注射成形填充模拟的修正算法

为提高注射成形过程数值模拟结果的准确性,采用类似迎风法的概念,通过对平流方程作为填充状态控制方程而导致模拟失真原因的分析,提出了相应的数值修正算法.该方法在高效显式数值模拟算法和有限元软件基础上,通过对模型内流体速度场的系统性操作,削弱空气流动速度场对喂料填充的不真实影响,使得填充状态的输送更基于流动前沿面后部的流场作用,并对⊥型和L型模腔进行了数值仿真.结果表明:该方法能有效抑制填充流的失真现象,实现了在流动过程中流向发生大角度变化模腔的正确填充过程.      

绕方柱流速度场的数值模拟

采用有限差分法 ,对雷诺数为 2 .2× 10 4 的三维绕方柱流的速度场进行了大涡模拟。运用时间分裂控制(Split Operator)法 ,将N S方程分为对流步、扩散步和传播步。对Smagorinsky假设在近壁区的发散问题用两层模型而非通常采用的WallDampingFunction进行处理。对流项用迎风 中心差分格式模拟 ,压力方程用SOR法迭代求解。计算得到的沿对称线的时均顺流向速度的计算结果与文献上的实验结果进行了比较 ,结果吻合较好。     

基于FLUENT软件的小水线面双体船粘性流数值模拟

利用计算流体力学商业软件FLUENT对一实尺度小水线面双体船(SWATH)数学船型的粘性绕流进行了数值模拟，得到了不同航速下的船体表面总压力、表面剪切应力分布和相应的粘性阻力系数；将各航速下的粘性阻力计算结果和经验公式估算结果作了比较，验证了FLUENT用于计算小水线面双体船三维粘性流和粘性阻力的有效性．     

模腔注射填充的全矢量显式算法

为满足注射成形模拟工业应用的实际需要，基于已有的模拟注填充显式算法，提出并实现了一种新的全矢量化显式算法，对于各类注射填充的模拟问题，此算法避免了压力场的全局求解，矩阵操作仅在单元一级进行，通过反馈修正，各时间增量步满足不可压缩条件，由于避免了所有的全局耦合求解，计算代价与节点的自由度近似成正比，可实现填充模拟过程的高效运算，容易实现并行计算，通过新算法的填充模拟结果与MINI单元的三维模拟结果比较，证实了该算法的有效性。     

静磁场对熔融液滴振荡变形影响的相场模拟

为了解静磁场作用下熔融液滴振荡过程的特征,采用相场法数值模拟了硅熔体液滴的界面变形和内部对流过程,分析了轴向静磁场对初始形状为二阶Legendre函数硅熔体液滴界面振荡和内部对流的影响.研究表明:施加静磁场以后,液滴收缩较快,说明静磁场抑制了液滴内部流动;随着磁场强度从0增加至0.9 T,流函数最大值从0.57减小到0.08,液滴的界面振荡和内部对流逐渐减弱,液滴的长短轴比更快趋近于1,但磁场对液滴的振荡周期没有明显影响,显示相场法能够模拟密度较大的熔融液滴的界面振荡和内部对流过程.      

2D非稳态方柱绕流的数值模拟与分析

用有限体积法对与来流夹角为45°以及夹角为0°的方柱绕流进行了数值模拟分析.从对方柱的绕流的数值模拟结果可以得出倾角为45°的方柱对尾涡的影响较之倾角为0°的方柱要大得多.由此可知,特征长度越大对柱体尾部涡影响越大.同时还对方柱的受力进行了计算和分析,并与现有实验数据、文献资料进行了比较,两者互相吻合.     

基于Moldflow的仪表盖模具设计

以Pro/E为工具,通过对仪表盖的结构和工艺性分析,论述了仪表盖注射模设计中应考虑的因素.重点介绍了利用Moldflow软件来模拟注射流动过程,根据模拟结果调整了设计方案并给出了解决方案,最后给出了模具装配图.这样设计,可缩短模具设计周期,提高模具的一次成品率.     

