鹤大高速公路路基填挖高度的影响因素及合理控制

针对林区公路特点,对路基填挖高度的影响因素进行了分析,并提出合理控制路基填挖高度的设计思路。     

越岭路段公路设计方案比选分析

随着国省干线公路不断深入推进建设,山区公路设计涉及的问题也更复杂。文章以某段复杂越岭路段的公路方案比选为例,介绍了公路方案比选的方法和步骤,分别从集约用地、环境友好、工程可靠以及合理造价等方面进行定性定量对比分析,确定了更合适的公路方案,对类似公路项目有参考借鉴作用。     

山区水电工程场内公路路线设计探讨

文章针对山区水电站场内公路路线节点多、平面交叉多、立体分布广泛、上下线施工干扰大、布线方案困难等特点,对山区水电站场内公路路线布置与选线的原则、路线平纵设计方法、路线设计对构造物的影响等进行了分析探讨,为山区水电工程场内公路路线设计提供参考。     

旧路改扩建路基设计应用

选线应充分考虑公路线形、公路结构、环境保护和景观开发等因素,合理选点布线,尽量减少破坏植被;尽量避开不稳定地带,尽可能做到填切平衡,合理安排,减少取、弃土量,加强生态防护、排水和植被返绿工程。综合考虑项目所在区域地形、地貌、通道分离立交设置情况,以及河流设计水位以及地下水位、路基填料情况、排水系统等因素确定路基最小填土高度,并采用合适的路基高度,有利于将风吹雪害降到最低程度。     

公路预应力混凝土连续梁桥的设计与施工

分析了公路预应力混凝土连续桥梁的特点,探讨了其设计内容和设计步骤,研究了整体现浇施工技术、预制简支-连续施工技术、悬臂施工技术以及移动式模架逐空施工技术等公路预应力混凝土连续桥梁的施工技术,以期为公路预应力混凝土连续梁桥的设计与施工提供参考。     

浅谈设计单位在公路造价控制中的影响和作用

阐述设计单位对公路造价控制的重要作用,分析了现行体制下设计单位在控制公路造价中存在的问题,并提出设计单位如何积极合理的控制公路造价的对策和措施。     

道路布线与放线程序设计

介绍了各种条件下的公路选线和放线测量,以及编制的道路布线与放线程序.     

可能速度在公路线形设计中的应用

公路线形设计是公路合理设计的关键环节之一,为有效控制公路平面、纵面线形设计的质量,文章在公路线形设计评价中引入了可能速度法,对线路设计中所确定的指标进行检查和修正,以确保公路线形设计的连续性、协调性以及安全性,并结合山区二级公路一段沿河路段线形设计实例,探讨了可能速度在公路线形设计中的具体应用方法与效果。     

赵沟连拱隧道不良地质偏压段施工方法

商漫高速公路是银川—武汉线陕西境内的一条重点公路。针对商漫高速公路段内的赵沟连拱隧道进口段不良地质与偏压现象导致局部坍塌的问题,通过在现场的勘察与处理,从设计与施工的角度探讨,总结出对不良段落合理的施工步骤及支护方法。     

山区公路平纵线形组合设计要点分析

文章介绍了山区公路线性组合设计中的原则,分析了山区公路平纵线形组合设计的影响因素,并将平面线形和纵断面线形设计指标应用到实际工程案例中,合理选择最佳线形组合设计方案,在保证公路施工质量的基础上,构建山区公路立体线形结构,确保交通出行安全。     

优化高速公路景观设计推动“通道森林”工程建设

文章基于对重庆高速公路景观绿化现状的分析,结合当前建设高速公路“森林工程”要求,介绍了重庆高速公路景观设计应遵循的原则和高速公路两侧边坡、中央分隔带以及立交等处的景观绿化设计要点。     

公路路线设计中运行速度理论检验的方法

我国目前的公路路线设计采用设计速度理论,设计速度是个定值,而多年的实践表明,车辆实际的运行速度总是随公路线形等条件的改变而变化,所以设计速度理论本身存在一定的局限性,需要采用动态的运行速度对公路的路线设计进行安全性检验,以确保行车安全。文章结合设计实例,探讨公路路线设计中运行速度理论检验的方法。     

