The creation and maintenance of a Stigmatized occupation: an historical analysis of the American merchant marine

This paper examines the historical circumstances that have stigmatized the American seaman. Once a respected occupation, the stigma is shown to be the result of structural antecedents: laws regulating maritime labour; hiring practices; changes in the economy and the good intentions of charitable institutions. Reasons for the persistence of stigma despite improved wages and working conditions are discussed as well as the future role of technology in bringing higher social status to seaman.     

《中国海员》——关注海员文化生活

《中国海员》杂志面向海内外发行，为双月刊，刊号为ISSN1005—9067／CN31—1034／C，其读者主要是水运系统的150万职工和水运企事业单位。杂志内容反映水运系统企事业单位的发展，以及水运企事业单位职工的工作和生活，包括远洋海员、国内船员丰富多彩的文化生活、海内外见闻、海上航运安全、水运企事业经济发展等，主要栏目有“港口阳光”“海内外”“交通人征文”“生活潮”“国际航运专递”“当家人论坛”等等。     

Some unsettling maritime terms: the interpretation of found, cargo, ballast and voyage

This paper examines the meaning of four common maritime and admiralty terms: found, cargo, ballast and voyage . These terms are problematic because their definitions are elastic which makes application of the terms difficult. The four terms are important because significant legal consequences are attached to each of them, particularly for seamen on flags of convenience (FOC) and crews of convenience (COC) vessels in US ports. The findings of the author are based on personal experience as well as research conducted in preparation as an expert witness in several maritime cases in both the US District Courts and in Louisiana State Courts, personal interviews with seamen on FOC/COC vessels, interviews with legal and economic experts on the international maritime industry and officials of national and international labour organizations.     

中国船员对外劳务输出的现状及发展策略

国际航运市场的迅速发展,使得船员需求量大幅增加,中国船员劳务输出在当前国际船员劳务市场上的份额很小,找到存在的问题,正确对待,合理解决,对中国船员劳务输出的发展大有益处。中国船员劳务公司应该加强自身建设,增强社会责任感,为中国船员劳务的发展和航运强国的建设贡献力量。     

船员心理与船舶舱室色彩设计研究

由于生活和工作环境的特殊性,船员具有独特的心理特征.船舶舱室造型是功能与美的统一,船舶舱室色彩设计是造型的重要手段,也是调适船员心理的重要手段.从色彩的心理感觉、船舶舱室色彩的功能、船舶舱室内装色彩特点几方面,提出了基于船员特殊心理的船舶舱室色彩设计的思路和手法.     

论航海模拟器对海员适任能力的培训和评估

适任能力是构成船员认证的共同基础,在欧美,20多年前就已经广泛使用航海模拟器对海员进行培训,进而使航海模拟器替代航海履历的国家也不少。航海模拟器的培训和评估,是我们履行STCW78/95公约及海事局有关规定的一个重要内容。     

影响中国船员走向国际劳务市场因素的研究

提高船员的整体素质和参与全球船员劳务市场竞争的能力,可以向海外市场输出大量优质的海员,加快中国海员进军欧美劳务市场的步伐,进一步增强我国海员走向国际劳务市场外派行业的竞争力。     

Maritime legislation: new areas for safety of life at sea

This study reveals areas where IMO regulations of safety of life at sea can be improved upon. After examination of 5389 mortality and 3559 accident cases of UK seamen and 6878 fatalities of worldwide seamen, it finds fatalities due to personal accidents on board ship constitute ～90% of all mortality cases. Therefore, prevention of personal accidents should be given a higher priority. It reveals also that accidents involving coastal (domestic) ferries were another concern in the safety of life in shipping, e.g. in 1996 alone more than 2562 fatalities occurred in this sector. As a case study, the nationalities of 364 deceased seamen in bulk carrier disasters (1990–1998) are identified. Fatalities to British and worldwide seamen are based on the data obtained from various sources. However, fatalities to seamen working on board open registry ships are the best estimation, based on the information available to the authors.     

Maritime legislation: new areas for safety of life at sea

This study reveals areas where IMO regulations of safety of life at sea can be improved upon. After examination of 5389 mortality and 3559 accident cases of UK seamen and 6878 fatalities of worldwide seamen, it finds fatalities due to personal accidents on board ship constitute ~90% of all mortality cases. Therefore, prevention of personal accidents should be given a higher priority. It reveals also that accidents involving coastal (domestic) ferries were another concern in the safety of life in shipping, e.g. in 1996 alone more than 2562 fatalities occurred in this sector. As a case study, the nationalities of 364 deceased seamen in bulk carrier disasters (1990?1998) are identified. Fatalities to British and worldwide seamen are based on the data obtained from various sources. However, fatalities to seamen working on board open registry ships are the best estimation, based on the information available to the authors.     