超声速脉冲风洞起动过程数值模拟

为研究超声速脉冲风洞起动激波的传播过程和流场建立过程中流场结构的变化,对其起动过程进行了数值模拟.包含组分扩散的控制方程为二维粘性、可压缩、非定常的守恒型Navier-Stokes方程.用中心有限体积法进行空间离散,用隐式双时间步方法处理非定常时间项.计算结果与试验结果基本一致.研究表明,起动激波速度由于内型面的变化而改变,并在隔离段中达到最大值.     

温差能驱动的水下滑翔机工作过程数值模拟

将焓法模型稍做变换后,用于求解温差能驱动水下滑翔机动力装置的相变过程,将温度场与液相分数场解耦,液相分数值由温度场确定.引入有效热导率来表示液相对流对相变过程的影响,计算结果与实验值吻合.对几种不同性质的材料进行了数值模拟分析,分别计算了比相变温度高5℃和10℃温差下,量纲一的量相界面的移动规律、液相分数随时间的变化情况,以及相变材料储能速率.结果表明,外界环境温度在5～30℃范围内,十六号凝胶性能优于其他材料.此外,以十六号凝胶为贮能材料,研究了对流换热系数、储能容器半径对相变过程的影响.     

Fluent软件的多重网格并行算法及其性能

Fluent软件是目前国际上比较流行的通用CFD软件包,用于模拟从不可压缩到高度可压缩范围内的复杂流动,对大规模问题可用并行多重网格方法进行求解.为了找出Fluent软件的最佳解题规模和并行粒度,以期最大限度地发挥软件和硬件的效能,对Fluent软件采用的多重网格并行算法进行了理论分析,通过实验,重点讨论了在并行求解过程中,不同的多重网格循环方法、区域分裂方法、解题的规模和计算节点数对并行性能的影响.结果证明,Fluent软件采用V循环的并行性能最好,HPCC还有很大的升级空间.     

Phase Behaviors in Bi-phase Simulation of Powder Segregation in Metal Injection Molding

Powder segregation induced by mold filling is an important phenomenon that affects the final quality of metal injection molding （MIM）. The prediction of segregation in MIM requires a bi-phase flow model to describe distinctly the flows of metallic powder and polymer binder. Viscous behaviors for the flows of each phase should hence be determined. The coefficient of interaction between the flows of two phases should also be evaluated. However, only viscosity of the mixed feedstock is measurable by capillary tests. Wall sticking is supposed in the traditional model for capillary tests, while the wall slip is important to be taken into account in MIM injection. Objective of the present paper is to introduce the slip effect in bi-phase simulation, and search the suitable way to determine the viscous behaviors for each phase with the consideration of wall slip in capillary tests. Analytical and numerical methods were proposed to realize such a specific purpose. The proposed method is based on the mass conservation between the capillary flows in mono-phase model for the mixed feedstock and in bi-phase model for the flows of two phases. Examples of the bi-phase simulation in MIM were realized with the software developed by research team. The results show evident segregation, which is valuable for improving the mould designs.     

高速列车穿越有竖井隧道流场的数值模拟

为了降低噪声的影响，对高速列车穿越带有竖井的隧道时产生的压缩波进行了三维粘性流场数值模拟．控制方程采用三维粘性、可压缩、等熵、非定常流的Navier Stokes方程，空间离散采用中心有限体积法格式，时间离散采用预处理二阶精度多步后差分格式，对隧道壁采用壁面函数处理．计算结果与国外的试验结果基本一致．研究表明，竖井能降低隧道内的空气压力，其位置和断面大小对压力的变化有重要影响．     

An Iterative Stabilized Scheme for Unsteady Incompressible Viscous Flow

An efficient iterative algorithm is presented for the numerical solution of viscous incompressible NavierStokes equations based on Taylor-Galerkin like split and pressure correction method in this paper. Taylor-Hood element is introduced to overcome the numerical difficulties arising from the fluid incompressibility. In order to confirm the properties of the algorithm, the numerical simulation on plane Poisseuille flow problem and liddriven cavity flow problem with different Reynolds numbers is presented. The numerical results indicate that the proposed iterative version can be effectively applied to the simulation of viscous incompressible flows. Moreover, the proposed iterative version has a better overall performance in maximum time step size allowed, under comparable convergence rate, stability and accuracy, than other tested versions in numerical solutions of the plane PoisseuiUe flow with different Reynolds numbers ranging from low to high viscosities.     