广西公路项目平交式工程安全评价探讨

文章介绍了公路项目平面交叉口工程安全评价的目的,分析了影响公路项目平面交叉口工程安全的因素,并以广西来马高速马山南互通出口与G210公路平交口项目为工程实例,从平纵线形、视距、交叉口间距、交通工程、施工方案等方面对公路项目平交式工程进行安全评价。     

Multi‐objective highway alignment optimization using a genetic algorithm

The available highway alignment optimization algorithms use the total cost as the objective function. This is a single objective optimization process. In this process, travel‐time, vehicle operation accident earthwork land acquisition and pavement construction costs are the basic components of the total cost. This single objective highway alignment optimization process has limited capability in handling the cost components separately. Moreover, this process cannot yield a set of alternative solutions from a single run. This paper presents a multi‐objective approach to overcome these shortcomings. Some of the cost components of highway alignments are conflicting in nature. Minimizing some of them will yield a straighter alignment; whereas, minimizing others would make the alignment circuitous. Therefore, the goal of the multiobjective optimization approach is to handle the trade‐off amongst the highway alignment design objectives and present a set of near optimal solutions. The highway alignment objectives, i.e., cost functions, are not continuous in nature. Hence, a special genetic algorithm based multi‐objective optimization algorithm is suggested The proposed methodology is demonstrated via a case study at the end.     

浅谈广西公路设计中曲线超高的应用

随着广西高等级公路建设规模的进一步扩大,公路设计要求日益提高,高等级公路设计中曲线超高设计显得尤为重要。文章根据我国现行的路线设计规范,结合日本的路线设计经验,介绍曲线超高在广西公路设计中的应用。     

A highway corridor planning model: QROAD

This model calculates an optimal investment plan for a highway corridor or number of corridors, subject to budget constraints. The available options include upgrading the current alignment, constructing a bypass highway over a different alignment, or various combinations. The budget constraints can be specified as a total budget restriction, or as an available budget each period. The highway system is described by K different road links. Each link consists of the current alignment which may be described by any number of sections, and a bypass section over a new alignment. The model finds the construction plan for each link that maximizes discounted benefits, subject to the financial constraints on the maintenance and capital expenditures. The problem is formulated as a large combinatorial optimization problem. A Lagrangian relaxation of the budget constraints is used, and the problem decomposes by link. A dynamic programming (DP) model is used to solve for the optimal expansion path for each link, given the dual variables. The sub-gradient dual optimization problem is a linear programming problem which is solved for the optimal dual variables. An application is presented based on the World Bank's Third National Highway Project in India, which is a US$1.3 billion project for upgrading approximately 2000 km of the Indian National Highway System. The project was approved based on results from this model.     

Highway alignment optimization through feasible gates

An efficient optimization approach, called feasible gate (FG), is developed to enhance the computation efficiency and solution quality of the previously developed highway alignment optimization (HAO) model. This approach seeks to realistically represent various user preferences and environmentally sensitive areas and consider them along with geometric design constraints in the optimization process. This is done by avoiding the generation of infeasible solutions that violate various constraints and thus focusing the search on the feasible solutions. The proposed method is simple, but improves significantly the model's computation time and solution quality. Such improvements are demonstrated with two test examples from a real road project.     

GIS-based highway design review system to improve constructability of design

This paper presents a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a tool which can help highway engineers review a completed highway design to improve its constructability. The GIS can link different data sets together using geographical location as the common key between the data sets to perform various spatial operations. In this paper, the GIS is used to integrate various highway design data using a common milepost referencing system. The GIS allows the integration of the highway design information by establishing common spatial relationships between various highway design features and their geographical locations. The GIS can provide a comprehensive platform upon which all aspects of the highway project review process can be built. This paper also addresses the interface of GIS with the existing highway project data bases and computer-aided design files. The proposed GIS-based highway design review system can improve the constructability of the highway design at an early design review stage.     

Geometric modelling of highways using global positioning system (GPS) data and spline approximation

Detailed studies of traffic safety, as highway design consistency evaluation, require having the geometric definition of the alignment. An efficient and reliable procedure has been developed for obtaining this geometric definition for two-lane rural highways. The method is based on getting data of the highway by means of a GPS receiver mounted in a car and the subsequent processing of this information. The data taken in the highway are differentially corrected and points in the roadway centerline are estimated by means of a developed calculation algorithm. Finally, the highway alignment is defined by means of a parametric cubic smoothing spline. In this paper, the developed method and its application to the M-607 highway, located in Madrid (Spain), is exposed.