广佛、佛开高速公路改扩建工程交通组织方案研究

交通组织是道路改扩建工程的重要组成部分,结合广佛、佛开高速公路改扩建工程的交通组织方案,介绍了交通组织的模式,及不同组织模式的应用。     

城市道路建设中的交通组织与安全保障技术探讨

文章立足于城市道路建设的交通组织基本原理,首先从施工道路现状调查获取有关数据、针对占道路施工进行设计、施工交通组织方案设计来分析城市道路建设方案设计;接着阐述了城市交通建设交通组织方案的实施;最后还从制度、资金、技术等方面详细探讨城市道路建设中的交通组织与安全保障.     

市政道路施工的交通组织设计要点分析

为解决道路建设发展难题,保证市政道路的施工质量,以市政道路施工为例展开研究,结合市政道路工程主要特点,明确指出道路施工交通组织的基本原则,提出几点设计要点,主要内容包括：明确设计思路、分析基础设施、作业道路组织设计、区段限速、安全设施,旨意在优化交通组织设计效果,保证道路施工质量,促进市政道路工程保质保量地建成,为相关人士提供有效参考。     

TransCAD软件在城市单向交通组织方案中的验证应用

单向交通组织可以改善城市交通拥堵和提高路网利用率,因此,在交通组织管理方案实施前就应对其进行评价与完善,综合分析道路单向运行后的各交通参数,优化单向交通方案,是单向交通组织成功的必要前提。采用美国Caliper公司开发的交通软件TransCAD,对单向交通组织方案进行仿真,通过对比评价组织方案实施后的综合交通效益,确定单向交通组织方案的优劣。     

大型体育设施交通配套设施优化及交通组织策略研究——以昆山专业足球场为例

大型体育设施交通配套设施及交通组织是大型赛事（活动）举办的重要保障,为合理、有效利用各种交通资源,保障大型赛事（活动）期间城市交通的正常运行,系统总结大型体育设施举办赛事（活动）交通需求、日常交通需求特征,从道路、公共交通、停车、交通组织等层面研究大型体育设施交通配套设施优化及交通组织策略,阐述大型体育设施交通配套设施及交通组织优化流程。以昆山专业足球场为例,对大型体育交通配套设施优化及交通组织策略进行实践应用,形成行之有效的大型体育设施交通配套设施及交通组织优化策略与方法。     

上中路越江隧道浦西出人口交通组织设计方案

上中路隧道作为中环南段的越江节点工程，其建成后，能否最大限度地发挥中环主线的交通效益．有效地减轻邻近越江设施的交通压力，减少对周边地区的交通冲击，关键之一在于越江隧道出入口及周边道路的交通组织设计。本次设计从整体出发，研究隧道出入口及周边路网的关系，调整周边道路功能，保证中环线主线和上中路隧道交通通畅；从局部入手，通过隧道入口设计、调整交通控制策略等手段，消除隧道与相接道路及周边道路的交通瓶颈，满足周边地区过江的需求，减少隧道交通对周边地区交通的冲击。     

综合信息

交通运输部组织灾区交通重建调研组赴川开展现场调研2008年5月12日四川汶川发生的严重地震对汶川以及周边地区的交通基础设施造成了严重破坏。为了快速重建四川地震灾区交通,科学重建灾区交通系统,为灾区人民重建家园提供先行的道路保障,交通运输部组织了4个灾区交通重建调研组     

道路危货运输培训应强化制度管理

湖南省道路危货运输从业人员的培训管理模式,是由设区的市级交通主管部门委托设区的市级运管机构或驾驶员培训学校进行培训组织,由市级运管机构与市级交通主管部门共同组织考试,并由市级交通主管部门进行发证管理。当前,业界普遍存在着培训管理机构不统一、培训教材不统一、从业人员文化水平偏低、人员素质不高等问题,对此,有关部门应对省内现有12384名道路危险货物运输从业人员的培训工作予以高度重视。     

道路旅客运输安全风险辨识原则和组织流程研究

本文确定了道路旅客运输安全风险辨识的原则、组织机构、辨识主体和工作程序,并从驾驶员、车辆、道路基础设施、交通环境和安全管理制度等5个方面对道路旅客运输安全风险源进行辨识,得到185个危险源,可为道路旅客运输企业的安全风险辨识提供参考。     

德国物流业发展的思考与启示

为借“它山之石”，高标准、加速度、深层次推进交通物流发展，笔者去年参加了交通运输部组织的道路运输货运组织模式德国培训团，近观其物流业繁荣，感触颇深，收获良多。     

山区城市交通拥挤成因分析及对策研究

文章以重庆市道路交通为例,从特殊地理环境因素、城市道路管理及城市规划等方面分析了山区城市道路交通拥挤的原因,并基于道路因素,从城市道路规划和整合建筑与交通空间方面提出了缓解交通拥堵的措施和建议。     

Study on road section environmental traffic capacity model and algorithm under double constraints

The coordinated development of city traffic and environment is a key research content in traffic field in twenty-first Century. Among them, road section environmental traffic capacity analysis is one of the important research issues. It can provide solid theoretical basis and reliable data support for road network traffic optimization control, road traffic pollution control and city traffic structure optimization. This paper analyzed main factors which impacted environmental traffic capacity from two aspects, including road capacity constraint conditions and road traffic pollution control constraint conditions. Then, road section environmental traffic capacity optimization model was established, and method of improved augmented Lagrange function was used to solve the model. Case study showed that, (1) The environmental traffic capacity optimal model and methodology were effective; (2) In order to ensure road section environmental traffic capacity greater than (or equal to) road capacity, some measures could be taken including adjusting motor vehicle type proportion as well as improving emission characteristics of motor vehicles exhausting pollutants.     