列车气密性静态泄漏理论模型与计算

基于一维等熵流动理论推导了列车气密性静态泄漏状态方程, 考虑泄漏孔流量系数, 得到了压降泄漏时间和总泄漏时间计算公式; 数值模拟了列车气密性静态泄漏的动态过程, 并研究了长细比分别为1∶1、1∶4、1∶8和1∶16, 车内初始气压分别为6、5、4和3 kPa时, 泄漏孔长细比和车内初始气压对列车气密性的影响。分析结果表明: 在车内空气压力从3.0 kPa下降到0.8 kPa的过程中, 数值仿真和理论公式计算得到的压降时间分别为20.25、20.23 s, 与试验结果的相对误差分别为1.41%和1.51%;当泄漏孔长细比为1∶8和1∶16时, 列车车厢内空气压力下降时程曲线基本一致, 泄漏孔气流流量保持不变; 泄漏过程中泄漏孔的气流速度呈现中间大周围小的分布特征, 这是由泄漏孔壁面的黏滞作用引起的; 根据出口截面的中心速度和质量流率得到泄漏孔流量系数为0.71, 车内初始气压对相同指定压力下降时间的影响不足1%;若压降范围一致, 随着初始气压的增大, 压降时间减小, 压力从4 kPa下降到1 kPa的时间为24.18 s, 从5 kPa下降到2 kPa的时间为19.80 s; 数值仿真得到的压降泄漏时间与理论计算结果的最大相对误差为1.22%, 表明理论模型与数值仿真计算方法可以用于计算列车泄漏面积或气密性。      

A New Explicit Algorithm for Bi-Phasic Mixture Flow in MIM

Metal injection moulding (MIM) is a new technology to manufacture small intricate parts in large quantity. Numerical simulation plays an important role in its development. To predict the specific segregation effect in MIM injection, mixture theory is adopted to model the injection flow by a bi-phasic model. This model conducts to the solution of two-coupled Stokes equations. It is an extremely computational consuming solution in the scope of the traditional algorithms, which induce a serious challenge to cost-effectivity of the MIM simulation. Referred to some methods proposed by Lewis in mono-phasic simulation and the implicit algorithms in MIM simulation, a new explicit algorithm is proposed and realized to perform efficiently this type of bi-phasic flow. Numerically this algorithm is devised to perform the simulation in a fully uncoupled manner except for a global solution of the pressure field in each time step. The physical coupling is taken into account in a sequential pattern by fractional steps. This special algorithm does not need any iteration, so it is straightforward and robust, suitable for MIM simulation and other sorts of simulations for multi-phasic flow.     

基于FLUENT的硅油减振器热片散热性能分析

散热片的散热性能好坏严重影响硅油减振器的使用寿命.利用计算流体力学软件FLUENT,建立了硅油减振器散热片的三维模型,模型中将热场与流场进行了耦合;通过对散热片表面的温度分布特性、空气流动特性和散热率进行数值模拟,研究分析了散热片不同结构型式对其散热性能的影响.本文的分析方法可用于指导硅油减振器散热片的设计和选型.     

Study of resistance performance of vessels with notches by experimental and computational fluid dynamics calculation methods

Owing to the special working characteristics and operation requirements, lots of working ships have notches in different sizes and shapes in their hulls. In order to study the resistance performance of the vessel with notches, a series of model resistance tests were performed in respect to the 4 500 m³/h cutter suction dredger, and the tests were simulated based on the computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT. Based on analysis to the experimental data and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculation results, the change of the flow field and the resistance performance caused by the notches were studied, and the reliability of the software in simulation of viscous flow around the hull was proved. It provides the basis for the future study and the design optimization of this kind of working ships.