牵引车上车踏梯布置形式及轻量化设计对运营成本影响的研究

牵引车上车踏梯的主要功能是方便人员检修、操作搭载挂车等使用的,保障了操作人员上下牵引车底盘的安全。文章对牵引车上车踏梯的常见种类进行了简介,并根据上车踏梯的布置形式和轻量化设计对整车运营成本的影响进行了分析研究,为设计人员在牵引车底盘开发时,选择合适的上车踏梯布置形式、种类及材料选用提供参考,具有一定的指导意义。     

牵引车底盘登梯布置分析与设计

基于人机工程学原理,通过创建更符合当今中国人体尺寸的人体模型,对重型牵引车底盘登梯的布置以及人机工程特性进行了模拟仿真,并根据仿真结果对影响操作人员上下车舒适性的结构进行了优化设计.同时,为保证优化后的登梯强度及可靠性满足使用要求,采用有限元仿真技术进行了计算与验证.     

自卸车底盘减“副”该当如何走?

<正>随着国家治理超载的不断深入以及"节能减排"政策的逐步推进,国内主机厂和专用车厂纷纷对自身产品进行轻量化设计,牵引车与半挂车的列车整备质量可以控制在13t以下,这主要归功于新型材料的采用和产品结构优化。新型材料主要是高强度钢板和铝合金,产品在结构优化上,主要包括采用少片板簧或空气悬架、铝合金钢圈及真空胎,车架或厢板采用高强度钢板,优化专用装置结构等。不过这些方案主要是材料或零部件的替代,并没     

一种商用车动力不足改善方法研究

本文以一款经济型商用牵引车动力不足优化开发为例,应用AVL cruise及matlab编程工具,深度分析了优化车型的动力性表现,并结合国内牵引车的使用工况和客户需求,并同步分析经济性水平、客户价值,最终找到动力匹配优化方案。     

6×4重卡减重效果如何

中国重汽 豪沃 中国重汽的产品结构主要以自卸车与工程车为主,牵引车市场是其相对薄弱的环节,从今年开始,公司重点支持公路牵引车的网络布局,提升销量,轻量化是他们的杀手锏之一.     

浅析牵引车轻量化举措

随着国内法规的越加严格和完善,法规限值6×4牵引车列车总重49 000 kg,三轴半挂车最大允许总质量限值为40 000 kg,牵引车自重为列车总重减去半挂车总重及乘员体重后约为8 800 kg。所有通过降低整车自重,才可满足半挂车最大40 000 kg的限值。文章针对某6×4牵引车轻量化问题,从底盘结构优化,轻量化材料应用及轻量化配置应用三个方面进行可行性分析。通过计算机辅助工程（CAE）分析和试验验证保证设计方案合理有效。研究表明,通过合理的轻量化设计,可以达成牵引车自重小于8 800 kg目标。     

牵引车车架横梁开裂分析及优化改善

针对某牵引车车架横梁开裂事件,使用Creo构建整车三维模型,导入Hyperworks中进行前处理网格划分等,使用Optistruct进行求解得出弯曲、制动、左转弯、右转弯、扭转、扭转+转弯工况等分析结果,将结果与实际开裂情况进行了对比,结果表明在扭转+转弯工况下第三横梁开裂,与分析结果一致,并提出横梁优化方案进行求解,分析结果表明在扭转+转弯工况下,第二横梁最大应力值降低38.1%,第三横梁最大应力值降低64.3%,提出后续牵引车设计时横梁优化意见及注意事项。     

请给提升桥卡车一片发展空间

<正>在自动控制技术如此普及之时,开发这种自控装置已不是什么难题,国外已经开发出这样的装置。考验管理者智慧的,还是怎样用政策保障正确使用提升桥功能合法获利,使异化使用这种技术失去意义。在国内举办的大型商用车展上,进口品牌一般都会展出几款带有提升桥的牵引车产品。实际上,由于牵引车辅助提升桥良好的经济性——重载时可以降下承载重量,空载时可以将车桥提升,让提升桥轮胎与地面的摩擦阻力消失,进而降低油耗——因此这种产品在欧洲和北美得以长足发     