Changes concerning commute traffic distribution on a road network following the occurrence of a natural disaster – The example of a flood in the Mazovian Voivodeship (Eastern Poland)

The purpose of this article is to determine the size and spatial structure of changes in traffic density within the regional road network following an occurrence of a flood in the Mazovian Voivodeship, Poland. The use of the application developed for the purpose of this article – offers a possibility to react accordingly when there are non-typical obstructions (here: a flood). On the basis of the conducted study, it has been stated that the greatest changes in vehicle traffic density (the analysis of commute traffic) regard the capital of Mazovian Voivodeship, which – first of all – stems from the fact that it is Warsaw that the largest number of employees commute to. Secondly, it is influenced by the location of the capital city in relation to the river system. In the case of the analysed voivodeship and in ‘normal’ circumstances (no flood), commuting to work remains approximately within the 160-min isochrone. In the second variant, this time would extend nearly eightfold, and in the remaining scenarios fivefold. As far as ‘normal’ circumstances (no flood) and commuting in the Mazovian Voivodeship are concerned, the greatest load refers in particular to the following road classes: main road of accelerated traffic, main road and cumulative road. In this case, express and motorways play a marginal role. On the other hand, in the remaining scenarios, the importance of the class of main road of accelerated traffic decreases at the expense of the classes of main road and cumulative road.     

道路交通事故发生机理与实例分析

交通事故发生机理是认识道路交通事故发生过程、交通事故预防和改善交通安全的基础。文章以道路交通系统为研究对象,分析道路交通事故的形成过程,将交通事故发生机理分为驾驶行为差错类事故发生机理、外部因素突变类事故发生机理、综合性事故发生机理三类,并在此基础上绘制了道路交通事故发生机理图,同时结合国道109线兰州八盘村路段进行了实例分析。     

城市交通系统通行性影响因素及计算理论

文章分析了震后城市交通系统通行性的影响因素,提出了包含路段单元通行概率、路段连通概率及路网连通概率的城市交通系统通行性计算理论,为城市路网的连通可靠性评价提供参考。     

大型综合交通枢纽指路标志系统设置研究

城市大型综合交通枢纽由于其功能多样,辐射广泛,周边路网复杂,因此对其指路标志系统需要专门设计。文章以上海市虹桥综合交通枢纽指路标志系统为研究对象,从路网结构及交通流特性出发,将指路标志系统按出行者需求层次分为四级,并提出相应的指路标志设置原则及方法,供相关部门参考。     

广州市道路交通规划建设探讨

文章针对广州市道路系统规划的基本状况及存在的问题,结合国外城市道路交通规划建设及管理经验,提出了基于小尺度道路网、合理道路等级级配和快速路系统的城市道路交通规划建设优化措施及建议,为缓解城市交通拥堵提供理论依据。     

A macro model for traffic flow on road networks with varying road conditions

In this paper, we develop a macro traffic flow model with consideration of varying road conditions. Our analytical and numerical results illustrate that good road condition can enhance the speed and flow of uniform traffic flow whereas bad road condition will reduce the speed and flow. The numerical results also show that good road condition can smooth shock wave and improve the stability of traffic flow whereas bad road condition will lead to steeper shock wave and reduce the stability of traffic flow. Our results are also qualitatively accordant with empirical results, which implies that the proposed model can qualitatively describe the effects of road conditions on traffic flow. These results can guide traffic engineers to improve the road quality in traffic engineering. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

临时关闭道路以疏导城市道路交通流的可行性分析

文章基于Braess悖论,以单位车辆的平均出行时间为最优目标,以网络道路系统为约束条件,从逆向思维角度建立了通过临时关闭道路引导交通流以缓解城市道路交通拥挤的Narsh均衡非线性规划模型,并以北京二环道路网络为研究对象进行了实例分析。结果表明,在城市道路网中,关闭部分路段并不能明显缓解交通拥堵现状,但可以在不影响路网整体通行时间的条件下改善路网局部拥堵状况。建议城市道路交通临时疏导方案应该根据路网交通流的分布特点和道路通过能力等因素进行制订。     

Traffic modelling in system boundary expansion of road pavement life cycle assessment

This paper uses a case study of a UK inter-urban road, to explore the impact of extending the system boundary of road pavement life cycle assessment (LCA) to include increased traffic emissions due to delays during maintenance. Some previous studies have attempted this but have been limited to hypothetical scenarios or simplified traffic modelling, with no validation or sensitivity analysis. In this study, micro-simulation modelling of traffic was used to estimate emissions caused by delays at road works, for several traffic management options. The emissions were compared to those created by the maintenance operation, estimated using an LCA model. In this case study, the extra traffic emissions caused by delays at road works are relatively small, compared to those from the maintenance process, except for hydrocarbon emissions. However, they are generally close to, or above, the materiality threshold recommended in PAS2050 for estimating carbon footprints, and reach 5–10% when traffic flow levels are increased (hypothetically) or when traffic management is imposed outside times of lowest traffic flow. It is recommended, therefore, that emissions due to traffic disruption at road works should be included within the system boundary of road pavement LCA and carbon footprint studies and should be considered in developing guidelines for environmental product declarations of road pavement maintenance products and services.