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传统柴油机是以扩散燃烧为主的燃烧方式,其NOx和PM排放物的控制难度较大,可通过延迟喷油、废气再循环、高压共轨、增压中冷等技术的组合来改善燃烧过程,也可组织新的燃烧方式进行排放控制。 相似文献
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高压共轨系统作为目前柴油机普遍采用的喷油系统,可以提高燃烧效率,降低尾气污染物排放。为解决高压共轨试验台因不具备联网功能而无法进行喷油规律数据搜集和分析的问题,文章设计了一套基于物联网模式的高压共轨试验台测控系统。采用触摸屏作为本地人机交互方式,物联网通信模块为远程通信方式,实现了在良好人机交互的前提下的远程数据采集功能,为电控燃油喷射系统喷油规律的研究提供了基础。 相似文献
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以2.0T高压共轨柴油机和Bosch第二代高压共轨燃油喷射系统为基础,制定了起动控制策略,并通过试验,在喷油量一定的情况下,优化了起动控制策略中起动调整转矩常数、喷油比例和喷射定时等参数。结果表明:起动调整转矩常数设为25N·m,使燃烧和放热重心都在上止点附近,燃油燃烧充分;2次预喷和1次主喷的喷油比例设置为20%-20%-60%,可缩短发动机起动时间和稳定起动过程中的最高缸压;通过正交试验确定了最优喷射正时,有效降低了起动循环最高缸压均方差,并提高了起动首循环热效率。发动机经优化后,缩短了的起动时间,提高了起动的平顺度和平稳性,燃油燃烧更加充分,从而全面提高了发动机的起动性能。 相似文献
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以2.0T高压共轨柴油机和Bosch第二代高压共轨燃油喷射系统为基础,制定了起动控制策略,并通过试验,在喷油量一定的情况下,优化了起动控制策略中起动调整转矩常数、喷油比例和喷射定时等参数。结果表明:起动调整转矩常数设为25N·m,使燃烧和放热重心都在上止点附近,燃油燃烧充分;2次预喷和1次主喷的喷油比例设置为20%-20%-60%,可缩短发动机起动时间和稳定起动过程中的最高缸压;通过正交试验确定了最优喷射正时,有效降低了起动循环最高缸压均方差,并提高了起动首循环热效率。发动机经优化后,缩短了的起动时间,提高了起动的平顺度和平稳性,燃油燃烧更加充分,从而全面提高了发动机的起动性能。 相似文献
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现有电控共轨式燃油喷射系统有共轨蓄压式、共轨液压式和高压共轨式三种。其特点是通过高压共轨、共轨蓄压或液力增压形成高压,用电磁阀控制喷油过程。它有高压燃油泵、共轨油管、高压油管、喷油器、电控装置、各种传感器和执行器等组成。 相似文献
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<正>众所周知,提高柴油机动力性、经济性和降低排放的中心任务是改善柴油机的燃烧过程。而只有通过灵活的燃油喷射控制才能实现最佳的缸内燃烧。电控高压共轨系统,是柴油机电控技术发展过程中的一个重大飞跃,是迄今为止针对柴油机的最佳解决方案。因为它改变了传统的机械式喷油系统 相似文献
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《汽车安全与节能学报》2014,(4)
为实现柴油机的高效低排放燃烧,研究了在晚喷条件下的超多喷孔喷射对高压共轨柴油机喷雾、燃烧和排放特性的影响。利用KIVA-3V程序,对一台6缸高压共轨柴油机进行三维模拟,并对其进行了试验验证。结果表明:与传统喷油器相比,超多喷孔喷油器上、下层油束的干涉作用使喷雾形态显得分散很多,这有利于雾化和蒸发。采用超多喷孔喷油器后,呈预混燃烧。与传统喷油器方案相比,放热率峰值增大60%,NOx排放增大36%,碳烟生成区域明显减小、峰值下降48%。在保证动力性的前提下,采用超多喷孔喷油器和废气再循环技术、推迟喷油、提高喷射压力,NOx降低64%,碳烟降低46%。因而,这种柴油机能够实现高效清洁预混燃烧。 相似文献
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三、电控高压共轨燃油喷射系统
电控高压共轨技术是指在高压油泵、压力传感器和ECM组成的闭环控制系统中,喷油压力不由针阀挤压燃油而产生,且其大小与发动机转速无关的一种供油方式。在共轨供油系统中,喷油压力的产生和喷射过程是彼此完全分开的,高压油泵把高压燃油输入到蓄压器中,通过对蓄压器内油压的调节实现精确控制,使最终高压油管压力的大小与发动机的转速无关。 相似文献
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在一台单缸柴油机上加装天然气电控喷射系统,改造成柴油/CNG双燃料发动机。通过示功图、放热率、排放特性和经济性的实验与分析,研究了纯柴油和双燃料两种燃烧模式下应用冷却EGR的效果。研究表明:不管是纯柴油模式还是双燃料模式,使用EGR之后,NOx都有大幅度降低;纯柴油模式使用EGR之后,会带来碳烟排放的恶化,但是对于双燃料模式,当EGR比例在22%以内,负荷小于75%时,不会造成碳烟排放的恶化。随着EGR比例的增大,燃烧放热率曲线由双峰过渡到单峰形状,具有均质压燃(HCCI)燃烧过程的特征。 相似文献
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The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of injection conditions and swirl on D.I. diesel combustion using
a transparent engine system. The test engine is equipped with a common rail injection system to control injection conditions
and to obtain split injection characteristics. A combustion analysis and steady flow test were conducted to measure the heat
release rate due to cylinder pressure and the swirl ratio. In addition, spray and diffusion flame images were obtained using
a high speed camera. The LII & LIS methods were also used to obtain 2-D soot and droplet distributions. High injection pressure
was found to shorten ignition delay, as well as to enhance peak pressure. The results also revealed that the heat release
rate in the premixed combustion region was markedly reduced through the use of pilot injection, while the soot distribution
and the heat release rate in the diffusion combustion region were increased. The swirl effect was found to shorten ignition
delay at certain injection timings, and to enhance the heat release rate in all experimental conditions. 相似文献
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T. Fang R. E. Coverdill C. -F. F. Lee R. A. White 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(3):285-295
In this paper, the influence of injection parameters on the transition from Premixed Charge Combustion Ignition (PCCI) combustion
to conventional diesel combustion was investigated in an optically accessible High-Speed Direct-Injection (HSDI) diesel engine
