海上测风塔结构冰振响应分析

为明确海冰作用下高耸结构的冰振响应问题,以渤海冰区海域某海上测风塔为例,对比测风塔与渤海导管架平台的动力特性,确立测风塔的冰载荷模型。基于ANSYS软件对测风塔结构在不同冰况下的抗冰性能进行分析,结果表明,冰激稳态振动下,结构的动力放大系数可达6.7;极端工况下,结构上部的振动加速度响应可达2.64g,远大于结构的抗震设防烈度(0.2g)。冰激稳态振动发生时,工作甲板法兰连接处振动加速度显著并且持续时间较长,可能造成法兰松动。该测风塔结构对抗冰性能考虑不足,应采取适当措施避免冰激稳态振动的发生。     

单点系泊方式下的浮标系统运动响应分析

浮式激光雷达测风塔在恶劣的海洋环境下,其运动稳定性受到风、浪、流等多种环境载荷的耦合作用,呈现出典型的非线性特征,对其观测精度造成重要影响。建立浮动式基础设计分析平台,对浮标及其系泊系统进行水动力性能模拟分析,求解不同载荷作用下浮标平台与单点式系泊系统之间的运动响应。计算结果表明,浮标体在单点式系泊方案下具有良好的安全性和稳定性,系泊张力最大值为466.4k N,满足设计BVNR493规范要求,浮标平台的运动半径极值和最大垂荡距离分别为50.0m和6.3 m,可保证安全运行。     

海上测风塔基础的施工

1工程概况 中交三航局江苏分公司承建的某海上风电场测风塔基础工程，离岸线约20km，属于外海工程。该工程测风塔基础采用高桩＋钢构架基础。     

复合材料地效翼船结构设计计算方法研究

[目的]在复合材料地效翼船的结构设计中,目前尚无相应的对其结构进行强度和稳定性评估的规范方法。选取复合材料地效翼船设计中夹芯复合材料主浮舟及机翼这2个关键部件的结构强度及稳定性计算方法开展研究。[方法]重点探讨主浮舟及机翼结构的设计载荷计算方法,以及对应夹芯板的强度衡准、整体及局部稳定性计算方法与衡准。利用建立的计算方法对复合材料地效翼船主浮舟的总纵弯曲强度、机翼结构强度以及稳定性进行算例分析。[结果]结果表明,建立的计算方法可以用于复合材料地效翼船主浮舟和机翼结构的强度及稳定性计算,算例中的复合材料地效翼船设计方案满足结构强度和稳定性要求,经受住了实船试验的考核验证。[结论]所得方法可供复合材料地效翼船结构设计计算参考。     

桶形基础的模拟设计与动冰载问题

桶形基础是一种新型的海洋平台基础形式,动荷载作用下基础的稳定性是必须仔细考虑的问题.动冰力是渤海海域平台设计中的一项控制荷载.本文正对一个导管架平台,进行了桶形基础方案的模拟设计,分析计算了基础的承载力.说明了冰力在基础荷载中的所占的重要地位.     

海上风机半潜型浮式基础结构设计及整体强度分析

综合考虑海洋环境载荷及气动载荷,探讨了半潜型浮式基础结构设计及整体强度分析方法。针对一座安装在120m水深海域的5MW海上风机,参考海洋结构设计的有关规范,设计了由三立柱、斜撑、水平撑等构件组成的浮式基础。应用SESAM软件,建立了风电浮式基础整体有限元模型;根据莫里森公式和势流理论分别计算构件及立柱的水动力载荷,并运用叶素理论计算风机叶片的空气动力载荷;综合施加水动力载荷及叶片气动载荷,计算浮式基础结构的应力分布和变形分布。根据ABS规范,综合考虑构件压应力和弯曲应力,校核了构件的压-弯强度。计算分析结果表明,连接塔柱与立柱斜撑的两端部位应力较大,属于结构的危险部位。     

北海恶劣海况下半潜钻井平台总体屈服及屈曲强度分析

针对在北极及北极圈极寒恶劣海域工作的半潜式钻井平台总体强度问题,利用DNV专业软件SESAM对国内首座入级DNV船级社的自主研发基础设计项目——半潜式钻井平台进行总体强度分析。计算结果表明:平台总体强度情况满足要求,需要对局部连接处进行细化分析,根据强度利用率认为局部结构可以进一步优化。     

桶形负压桩基础火炬塔设计

针对我国滩海油田海况及地质条件,提出采用桶形负压桩做为独立火炬塔平台基础的设计方案,经结构强度计算、整体稳定性计算、桶形基础负压下沉阻力计算、施工技术研究,认为该结构方案技术可行,施工周期短,是一种可重复使用的新型海上火炬塔结构形式.     