甩挂运输主挂结构设计匹配的分析与应用

针对某型号半挂牵引车在行驶途中与挂车的干涉问题,本文分析研究了导致干涉问题的原因,并进行相关国家法规标准解读,确定了影响甩挂运输主挂匹配的主要因素,运用DMU技术建立半挂车运动包络模型并进行半挂牵引车与挂车的运动仿真。提出优化牵引车底盘结构从而解决牵引车与挂车干涉问题的措施,并在实车上验证了该方案的有效性。     

基于Matlab的半挂汽车列车侧倾稳定性分析

针对重型半挂汽车列车侧倾稳定性问题,在Matlab/simulink中建立了重型半挂汽车列车的数学模型及动力学仿真模型,并进行了转向盘阶跃转向输入下的牵引车驱动轴横向载荷转移仿真分析.仿真结果表明,牵引车驱动轴为侧倾稳定性危险车轴.通过分析不同车速和车辆结构参数时牵引车驱动轴载荷转移的变化情况,得到重型半挂汽车列车侧倾稳定性与车辆主要结构参数及不同车速间的关系.     

牵引车侧防护装置的布置与设计

市场上牵引车侧防护大多为刚性结构,也有些为刚性护栏结构。当发生侧面碰撞时,不能有效保护行人及小汽车的安全,造成行人、小汽车钻进车底伤亡及严重伤害的事故,本文通过提供一种牵引车侧防护装置,克服现有侧防护装置的缺陷,减少汽车发生侧碰撞时发生伤亡事故。该侧防护装置不仅避免发生侧碰的小车及行人钻进车底,而且能保护牵引车的大梁、油箱、电瓶等部分重要的零部件免遭碰撞破坏。同时还提高了牵引车的整车基本性能,也为节能减排、降低车的风阻系数、降低油耗起到重要作用。本文就牵引车的侧防护理论设计及布置方法、结构选型、布置及主要参数的确定进行论述。     

中间位置转向试验与半挂牵引车操纵稳定性

根据半挂牵引车的特点，引入并修改了国外广泛应用的中间位置转向操纵稳定性试验方法，介绍了对试验结果的评价方法，并结合某国产牵引车和Scania360型牵引车进行了试验验证。通过试验发现，国产牵引车在路感、转向响应等方面都需进行改进；该试验方法在半挂牵引车操纵稳定性试验中应用是可行的。     

基于HyperWorks导向臂支架的结构优化及改进设计

针对某6×4牵引车复合空气悬架导向臂支架断裂原因进行了分析,排除导向臂支架的铸造缺陷、材料及工艺加工导致失效问题,最终确定导向臂支架的断裂原因主要是由于结构设计不合理导致断裂,在原结构的基础上,确保安装结构基本不变,运用catia三维建模和HyperWorks软件分别完成三种方案的三维建模和静强度分析,通过分析结果比对,改进方案相比原方案,重量降低了8%,疲劳寿命提高了13%,最后经过疲劳寿命分析和15000km的道路可靠性试验,改进后的导向臂支架满足设计使用要求,提高了经济效益。     

德国曼大功率牵引车正式进入中国市场

2014年4月19日,在2014北京国际车展前夜举办的＂大众汽车集团之夜＂上,德国曼展示并发布了1款大功率豪华牵引车-—TGX 28.480 6×2-2 BLS。德国曼TGX 28.480采用D2676LF07发动机,最大功率353 kW,动力强劲。     

Dynamic Modification Applied to the Design of the Handle of a Walking Tractor

In this paper, the vibration on the handle of a walking tractor is measured and evaluated. The results show that the vibration on the handle is rather large and affects the health of drivers. To analyze the relation between the dynamic behavior of the structure and the vibration sources, we first made a modal analysis of the handle of the walking tractor and found that the second modal frequency is coupled with the primary forcing frequency of the engine. In order to separate these frequencies, we made a modification to the design of the handle of the walking tractor using a structural dynamic modification approach, and the vibration on the handle of the walking tractor is reduced considerably. Finally, we also made a forced response simulation around the modified structure.     

