多管齐下建农村快递物流体系

近年来，我国农村经济快速发展，农副产品生产与加工能力大幅提升，中央又实施家电下乡等惠民工程．但由于农村快递物流体系尚未健全，农村流通渠道不畅．流通基础设施薄弱，影响了农村经济发展、制约了农村内需。     

乡村振兴背景下农村交通发展对策综述

农村交通运输是支撑乡村振兴战略和乡村经济产业发展的重要一环。本文为促进农村交通长足发展，推动农业农村现代化，结合大量参考文献，总结并归纳了乡村振兴战略背景下农村交通发展对策。首先根据农村发展现状，梳理我国农村经济、产业、空间上的变革，总结农村社会经济向创造性、多元化、特色化发展；再根据农村交通与农村社会经济发展之间的相互影响关系，总结在农村形态变迁的新趋势下农村交通发展现状及不足，最后针对农村交通存在的问题从建管养运四个方面的发展对策进行综述。     

农村经济不平衡与农村客运价格机制

区域内农村经济发展的不平衡性导致了农村公路的不平衡发展，给农村客运定价带来了难度。而农村客运定价主体、方式和权限分配的不合理因素也加剧了农村经济的不平衡发展。     

北京农村公交企业经营困局和对策

近几年，我国城乡一体化进程加快，农村剩余劳动力流向城市，城乡交流对客运的需求日益明显，农民对乘车条件和候车环境的要求已越来越高。以北京市为例，近年来，北京市大力发展公交，积极倡导公交优先，特别是在农村客运公交化方面下了很大手笔，对促进农村客运事业发展规划出了良好前景。     

构建农村道路客运网络，推进城乡经济社会统筹发展

截至2009年底，重庆市已开行农村客运线路2327条，投入农村客运车辆1.1万台，车辆总座位数近19万座，建成投入使用的农村客运站点1222个；全市880个乡镇、9028个行政村中，已开行客运车辆的乡镇有863个、行政村5832个，全市乡镇、行政村客运车辆通达率分别达98．1％和64．6％，为农村百姓出行创造了良好条件，促进了城乡交流、农民增收和农业经济发展，对城乡统筹发展、社会主义新农村建设发挥了重要作用。     

农村客运发展的切入点

农村道路客运是发展农村经济的基础，是农民出行的重要交通方式，随着农业和农村经济结构的调整及生产力的提高，农村乡镇企业、旅游业发展迅速，广大农民商品意识日益增强，农业效率提高，大量农村剩余劳力需要经常流动，农村客运有着十分广阔的发展前景。因此，发展农村客运是目前实现农村交通运输业发展的首要课题。     

换血重塑客运业蓝海——聊城市农村客运集约化经营模式探访

一直以来，微利、甚至不盈利的农村客运在我国处于低水平发展阶段，车辆状况差、服务质量差、从业人员素质差是留给人们的普遍印象。虽然，近年来，国家极力倡导建设社会主义新农村，同时也针对加快发展农村交通运输业提出了具体要求，但农村客运业的发展存在不少现实难题，推进起来也异常艰难。     

促进农村货运业主向专业物流公司转型

农村货运业问题多现阶段，在我国农村，尤其是在欠发达的偏远山区县市，由于油价的不断上涨，从事货运物流的行业市场门槛偏低，同时货运物流企业间同行竞争激烈，利薄成本高成为这一行从业者的普遍现象。农村道路汽车货物运输发展在经历了“有货无车运、有货必有车、有车没货运”三个阶段后，现在又出现了许多新的矛盾和困难。     

加快大理州农村客运发展的思考

我国要在一定时期内实现“城乡经济社会一体化”的宏伟目标，道路运输必须先行，因为它是连接城乡之间的重要纽带，是实现目标的基础和前提。为此，近年来在中央的统一部署下，各级政府做出了发展区域内农村客运的规划和目标。并投放了大量的财力、物力，不遗余力地改善各地区道路状况，建设乡村客运站，出台多个扶持发展农村道路运输的措施和政策。这些措施的采取为在农村实现“城乡客运一体化”的宏伟目标，奠定了基础条件。     

百废俱兴 曾经资金空蹉跎 思则有备 祈愿尽显零换乘

近年来，按照政府统一规划、适当补助，按照企业为投资、建设和经营主体的模式，各级主管部门全力推进货运场站建设，逐步形成了以货运场站、配载中心和交易市场为主的有形市场。特别是2005年以来，交通运输部将乡镇农村客运站纳入基本建设计划，掀起了农村客运站（亭）建设的高潮。     

非灯控交叉口交通安全状况评价

非灯控交叉口是交通流中的节点,对非灯控交叉口的交通安全状况进行评价具有导向性意义。文章针对交叉口管控存在的问题,提出了交通安全状况评价原则和主要方法,阐述了非灯控交叉口交通安全的影响因素,并通过对沈阳市刘家窑十字交叉口进行交通安全状况评价,提出了具体的交叉口交通安全改善措施,以提高非灯控交叉口的交通安全性。     

道路运输企业安全管理探析

文章从影响道路运输行车安全的基本因素入手,结合典型交通事故,分析了道路运输企业的安全管理现状及存在的问题,提出了针对性的安全管理措施。     

一级公路交叉口设计中的交通安全问题及对策

一级干线公路由于开口较多,不可避免地存在较多的交通安全问题.文章以湖北荆监一级公路为例,针对交叉口设计中的交通安全典型问题,提出了改善方法及相关对策.     

