Limit analysis for reinforced concrete rectangular members under bending,shear and torsion

The ultimate strength of reinforced concrete （RC） rectangular members subjected to combined bending, shear and torsion is obtained from the limit analysis proposed in the present paper. Based on a warped failure surface determined by external loads, and a reasonable assumed stress distribution balancing external loads but not violating the yield condition, the bending-shear-torsion interaction can be derived from equilibrimn conditions. According to the definition of lower-bound theorem in limit analysis, the calculated ultimate loads will be carried safely by the structure. The present method is a simple approach to obtain carrying capacities for RC elements under complex external loads. After comparing with the test results, a good agreement has been observed. The present method can be extended to explain the failure mechanism of RC members subjected to axial loads, and it is possible to develop a simple unified theory of RC members for engineering.     

New unified failure model on evenly distributed reinforced concrete members with box section

It is urgently needed to describe the structural collapse process under extreme conditions to survive people.For reinforced concrete structures it is still a difficulty to describe the failure of reinforced concrete members under complex internal force combination,such as under axial forces,bending moment,shear forces, and torsion working together.In this paper,based on the traditional Nielsen model,a new unified failure model on reinforcement evenly distributed concrete members with box section under combined forces is introduced.The advantages of the proposed new model are to consider the dowel actions of reinforcements and reasonably to consider of the shear carrying capacity of concrete,especially when compression stress of concrete is in a high value.Finally,the theoretical results of the new model are compared with a series of experimental results of box section members.The comparison has verified that the new model is more accurate and feasible for the design and calculation of box section members.     

拉弯扭共同作用下RC构件极限扭矩试验研究

根据８根钢筋混凝土拉弯构件扭强度的试验结果,对拉弯扭构件的破坏形态,纵筋及箍筋的应力应变规律等问题进行了分析研究。论文以变角桁架理论为基础,推导出拉弯扭构件相关方程,提出了在较大轴拉力情况下的计算拉弯扭构件极限扭矩的实用公式。     

钢管混凝土提篮拱面外受力性能试验

为探究非保向力效应对钢管混凝土提篮拱桥平面外稳定性能的影响,开展了钢管混凝土(CFST)提篮拱空间受力性能试验和有限元分析;基于某原型桥开展了考虑吊杆影响的钢管混凝土提篮拱空间受力性能试验,揭示了模型拱的破坏机理;基于试验结果和实际工程构造参数建立了钢管混凝土标准提篮拱桥有限元模型,通过是否建立杆系吊杆的方式分别考虑吊...     

预应力CFRP布加固CRC梁的抗弯承载力计算

锈蚀钢筋会引起构件承载能力下降,为了提高构件承载力保证其完成预定的使用功能,需对其进行加固处理。结合锈蚀钢筋混凝土构件和预应力CFRP布加固后构件的受力特征,在相关试验研究的基础上,运用受力平衡方程,推导了锈蚀钢筋屈服、混凝土压碎及预应力CFRP布拉断等状态下的承载力计算公式,并将理论结果与试验结果进行了对比,吻合较好,可以用于指导工程实践。     

Punching Shear Behavior of RC Slab-Column Connections with Nonrectangular Columns

This paper present an experimental study on the RC slab-colunm connections with nonrectangular colunms, namely cross-shaped column, T-shaped column and L-shaped column. The punching shear deformation and strength characteristics of slab-column connections with nonrectangular columns under punching shear load are investigated. Nine specimens with the three kinds of nonrectangular columns and two reference specimens with square columns are tested. The tested ultimate loads, deformations, and failur emodes of specimens are presented and discussed. Test results reveal that the punching shear strength and ductility of the connections with nonrectangular columns are higher than those of the corresponding connections with square columns, and also prove that the application of nonrectangular columns to flat-plate structure was feasible. Based on the test results, one method of calculating punching shear strength of connections with nonrectangular columns is proposed, which conforms with the current design practice of China. The test results on the punching shear strength are compared with the predictions of the formulas proposed by codes of several different countrie; and the predictions given by ACI code and China code are found to be conservative as the reinforcement ratio is increased.     