基于Kriging模型的船舶典型双层底板架强度和稳定性全局敏度分析

基于Kriging近似技术分别构造具有5根、7根龙骨的双层底板架结构强度和稳定性计算代理模型,利用Sobol＇进行双层底板架结构各设计参数对板架强度和稳定性响应指标的全局敏度分析.分析结果表明：对于强度响应,板架尺度及布置参数、构件尺寸参数均对其存在较大的影响;而对于稳定性响应,板架尺度及布置参数对其敏感程度较高,构件尺寸参数对其影响较为有限.     

新型海上可整体浮运安装测风塔在位受力分析

针对一种可自浮拖航整体安装的新型测海上风电测风塔结构,从型式特点与工作运行阶段的结构承载能力和荷载传递特点等方面进行了研究。利用数值模拟主要分析了结构在50年一遇环境荷载作用下的受力特点以及土体本构参数对结构承载能力的影响效果。     

TMD对海上风电塔架减振效果研究

基于对TMD减振原理,针对海上风力发电塔架结构特点,将TMD减振技术应用于海上风力发电塔架中。在仿真计算时,将软件模拟的风机对塔架的作用力时程施加在塔架模型中,在考虑浪流荷载作用下研究了TMD对风力发电塔架的减振效果。结果表明TMD结构对塔架的振动能够起到良好的减振作用。     

海上风电单桩稳桩平台的结构设计与安全性评估

根据海上风机基础的打桩作业要求,设计一种单桩稳桩平台,并利用ANSYS APDL软件对单桩稳桩平台在打桩作业工况、遭遇台风工况等极端典型工况的结构强度、整体稳定性和单桩稳定性进行校核。结果表明,设计的稳桩平台可满足海上复杂环境下单桩基础的定位、导向和沉桩等技术要求,为海上风电单桩稳桩平台的结构设计和安全性评估提供参考。     

海上风电场维护船船型方案研究及双体阻力性能数值分析

风能是一种清洁的可再生资源,与传统的燃煤发电相比,风力发电没有二氧化碳等一些有害气体的排放,是理想的绿色能源,其开发利用受到各国的重视。随着海上风电场的日益发展,维护问题也随之而来。海上风电场维护船是维护人员进行维护必不可少的交通工具,本文根据中国典型的海上风电塔基型式,结合风电场实际使用需要和运营条件,对双体风电维护船功能进行了分析,通过对不同的双体船型方案进行数值仿真分析,得到性能良好的双体船行方案,为中国海上风电场建造维护船船型选择奠定了一定的基础。     

大型海洋平台顶升塔架的稳定性分析

随着液压顶升技术的发展，通过顶升塔架完成大型海洋平台的整体合拢的技术日渐成熟和广泛。目前，国内外关于顶升塔架的稳定性相关问题研究较少，而塔架的稳定性问题是平台能否安全完成上下模块总装合拢的关键问题。本文针对如何合理的布置顶升塔架，提高塔架在海洋平台顶升过程中的稳定性问题，以有限元分析为基础，并引入接触算法定量分析塔架在外载荷作用下的稳定性问题。此外，本文定量分析装配误差、地基存在不均匀的弹性、塑性变形等建造误差对塔架稳定性的影响，包括单塔架、单侧塔架、对角塔架升沉引起的塔架稳定性损失，及单塔架、单侧塔架及对角塔架倾斜引起的塔架稳定性损失，揭示出了相关规律，为工程施工做参考。     

非线性混合海况下近海风机塔筒底部载荷的动力响应

本文主要研究在非线性混合海况(即风浪和涌浪组合海况)下,以NREL 5MW_Baseline Monopile近海风机为研究对象,对其塔筒底部(基线)所受到的剪力和弯矩载荷的动力响应进行仿真。在近海风机的时域仿真中,选用了Ochi-Hubble六参数波浪谱,并编制了该谱的程序嵌入到FAST中进行编译。计算过程中,共进行了20次10 min的仿真分析。对于得到的短期载荷,给出了波高程,塔筒底部首尾向剪力和弯矩在线性与非线性不规则波作用下的时程曲线对比图。采用分块最大值法对每一次的短期载荷提取极值,并基于20次仿真所得的极值,给出了塔筒底部首尾向剪力与弯矩在线性与非线性不规则波作用下的超越概率曲线对比图。研究表明,在非线性混合海况下进行近海风机塔筒底部载荷的动力响应研究,计算结果对工程实际应用具有指导意义。     