Triple doses: a view of seamen's health

The health of seamen of all nations has long been a subject of concern. In this paper Brian Nolan stresses the specific social and economic situations of life at sea which produce their own injury, disease and death, and highlights the need for greater concern and actions by unions and employers to lessen the present high cost of seafaring to seamen.     

海事行业综合门户网站——中国海事服务网

<正>中国海事服务网(英文简称CNSS)成立于2006年,是集行业资讯与用户应用体验于一体的海事行业综合门户网站。经过几年的发展与完善,目前中国海事服务网已实现全方位覆盖整个海事行业,设有船员、船舶、航运、港口、游     

Maritime industrial relations: concepts and consequences

British merchant seamen cannot legally strike while their ship is at sea or in a foreign port: neither could they, until 1970, legally strike while working on ships in UK ports. Difficulties of union organization, conservative union leadership in the period spanning the turn of the century and the 1914-18 war, the authority of lawful command, and an over-supply of seamen are some of the factors that have made industrial relations in the British Merchant Navy unlike those of any other industry.     

Maritime industrial relations: concepts and consequences

British merchant seamen cannot legally strike while their ship is at sea or in a foreign port: neither could they, until 1970, legally strike while working on ships in UK ports. Difficulties of union organization, conservative union leadership in the period spanning the turn of the century and the 1914–18 war, the authority of lawful command, and an over-supply of seamen are some of the factors that have made industrial relations in the British Merchant Navy unlike those of any other industry.     

Factors influencing job satisfaction among merchant seamen

This paper explores the occupational and extra-occupational sources of job satisfaction in merchant seamen. Data were collected using a survey instrument from a sample of 302 seamen, both officers and crew. Factors determining variance in levels of job satisfaction are examined using a multiple regression technique. Several factors were found to have a significant impact on the degree of job satisfaction, particularly shipboard status and marital status. Collectively, the independent variables predicted over 63% of the variance.     

基于Creator-Vega船舶电站控制屏建模及手动起动仿真研究

虚拟现实技术被称为21世纪应用前景的三大技术之一。本文简单介绍虚拟现实技术的概念，并就基于MultiGen Creator、Vega虚拟现实软件包和其他一些软件对船舶电站手动起动进行仿真研究，这对船员的教育和培训有着重要的意义。     

The social psychological consequence of a life at sea: A causal model

This paper explores the influence of this occupation on alienation and social integration of its members. Data were collected using a survey instrument from a sample of 293 seamen, both officers and crew. Factors determining variance in levels of alienation are examined using multiple regression technique. Results indicate that variance in several occupational features of life at sea affect the degree of alienation experienced by seamen, and a number of social characteristics were found to mitigate these influences. Supplementary qualitative data are also used.     

海员避碰行动各指标相关性的多元回归分析

在获取大量海员避碰行动样本的基础上，通过建立多元线性回归的数学模型，分析了转向时机、转向幅度、目标船舷角、会遇两船的船速比等4个指标与目标船最后通过距离之间的相关性大小，结论对海员避碰行动决策有一定的参考价值。由于样本是在对海员进行航海模拟器训练中获得的，从而说明了用航海模拟器来研究避碰行为的可行性以及STCW公约强化模拟器训练的必要性。     

The future of the American seaman

This paper analyses the occupational future of the American merchant seaman. Reasons for the decline, foreign competition, technological change, effective manning and the feast or famine cycle are analysed. Strategies for the resurgence of the occupation are discussed.     

适应国际公约国内规则建立和完善船员教育与培训质量体系

随着STCW78/95公约的生效和我国政府的全面履约,我国各类航海院校和培训机构相继建立船员教育与培训质量体系。本文介绍了各院校建立质量体系的基本情况,分析了体系实施过程中的一些问题,并就完善体系、完善实施提出建议。     

The future of the American seaman

This paper analyses the occupational future of the American merchant seaman. Reasons for the decline, foreign competition, technological change, effective manning and the feast or famine cycle are analysed. Strategies for the resurgence of the occupation are discussed.