert system, it provides S-surface control according to practical experience and control knowledge. To prevent control output over-compensation, a fuzzy neural network was included to adjust the production rules to the knowledge base. Experiments were conducted on an AUV simulation platform, and the results show that the expert S-surface controller performs better than an S-surface controller in environments with currents, producing good steady precision of course in a robust way.     

半潜平台动力定位系统模型预测控制器设计(英文)

This paper researches how to apply the advanced control technology of model predictive control(MPC) to the design of the dynamic positioning system(DPS) of a semi-submersible platform.First,a linear low-frequency motion model with three degrees of freedom was established in the context of a semi-submersible platform.Second,a model predictive controller was designed based on a model which took the constraints of the system into account.Third,simulation was carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the controller.The results show that the model predictive controller has good performance and good at dealing with the constraints of the system.     

基于动态反馈线性化的海洋机器人近水面横摇减摇控制

海洋机器人在近水面低速航行时,在海浪干扰下将产生横摇运动,严重影响机器人安全性能,因此利用零航速减摇鳍系统对横摇运动加以有效控制.针对机器人非线性运动模型及零航速减摇鳍升力模型的特点,利用动态反馈线性化方法设计横摇减摇控制规律.该方法通过将原系统扩展为含有伪状态变量的新系统,实现系统线性化,解决由减摇鳍升力模型引起的系统非线性形式控制输入的问题.理论证明及仿真结果表明该横摇控制规律是稳定有效的.     

水下机器人近水面横摇运动的解耦控制

水下机器人在近水面低速航行时,为了有效克服海浪干扰的作用,提高水下机器人横摇控制的性能,依据解耦控制理论和零航速减摇鳍的工作原理,在水下机器人水平面运动耦合模型的基础上运用解耦控制方法进行横摇控制.该方法将水平面运动耦合模型分解为横荡、横摇和艏摇三个子系统进行分析,根据期望性能指标配置横摇子系统模型的极点,并将均方差最小线性递推滤波算法引入到状态信号的反馈通路中.通过对各种海情下水下机器人的横摇运动姿态进行仿真,结果表明:该解耦控制方法可应用于水下机器人近水面横摇运动的控制,其控制结果良好.     

减摇鳍/水舱联合减摇系统模糊自适应滑模控制

针对减摇鳍和被动式减摇水舱设备在不同航速下的减摇特点,建立了船舶减摇鳍/水舱联合减摇系统的横摇数学模型。结合模糊自适应控制良好的逼近特性和滑模控制算法对扰动和模型参数变化的不灵敏性,设计了减摇鳍/水舱联合减摇系统的模糊自适应滑模控制器。采用实船参数的仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器具有良好的自适应性和鲁棒性,减摇鳍/水舱联合减摇控制系统在不同海况和不同航速下均具有良好的减摇效果。     

零航速减摇鳍鳍型参数估算方法

零航速减摇鳍具有双重工作模式,不同生力机理使其流体动力特性存在本质差异,从而导致二者对鳍型参数要求截然不同,为满足零航速模式需求,零航速减摇鳍大多选用小展弦比鳍型,但亦给常规减摇模式带来诸多不利影响.通过分析展弦比、翼梢形状等因素,从双模式对鳍型参数的实际要求出发,应用线性系统理论、对抗控制原理,提出适用于零航速减摇鳍的尺寸参数估算及综合评定方法,得出不可收放式零航速减摇鳍的最佳展弦比范围,为工程化设计提供了必要的理论依据.     