Ex ante assessment of safety issues of new technologies in transport

New technologies in traffic can produce a range of unknown and unplanned deviations which require attention when assessing such technologies for market implementation. Current assessment methods focus on expected and usually desired effects and do not include identification and analyses of all kinds of other effects resulting from processes other than the desired processes. In this paper a method called HAZOP (Hazard and Operability analysis), originally developed for identifying unintended safety problems in chemical processes, is introduced and applied in order to analyse the added value of this method for large scale pilots with intelligent transport systems. The paper discusses the additional potential safety problems which the HAZOP identifies, that should be analysed before implementation of intelligent speed adaptation in daily traffic can be considered.     

高速公路改扩建中车行天桥的拆除施工及安全管控研究

为最大限度降低高速公路改扩建工程非封闭路段原有上跨车行天桥拆除施工对车流通行的影响,并确保施工与交通安全,本文以成乐高速公路扩建试验段的5座旧桥拆除工程为例,针对现有施工技术对拆除作业及交通运行可能带来的风险因素,研究提出了分批次统一破碎拆除的施工方法和安全管控方案,通过合理的施工组织方案和施工工艺、全面的安全管控措施解决了破碎拆除法中可能出现的安全及环保问题。     

重庆桥梁交通安全状况调查与改善技术研究

频繁发生的客车坠桥事故造成了重大的人员伤亡和财产损失,提高桥梁运营安全水平工作十分迫切。文章在对重庆市桥梁交通安全状况调查的基础上,分析了桥梁路段在设计、管理、交通运行等方面存在的问题,提出从桥头视距、道路养护、警示设施设置、中央分隔带设置等方面进行综合整治的安全改善措施,为桥梁的安全设计与管理提供参考。     

广西高速公路速度限制研究

文章分析了广西高速公路速度限制存在的主要问题,提出了改进高速公路速度限制的相关措施,对提高广西高速公路管理水平和高速公路通过率、保证行车安全及减少公路交通事故具有现实的意义。     

Agricultural vehicles and sustainable safe road traffic: solving conflicts on arterial highways

Addressing the issues of traffic safety in rural areas presents a constant challenge. The mix of light and heavy vehicles and the considerable differences in speed among these traffic participants result in high risks and delays for the faster vehicles. Agricultural vehicles (AVs) in particular have such an impact on traffic, especially when using arterial highways. This paper reviews the problems of safety and delays that AVs cause on arterial highways, and the appropriate mitigation. The concept of 'sustainable safety' in The Netherlands focuses on these problems, because of the proposed construction of parallel roads alongside all arterial highways. However, Dutch accident statistics cannot justify the high costs for the construction of parallel roads alongside 7000 km of arterial highways. Delays experienced by fast traffic are another reason for separating AVs from other road users with parallel roads. Alternative measures alongside the arterial highway, such as passing bays, restricting AVs to travelling at off-peak only and improving the conspicuity of the AVs, may be more cost-effective ways of reducing delays and/or improving traffic safety on arterial highways. Another solution may be to eliminate the need for AVs to use the arterial highway by altering their routes. For this purpose, land reallocation projects (as practised in Holland) can provide a useful tool.     

Evaluation of the effect of cooperative infrastructure-to-vehicle systems on driver behavior

In-vehicle technologies and co-operative services have potential to ease congestion problems and improve traffic safety. This paper investigates the impact of infrastructure-to-vehicle co-operative systems, case of CO-OPerative SystEms for Intelligent Road Safety (COOPERS), on driver behavior. Thirty-five test drivers drove an instrumented vehicle, twice, with and without the system. Data related to driving behavior, physiological measurements, and user acceptance was collected. A macro-level approach was used to evaluate the potential impact of such systems on driver behavior and traffic safety. The results in terms of speeds, following gaps, and physiological measurements indicate a positive impact. Furthermore, drivers’ opinions show that the system is in general acceptable and useful.     

Air traffic management: Optimization models and algorithms

Current air traffic control systems are mainly conceived to ensure the safety of flights by means of tactical interventions, because of the difficulty of accurately foreseeing the traffic evolution. In fact, in real traffic conditions, planes are often penalized since sometimes safety standards are redundant. Today, this management philosophy is no longer valid because of congestion phenomena which often occur in the most important terminal areas. Therefore, as to future control systems it is necessary to introduce not only more automated procedures to keep adequate safety levels, but also planning functions in order to increase the system capacity and to improve system efficiency. In recent years several studies have been carried out, new control concepts have been introduced and some optimization models and algorithms developed to improve air traffic management. In this paper a survey of our early works in this field is reported and a multilevel model of air traffic management is proposed and discussed. The functions corresponding to the on-line control, that is flow control, strategic control of flights and aircraft sequencing in a terminal area, are examined and the optimization models and solution algorithms are illustrated. Finally, relevant problems coped by recent research are mentioned and new trends are indicated.