对上海嘉定老城区交通问题及其改善对策的若干思考

随着城市化建设的快速发展，老城区交通的改善与优化是国内众多城市所面临的一个重要课题。本文以上海嘉定老城区为例，对其在城市化快速发展过程中出现的交通问题进行了分析，并从老城区交通改善原则与对策方面提出了相应建议，以期为国内类似老城区的交通改善提供有益的借鉴。     

基于轨道站点的老城区交通改造问题研究

文章以惠州市荔浦风清改造项目为例,分析了老城区交通的特性与存在的问题,提出了老城区交通改造的基本策略,较系统地研究了基于轨道站点的老城区交通改善方法,对其他城市老城区改造有一定的借鉴意义。     

机动化初期老城区综合交通整治思路与方法:以济宁为例

机动化初期城市面临框架拉开、老城区更新和新区建设等一系列问题。首先分析城市和机动化发展进程,明确老城区整治的最佳时机,总结该阶段交通系统的特征和问题。其次提出综合交通整治可分为设施建设、规范秩序、优化衔接和需求管理四个阶段,根据发展阶段和实际需求,明确机动化初期交通整治重点应在"设施建设"、"规范秩序"两个阶段。最后确定交通整治的关键技术要点,并结合案例城市给出典型整治方案。     

桂林市老城区分流交通保护圈规划设计

文章基于桂林市老城区交通现状，分析了老城区交通存在的主要问题，提出了桂林市老城区分流交通保护圈规划的总体思路，并根据这一思路设计出具体的老城区分流交通保护圈规划方案，为桂林市老城区交通系统规划提供决策依据。     

老城区交通改善措施探析

正"随着经济日益发展,老城区交通拥堵状况不断受到人们的关注。如何才能有效缓解老城区的交通压力,方便人们出行呢?"随着城市化的不断发展,越来越多的人口涌入了城镇,这使得城市的基础设施建设难以负重。对于一些大城市来说,由于土地资源稀缺,很难对城市的交通道路资源进行改善,尤其在老城区,交通的供给与需求之间的矛盾依旧长期存在。     

西部中小城市老城区交通改善研究

西部中小城市中心城区老城区特殊的地理背景,决定了其交通改善的特殊性。文章介绍了西部中小城市老城区综合交通系统现状和城市规划现状,分析了其特有的城市交通特点与存在的问题,从系统工程的角度提出了一系列交通改善措施。     

城市新区交通规划可持续发展的策略

本文通过对城市新区的发展认识,分析其内部交通发展存在的问题,重点探讨城市新区与主城区的交通规划衔接及新区规划中交通规划与土地利用合理协调的关键问题。最后以秦皇岛市新兴产业园区为实例对规划理念做进一步的阐述和说明。     

交通综合体的规划建设问题

在交通运输部门职能转变和运输业转型发展背景下,建设交通综合体应成为综合运输体系发展的重要载体和"十三五"交通工作的重点工作之一。笔者结合湖北省交通枢纽综合体的规划建设思路或实际经验对交通综合体的发展问题进行了探索性思考。首先界定了交通综合体的概念,然后对阐述了不同形态交通综合体的分类及其功能,最后对推进交通综合体试点或实施中需要重点关注的几个问题提出了建议。笔者认为,交通综合体建设应着眼于土地和设施综合开发利用,从项目规划与设计的融合切入,着重项目实施协调,并通过交通综合体的规划建设促进客运新区、货运物流产业集聚区等新区形成和发展。     

大中型城市老城区中央商务区交通改善对策初探——以抚顺市中央商务区（南站）为例

随着社会经济快速发展,大中型城市老城区中央商务区的交通问题日益突出。为改善该类区域日趋严重的交通问题,本文通过分析该类区域的交通特征及问题,提出了该类区域交通改善的总体工作思路,最后以抚顺市中央商务区(南站)为例,制定了针对性的改善对策及建议。     

基于绿色交通理念的生态新区交通 规划与实践研究

绿色交通理念作为全新的理念,建立在智能交通、绿色交通技术基础之上,在提高交通运输有效性、完善绿色交通体系等方面发挥着积极作用.文章从绿色交通理念入手,分析当前国内外绿色交通发展实践现状,最后选择涿州作为研究对象,对绿色交通理念在生态新区交通规划中运用进行深入分析和研究.     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

Evaluation of pedestrian crosswalk level of service (LOS) in perspective of type of land-use

In India pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block crosswalks due to ease of access to their destination or the development of adjacent land use types such as shopping, business areas, school and residential areas. The behaviour of pedestrian will change with respect to different land use type and this change in behaviour of pedestrian further reflects change in perceived level of service (LOS). So, it is important to evaluate the quality of service of such crossing facilities with respect to different land-use type under mixed traffic conditions. In this framework, pedestrian perceived LOS were collected with respect to different land-use type such as shopping, residential and business areas. The ordered probit (OP) model was developed by using NLOGIT software package, with number of vehicles encountered, road crossing difficulty as well as safety considered as primary factors along with pedestrian individual factors (gender and age), land-use type and roadway geometry. From the model results, it has been concluded that perceived safety, crossing difficulty, land-use condition, number of vehicles encountered, median width and number of lanes have significant effect on pedestrian perceived LOS at unprotected (un-signalized) mid-block crosswalks in mixed traffic scenario. The inferences of these results highlights the importance of land use planning in designing a new set of pedestrian access facilities for unprotected mid-block crosswalks under mixed traffic conditions. Also the study results would be useful for evaluating pedestrian accessibility taking into account different land-use type and planning required degree of segregation with vehicular movement at unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations.     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.