自攻锚栓极限抗拉承载力计算方法

自攻锚栓是一类具有装卸方便快速、施工可调性好、临界边界距离短等优点的混凝土后锚固机械锚栓,近年来得到了越来越多的工程应用. 为保证自攻锚栓承载力符合要求及所锚固结构的安全性,需对其受拉时不同破坏模式对应的极限抗拉承载力进行严格的计算和设计. 目前国内外对自攻锚栓承载力方面的相关研究均较少,对其受拉破坏机理的研究更是缺乏,使设计者仅通过厂家提供个别设计值对锚栓承载力进行估算和设计,不能准确计算理论承载力值. 为了促进对自攻锚栓受拉拔破坏机理及其极限抗拉承载力计算的进一步研究,本文系统地总结了自攻锚栓在受外部静拉力荷载作用下锚栓拉断破坏、混凝土锥体破坏与组合破坏模式的形成机理,指出锚栓极限抗拉承载力及破坏模式与锚固深度的对应关系;详细介绍并分析了针对自攻锚栓各破坏模式的极限抗拉承载力预测模型;重点讨论了有关组合破坏模式极限抗拉承载力预测模型的研究现状,并展望了对其进一步验证及改进的必要性;最后描述了现有锚栓群组、间距、边距效应的计算方法,指出了对自攻锚栓在该领域研究的需求.      

Advanced unified failure model on uniformly reinforced concrete box section members

Based on the traditional Nielsen model,a unified failure model on the uniformly reinforced concrete box section members under combined forces was introduced by Luo and Liu.One of their contributions is adjustment of the shear carrying capacity of concrete at the member failure surface.In the unified failure model,the comparison with the experimental results verified this adjustment.Nevertheless,it should be pointed out that the adjustment factor of shear carrying capacity at member failure surface for the reinforced concrete members in the unified failure model is a fixed adjustment constant for all experiment data,which is basically determined by curve fitting.However,the adjustment factor should vary with the normal stress at the member failure surface.In this paper,an advanced theoretical model is introduced,in which the adjustment factor of shear carrying capacity at failure surface is a variable related to the normal stress at failure surface.Furthermore,the advanced unified failure model on the uniformly reinforced concrete box section member can still be expressed in a simple form.Finally,the comparison with several groups of test data has verified that this advanced model is more accurate and feasible to be used in design.     

钢板加固持荷RC梁承载力数值分析方法

在钢筋混凝土梁粘贴钢板加固数值分析中,为了解决初始荷载及钢板-混凝土界面传力问题,以8片钢筋混凝土梁室内缩尺模型试验为基础,采用面-面接触分析方法及单元"生死"分析方法,对试验梁进行了全过程数值分析,提出了一种粘贴钢板加固具有初应力钢筋混凝土梁的数值分析方法。研究结果表明:钢筋混凝土梁预测挠度变化规律与实测值吻合较好,极限荷载偏差在11.5%以内。可见,运用数值分析方法能有效解决持荷情况下,待加固结构与钢板不同时参与工作及钢板-混凝土界面的传力难点。     

CFS加固RC箱梁斜截面承载力理论分析与试验

根据非线性有限元理论,建立CFS加固RC箱梁的三维非线性有限元分析模型,对箱梁进行斜截面承载力分析.针对箱梁桥的开裂特点与受力情况,制作4根RC箱梁并进行CFS加固RC箱梁的模型试验,通过逐级加载,研究CFS加固RC箱梁斜截面时的破坏全过程,分析CFS加固RC箱梁斜截面的受力特点和加固箱梁的极限承载力,对有限元计算结果与试验结果进行对比分析,进一步验证了理论计算模型的正确性.     

矩形混凝土空心墩延性抗震性能试验研究

为深入认识混凝土空心墩地震损伤机理并评估其延性能力,对不同剪跨比、纵筋率及配箍率的方形和矩形空心墩试件开展拟静力加载试验. 观测各墩裂缝分布和损伤情况,分析桥墩的滞回性能、曲率及位移延性,并结合文献试验数据探讨既有塑性铰公式对空心墩顶部位移能力计算的适用性. 研究结果表明:各空心墩试件呈弯曲破坏特征,延性系数均在5.0以上,抗震性能良好;相同剪跨比下空心墩抗剪性能弱于相同外尺寸实心墩;增加纵向率能够适当提升空心墩侧向承载力和极限位移;在低轴压比下,纵筋率和箍筋用量对空心墩位移延性系数的影响规律不明显;空心墩塑性铰长度随剪跨比、纵筋强度或直径、轴压比的增加而提高,随混凝土强度的增加而降低,而配箍率的影响不显著;Mander、孙治国和JRA塑性铰模型预测值与试验值误差不超过5%,其中Mander公式计算效果最佳,可用于评估空心墩等效塑性铰长度;规范中较多采用的Paulay-Priestley模型高估了空心墩塑性铰长度,会使得桥墩抗震设计偏于不安全.      