海上风机导管架基础钢管桩稳桩平台结构强度分析

海上风机导管架基础钢管桩沉桩施工通常需要专门的稳桩平台辅助进行。结合作业工艺要求、海洋环境条件和相关规范,对钢管桩稳桩平台进行结构设计。采用SESAM软件和ANSYS Workbench软件分别对稳桩平台整体结构强度和吊耳局部结构强度进行计算分析,并根据规范对计算结果进行评估。结果表明,稳桩平台整体结构强度和吊耳局部结构强度均满足规范要求。该计算分析方法同样适用于海上升压站导管架基础、海上单桩基础稳桩平台或其他类似导管架结构的强度评估。     

Dynamic response of a SWATH vessel for installing pre-assembled floating wind turbines

New and efficient installation concepts which can reduce the cost of developing an offshore wind farm are of particular interest. This paper explores a promising concept using the small water-plane area twin-hull vessel (SWATH) to install pre-assembled wind turbines (OWT) onto floating spar foundations. A focus is placed on the hydrodynamic performance of the SWATH and the response analysis of the coupled SWATH-spar system. Firstly, the numerically calculated difference-frequency wave force effect and damping forces of the original SWATH were verified with experimental data. Secondly, the original SWATH was modified to satisfy the criteria of weight-carrying capacity and hydrostatic stability. Thirdly, a multibody numerical model for the SWATH-spar system was developed, in which the hydrodynamic and mechanical couplings between the SWATH and a spar were considered. The SWATH is equipped with a dynamic positioning system to counteract the slow-drift wave force effects. The nonlinear time-domain simulations were carried out for the mating stage when a wind turbine is lifted above the spar foundation. Based on the analysis of statistics of the relative displacement and velocity of the tower bottom and the spar top, the installation concept with SWATH is found to be of decent performance. Finally, recommendations are provided for future research on this concept, which contributes to developing next-generation installation concepts for bottom-fixed and floating wind farms.     

Model test investigation of a spar floating wind turbine

Several floating wind turbine designs whose hull designs reflect those used in offshore petroleum industry have emerged as leading candidates for the future development of offshore wind farms. This article presents the research findings from a model basin test program that investigated the dynamic response of a 1:50 scale model OC3 spar floating wind turbine concept designed for a water depth of 200 m. In this study the rotor was allowed to rotate freely with the wind speed and this approach eliminated some of the undesirable effects of controlling wind turbine rotational speed that were observed in earlier studies. The quality of the wind field developed by an array of fans was investigated as to its uniformity and turbulence intensity. Additional calibration tests were performed to characterize various components that included establishing the baseline wind turbine tower frequencies, stiffness of the delta type mooring system and free decay response behaviour. The assembled system was then studied under a sequence of wind and irregular wave scenarios to reveal the nature of the coupled response behaviour. The wind loads were found to have an obvious influence on the surge, heave and pitch behaviour of the spar wind turbine system. It was observed from the experimental measurements that bending moment at the top of the support tower is dominated by the 1P oscillation component and somewhat influenced by the incoming wave. Further it was determined that the axial rotor thrust and tower-top shear force have similar dynamic characteristics both dominated by tower’s first mode of vibration under wind-only condition while dominated by the incident wave field when experiencing wind-wave loading. The tensions measured in the mooring lines resulting from either wave or wind-wave excitations were influenced by the surge/pitch and heave couplings and the wind loads were found to have a clear influence on the dynamic responses of the mooring system.     

风机塔架与叶片相互作用的数值模拟(英文)

Numerical simulations of wind turbine blade-tower interaction by using the open source OpenFOAM tools coupled with arbitrary mesh interface(AMI) method were presented.The governing equations were the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) which were solved by the pimpleDyMFoam solver,and the AMI method was employed to handle mesh movements.The National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL) phase VI wind turbine in upwind configuration was selected for numerical tests with different incoming wind speeds(5,10,15,and 25 m/s) at a fixed blade pitch and constant rotational speed.Detailed numerical results of vortex structure,time histories of thrust,and pressure distribution on the blade and tower were presented.The findings show that the wind turbine tower has little effect on the whole aerodynamic performance of an upwind wind turbine,while the rotating rotor will induce an obvious cyclic drop in the front pressure of the tower.Also,strong interaction of blade tip vortices with separation from the tower was observed.     

海上风力发电机组支撑结构动力响应特性研究

支撑结构设计是大型海上风电机组设计的重要部分。文章分析了海上风电机组的各种环境载荷,并以3MW风力机组为例计算其所受环境载荷,包括作用在支撑结构顶端的由风机叶轮转动引起的水平轴向力、作用在塔筒上的风载荷以及作用在基础上的海流、海浪载荷,并采用非线性弹簧来模拟基础与海底土层之间的相互作用。在考虑风轮影响情况下,利用有限元法对支撑结构进行了模态分析。最后,分析了环境载荷作用下支撑结构的动态响应。计算结果表明,在对海上风力发电机组进行动态响应计算时,环境载荷之间的相互耦合作用不能忽略。