Frequency Response Analysis of Canadian Logging Trucks

SUMMARY

This paper examines the frequency responses often logging truck configurations currently operating in the interior of British Columbia in Canada. The work is an extension of a previous study conducted at the National Research Council (NRC) in 1990. The previous study presented an extensive analysts of the directional responses and frequency responses of four Canadian log-hauling truck configurations; a tractor/pole trailer, a tractor/triaxle trailer, a tractor/quadaxle trailer (with a single load), and a tractor/single-axle-jeep/pole trailer. In the current study, the frequency responses of these four configurations are compared with those of six more log-hauling truck configurations; a tractor/ tandem-axle-jeep/pole trailer, a doglogger, a double doglogger, a tractor/quadaxle trailer (with a dual load), a tractor/jeep/triaxle trailer, and a tractor/jeep/quadaxle trailer. The current study makes use of three models developed by NRC in the previous study, and a new model developed at NRC in cooperation with the University of Victoria.

The frequency response method has been applied in this study to predict the lateral acceleration at the centre of gravity of each articulated vehicle unit, and the rearward amplification ratio. The logging truck simulation results have been compared with corresponding results, obtained using UMTRI's simplified models, for three conventional highway vehicles; a tractor/semitrailer, a B-train, and an A-train. The comparison provides a useful indication of the differences between the behaviours of logging trucks and conventional highway trucks in their shared environment.     

A Theoretical Analysis of the Ride Vibration of Agricultural Tractor and Trailer Combinations

A six degree of freedom model of an agricultural tractor and trailer combination has been developed. Results from eigenvalue and frequency response calculations indicated that tractor operator vibration levels will be higher when operating with a trailer than for the tractor alone, due mainly to increased tractor pitch motion.

Although minor improvements could be made to present tractor and trailer combinations by moving the hitch forward of the tractor rear axle or providing some damping at a sprung hitch, the scope for a significant improvement in ride lies in changing the configuration. If higher speed specialised transport vehicles prove economical for agriculture, there are some advantages in ride vibration to be gained by changing the layout of the tractor and trailer combination to resemble an off-road version of a commercial articulated lorry.     

开敞式TBM步进技术

我国采用硬岩掘进机施工的项目,有一个突出的特点是TBM法和钻爆法充分结合,因而开始掘进前、中间转场或贯通后TBM都需要步进,甚至是长距离步进,TBM步进速度对工期影响较为明显。本文系统地总结了现有的TBM步进技术,重点论述目前效率最高、迅速得以推广应用的滑板式步进技术,包括结构与原理、步进流程、技术要点、应用效果、适应性改进、辅助工程需要注意的事项等。开敞式TBM采用滑板式步进技术具有设备投入少、施工设施投资少、步进速度快、适用于长短距离步进的优点。     

A Theoretical Analysis of the Ride Vibration of Agricultural Tractor and Trailer Combinations

SUMMARY

A six degree of freedom model of an agricultural tractor and trailer combination has been developed. Results from eigenvalue and frequency response calculations indicated that tractor operator vibration levels will be higher when operating with a trailer than for the tractor alone, due mainly to increased tractor pitch motion.

Although minor improvements could be made to present tractor and trailer combinations by moving the hitch forward of the tractor rear axle or providing some damping at a sprung hitch, the scope for a significant improvement in ride lies in changing the configuration. If higher speed specialised transport vehicles prove economical for agriculture, there are some advantages in ride vibration to be gained by changing the layout of the tractor and trailer combination to resemble an off-road version of a commercial articulated lorry.     

Front-Rear Interaction of a Pitch-Plane Truck Model

Results from a previously reported experimental study on heavy articulated vehicles show that the choice of tractor unit strongly affects the dynamic tyre forces generated by the trailer axles, but the choice of trailer unit does not strongly affect the tyre forces generated by the tractor axles. These results have implications for assessing the road-friendliness of tractor and trailer units. The objectives of the work described in this paper are to understand the dynamic interaction between the tractor and trailer unit, and to identify the conditions for which strong interaction exists. A mathematical model with two degrees of freedom is used to simulate the pitch-plane dynamics of an articulated vehicle. Three idealized vehicles are investigated and three conditions for strong dynamic interaction are identified. It is thought that these conditions are likely to exist in a large proportion of heavy trucks.