3D Nonlinear Numerical Simulation of Intact and Debonded Reinforced Concrete Beams

To study the behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with sections of concrete removed and the reinforcement exposed, 3D nonlinear numerical analysis was performed upon both intact and debonded RC beams by using finite element techniques. The deformational characteristics and the ultimate loads were obtained through numerical models, as well as crack and stress distributions. The failure modes can also be deduced from computational results. Compared with intact beams, the normal assumptions of plane section behaviour is not hold true and the patterns of stress and strain are different in debonded RC beams. The numerical results show good consistency with experimental data. This kind of numerical simulation is a supplement to existing codes.     

圆管翼缘钢-混凝土新型组合梁极限抗弯承载力与延性

为研究圆管翼缘组合梁的抗弯性能, 进行了3根圆管翼缘组合梁静力加载抗弯破坏性试验, 分析了试验梁的抗弯破坏过程与破坏特征; 考虑混凝土损伤塑性本构及栓钉滑移与断裂, 建立了圆管翼缘组合梁非线性数值模型, 基于试验结果分析了数值模型的适用性; 以钢梁下翼缘宽度、混凝土翼板厚度与圆管管径为主要结构参数, 计算了48根正交设计的圆管翼缘数值模型组合梁的力学性能; 依据试验梁与数值模型梁的抗弯受力性能, 提出了基于简化塑性理论的圆管翼缘组合梁极限抗弯承载力计算公式; 应用数值模型梁位移延性系数计算结果, 回归得到了圆管翼缘组合梁位移延性系数计算公式。计算结果表明: 数值模型组合梁与试验梁承载力比值为0.99~1.03, 挠度比值为0.87~1.09, 因此, 弯矩-挠度计算曲线与试验曲线吻合良好, 可采用数值模型组合梁准确模拟圆管翼缘组合梁的抗弯全过程受力行为; 圆管翼缘组合梁极限抗弯承载力随钢梁下翼缘宽度、混凝土翼板厚度的增大而增大, 随圆管管径的改变变化较小, 位移延性系数随混凝土翼板厚度与圆管管径平方的增大呈线性增大, 随钢梁下翼缘宽度的增大呈线性减小; 不同塑性发展程度的各类模型梁位移延性系数为3.16~7.19, 体现了较好的延性; 采用极限抗弯承载力简化计算公式与圆管翼缘数值模型组合梁计算的极限抗弯承载力比值为0.91~1.09, 平均比值为0.98, 因此, 公式计算结果准确; 为使圆管翼缘组合梁具有一定延性, 建议位移延性系数大于3.5。      

带管翼缘的钢-混凝土组合梁抗弯性能试验研究

为了研究带钢管混凝土上翼缘的钢-混凝土组合梁在静载作用下的抗弯性能,进行了组合梁静力试验,建立了组合梁有限元模型,进行了非线性静力变参数分析。基于钢材的理想弹塑性模型和圆形钢管约束混凝土模型,建立了正截面抗弯承载力理论分析模型。研究结果表明:新型组合梁满足平截面假定,抗弯承载力大,延性好,钢管内填混凝土与管壁无滑移;极限抗弯承载力随含钢率与钢材的屈服强度的提高而增大,管内填混凝土强度的提高对极限承载力影响不大,但可以显著提高其延性,因此,在新型组合梁设计过程中要考虑内填混凝土强度和上翼缘钢管屈服强度之间的匹配关系;极限抗弯承载力试验值与理论计算值的比值为1.07,说明理论分析模型偏于安全。     

Prediction of Axial Capacity of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubes Using Neural Networks

The application of artificial neural network to predict the ultimate bearing capacity of CFST （ concrete-filled square steel tubes） short columns under axial loading is explored. Input parameters consiste of concrete compressive strength, yield strength of steel tube, confinement index, sectional dimension and width-to-thickness ratio. The ultimate bearing capacity is the only output parameter. A multilayer feedforward neural network is used to describe the nonlinear relationships between the input and output variables. Fifty-five experimental data of CFST short columns under axial loading are used to train and test the neural network. A comparison between the neural network model and three parameter models shows that the neural network model possesses good accuracy and could be a practical method for predicting the ultimate strength of axially loaded CFST short columns.     