using multiple injection strategies. The heat release characteristics were analyzed using incylinder pressure for different
operating conditions. The whole cycle combustion process was visualized with a high-speed video camera by simultaneously capturing
the natural flame luminosity from both the bottom of the optical piston and the side window, showing the three dimensional
combustion structure within the combustion chamber. Eight operating conditions were selected to address the influences of
injection pressure, injection timing, and fuel quantity of the first injection on the development of second injection combustion.
For some cases with early first injection timing and a small fuel quantity, no liquid fuel is found when luminous flame points
appear, which shows that premixed combustion occurs for these cases. However, with the increase of first injection fuel quantity
and retardation of the first injection timing, the combustion mode transitions from PCCI combustion to diffusion flame combustion,
with liquid fuel being injected into the hot flame. The observed combustion phenomena are mainly determined by the ambient
temperature and pressure at the start of the second injection event. The start-of-injection ambient conditions are greatly
influenced by the first injection timing, fuel quantity, and injection pressure. Small fuel quantity and early injection timing
of the first injection event and high injection pressure are preferable for low sooting combustion. 相似文献
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为了改善发动机燃用高比例生物质混合燃料的性能,在中等比例的生物柴油-柴油混合燃料中分别添加5%、10%和20%体积比的乙醇(分别用BD50E5,BD50E10和BD50E20表示),在一台6缸增压共轨柴油机上,将发动机的转速稳定在1 600 r·min-1,选择7个不同的负荷点测定不同掺混比生物柴油-柴油-乙醇混合燃料的燃烧与排放性能,并将其与柴油进行对比。结果表明:在平均有效压力为0.322 MPa的低负荷条件下,发动机为预喷加主喷喷油策略,在预喷的低温反应阶段生物柴油-柴油-乙醇混合燃料产生了大量羟基自由基,因此混合燃料的缸内最大压力和最大瞬时放热率均高于柴油;随着负荷的增大,当平均有效压力为0.805 MPa时,发动机的喷油策略转变为单段喷射,乙醇的热值较低导致生物柴油-柴油-乙醇混合燃料的缸内最大压力和最大瞬时放热率低于柴油;随着乙醇掺混比的增大,受乙醇低十六烷值和高汽化潜热的影响,生物柴油-柴油-乙醇混合燃料的滞燃期明显延长;强烈的预混燃烧和乙醇的高含氧量使混合燃料的燃烧速度明显加快,乙醇的添加有利于燃料集中放热从而缩短燃烧持续期;与纯柴油相比,BD50E5,BD50E10和BD50E20的NOx排放量分别升高了10.46%、12.59%和17.52%,碳烟排放量分别降低了37.91%、45.85%和49.25%,CO排放量分别降低了20.24%、36.43%和46.43%,HC排放量分别降低了12.53%、4.40%和0.76%。 相似文献
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Miaomiao Zhang Wei Hong Fangxi Xie Yan Su Liwei Han Bin Wu 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2018,19(3):393-404
A detailed investigation of the impact of injection timing and injection pressure on combustion and particles of a spray-guided GDI engine was conducted, under different engine operating conditions. The results indicated that, more proportion of large particles were emitted when increasing engine load, and the peak of accumulation mode particles moved toward smaller size when rising engine speed. With retarding the injection timing, the in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate rose first and then dropped at 2000 rpm, but they continuously rose at lower or higher speed conditions. The total particles concentration curves at all cases showed a trend of U-shape, and the corresponding timing of the lowest particles concentration advanced as the engine speed or load increased. The minimum value of emitted particles first rose and then fell when increasing load at 2000 rpm conditions, and it continuously rose when increasing speed at 40 Nm conditions. Generally, injection pressure did no sensitively affect combustion process except that it showed a relatively strong impact at low load conditions. However, particulate matter could be effectively inhibited by elevating fuel pressure from 5.5 to 11.5 MPa at all cases. In detail, the total particles concentration continuously fell at low speed and mid speed-high load cases, but it showed a rose trend when further increase fuel injection pressure at mid speed-low load and high-speed conditions. 相似文献