鳍/被动水舱联合减摇理论研究

本文在综合分析减摇鳍与被动减摇水舱两种减摇装置的优缺点的基础上,考虑某些特殊用途的船舶以及一些大型的军用舰艇在全航速下对船舶平衡要求较高的情况,采用了一种优良的全航速下的减摇方案--减摇鳍与被动水舱联合减摇装置.这种减摇装置将减摇鳍与被动水舱有效结合,有效地克服了减摇鳍与被动水舱的缺点,同时也放宽了对鳍静特征数的要求,这对于装有不可收放式减摇鳍的船舶具有实际意义.针对上述联合减摇装置建立了船舶/减摇鳍/水舱的数学分析模型,并进行了分析讨论.通过对一实船的理论计算,结果表明:鳍/被动水舱联合减摇方案与其它减摇装置相比有明显的优越性,这种装置弥补了减摇鳍和减摇水舱具有的缺点,为船舶减摇提供一种减摇的方法.同时,可在此基础上增加装置的功能,达到一定的经济性.     

零航速下变鳍型减摇鳍升力模型研究

升力数值的大小直接影响零航速下船舶减摇效果。为产生足够升力实现船舶在零航速下的有效减摇,提出了基于变形鳍的零航速减摇鳍设计方法。基于势流理论和旋涡作用力理论对变鳍型减摇鳍在零航速下升力进行分析,给出了升力解析表达式。通过计算流体力学软件Fluent对变鳍型减摇鳍进行升力数值计算。最后将Fluent计算结果与解析表达式结果对比,升力值基本吻合,验证了该种升力分析方法的正确性,为零航速下减摇鳍的设计提供了理论支持。     

CMAC与PID的复合控制在减摇鳍中的应用

提出了CMAC与PID复合控制的算法,并以此用于船舶非线性横摇减摇鳍中。以PID控制为反馈控制来保证控制系统的稳定性且抑制扰动,以CMAC为前馈补偿控制器实现系统的逆动态模型来确保系统的控制精度和响应速度。为了提高CMAC神经网络实时在线学习的快速性和准确性,采用了基于信度分配的CA-CMAC-AMS学习算法。其仿真结果与传统的数字PID控制相比较,表明了该复合控制提高了减摇鳍控制系统的减摇效果,并具有较强的抗干扰能力和鲁棒性。     

一种船用服务机器人的轨迹跟踪控制

基于旅游类舰船的消费需求不断增加和机器人产业的逐渐普及,设计一种应用于游轮上的船用服务机器人。面对船舶复杂的工作环境等特点,该机器人位置跟踪和姿态跟踪控制显得尤为关键。首先根据驱动原理建立运动学模型,其次借鉴Backstepping方法设计虚拟控制的虚拟反馈,并结合Lyapunov函数构造出具有全局渐近稳定的轨迹跟踪控制器。最后并通过仿真实验证明该法具有稳定性好、响应时间短和稳态误差较小的优点,对机器人技术应用于船舶方向的研究产生了一定的积极影响。     

基于反馈线性化与闭环增益成形的减摇鳍控制

根据减摇鳍系统的非线性数学模型,设计了一种具有鲁棒性的非线性控制器。通过采用精确反馈线性化方法将减摇鳍系统的非线性模型线性化,然后用闭环增益成形算法设计出非线性鲁棒控制器。用Matlab的Simulink工具箱分别对相同海况下未进行减摇控制、已设定航速及航速减半状态时采用减摇鳍控制的非线性数学模型进行仿真。仿真结果表明,该控制策略对于减摇鳍非线性控制系统是十分有效的,特别是鲁棒性能令人满意。算法的设计过程简单,物理意义明显。     

新型零航速矢量减摇系统研究

针对海洋科研平台、科考船等减摇系统的快速响应性工作需求,在螺旋桨推进器基础上开发了一种零航速矢量减摇系统。本文介绍系统机构设计及其工作原理,结合耐波性计算分析获取船舶横摇规律,采用滑台搭载重物往复移动方式,模拟船舶规则横摇以获得规则波实验条件,并通过船模实验验证该减摇装置作用下的船舶横摇减摇效果。零航速规则波模拟实验研究表明,该减摇装置具有可控性强、易改装的特点,能够大幅提高船舶的耐波性,为后续工程试验船舶上安装该减摇系统奠定理论与实验基础。