预应力高强混凝土T梁非线性结构行为研究

结合高强混凝土的特点，考虑材料非线性影响，计算了预应力高强混凝土T梁的极限承载力。在非线性有限元分析中，提出了合适的预应力钢筋建模方法。选择了适合于预应力高强混凝土梁非线性分析的一些基本理论，主要包括混凝土和钢筋的应力应变关系、整体式有限元模型、混凝土的破坏准则。计算结果表明：这些方法对预应力高强混凝土梁的非线性分析具有良好的适应性。基于上述理论，对影响预应力高强混凝土承载力的主要参数进行了对比分析，其结果可供工程设计参考使用。     

大跨度钢筋混凝土拱桥钢管混凝土劲性骨架施工阶段稳定性分析

本文用荷载增量法，考虑几何非线性，施工加载历程及构件极限承载力的影响，对大跨度ＲＣ拱桥钢管混凝土劲性骨架施工阶段稳定进行了分析，并研制了相应的微机程序。所得结论有助于大桥性骨的架的设计与施工监控。     

新型五螺箍矩形短柱轴压承载力计算分析

螺旋箍筋应用于钢筋混凝土柱能明显提高柱的承载力及延性,为了研究五螺箍矩形混凝土短柱在轴心受压荷载作用下的力学性能和轴压承载力计算方法,首先,结合已有文献中的试验建立有限元模型,并将有限元分析结果与试验结果进行对比,以验证有限元模型的正确性;其次,基于材料用量相等的原则,设计了4种不同配箍形式的矩形截面柱,基于已验证了的有限元模型开展了不同混凝土强度对上述4种柱的轴压承载力和延性的影响研究;最后,通过对五螺箍柱进行参数分析,提出了基于体积配箍率的轴压承载力计算方法. 研究结果表明:五螺箍较五环箍、矩形箍和矩形螺旋箍柱构件承载力均值分别提高0.78%、6.70%和13.73%,延性系数均值分别提高2.00%、10.32%和10.41%,说明五螺箍柱有较高的承载力和延性;与各国规范提出的公式进行对比,本文建议的轴压承载力计算方法较为简便,且与试验值的误差均值仅为2.83%.      

路堤下复合地基素混凝土桩受力特征和破坏机理

为了合理分析软土地区路堤下素混凝土桩复合地基的稳定性,基于离心模型试验和仿真分析,研究了不同桩间距条件下路堤下素混凝土桩复合地基桩体的受力特征,引入桩体破坏逐一退出机制,分析了桩体破坏模式. 结果表明:在路堤自重和列车荷载作用下,路堤下复合地基素混凝土桩受力特征和破坏模式具有显著的桩间距效应,当桩间距分别增大至4倍和6倍桩径时,最靠近坡脚的第1列与第1、2列素混凝土桩分别产生了断桩破坏;在桩间距不变的条件下,随着上部荷载的增大,素混凝土桩最大弯矩和剪力均逐渐增大;施加列车荷载后,桩体最大弯矩和剪力往路基坡脚方向呈逐渐增大的规律,桩间距由3倍增大至6倍桩径时,靠近坡脚的桩体最大弯矩由172.9 kN?m增大至601.0 kN?m,大于桩体标定极限弯矩值,剪力由89.4 kN增大至249.1 kN,小于桩体标定极限剪力值,表明离心模型试验中素混凝土桩产生弯曲破坏而不是剪切、受压和受拉破坏,最靠近坡脚的桩最先发生弯曲破坏,随后往路基中心方向呈逐一弯曲破坏模式.      

Flexural experimental study on continuous reinforced concrete beams strengthened with basalt fiber reinforced polymer/plastic

This paper discusses a new fibrous composite known as continuous basalt fiber reinforced polymer/plastic (BFRP). Compared with other fiber reinforced polymer/plastic, BFRP has many advantages, such as ductility, high thermal resistance, corrosion resistance and economic cost. To test mechanical properties and failure modes of flexural members strengthened with BFRP, flexural experiment is conducted on four two-span T-section continuous beams strengthened with BFRP and one un-strengthened comparative beam. The experimental result shows that the strengthened beams perform remarkably in terms of yield strength, ultimate strength and ductility. BFRP has good prospects in retrofitting and strengthening of concrete structures which require good ductility and corrosion resistance.